Nidanavaggapali

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

Nidānavaggo

1. Nidānasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Buddhavaggo

1. Paṭiccasamuppādasuttaṃ

Nidanavagga Atthakatha

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

Nidānavagga-aṭṭhakathā

1. Nidānasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Buddhavaggo

1. Paṭiccasamuppādasuttavaṇṇanā

Nidanavagga Tika

Namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa

Nidānavaggaṭīkā

1. Nidānasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Buddhavaggo

1. Paṭiccasamuppādasuttavaṇṇanā

1. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi; taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo? Avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ; viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ; nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ; saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso; phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo.

‘‘Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho; viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho; nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho; saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho; phassanirodhā vedanānirodho; vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho; taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Paṭhamaṃ.

1. Evaṃ me sutanti – nidānavagge paṭhamaṃ paṭiccasamuppādasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ anupubbapadavaṇṇanā – tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesīti, ettha tatrāti desakālaparidīpanaṃ. Tañhi ‘‘yaṃ samayaṃ viharati, tatra samaye, yasmiñca jetavane viharati, tatra jetavane’’ti dīpeti. Bhāsitabbayutte vā desakāle dīpeti. Na hi bhagavā ayutte dese kāle ca dhammaṃ bhāsati. ‘‘Akālo kho tāva bāhiyā’’tiādi (udā. 10) cettha sādhakaṃ. Khoti padapūraṇamatte, avadhāraṇe ādikālatthe vā nipāto. Bhagavāti lokagarudīpanaṃ. Bhikkhūti kathāsavanayuttapuggalavacanaṃ. Apicettha ‘‘bhikkhakoti bhikkhu, bhikkhācariyaṃ ajjhūpagatoti bhikkhū’’tiādinā (pārā. 45; vibha. 510) nayena vacanattho veditabbo. Āmantesīti ālapi, abhāsi, sambodhesi, ayamettha attho. Aññatra pana ñāpanepi hoti. Yathāha – ‘‘āmantayāmi vo, bhikkhave, paṭivedayāmi vo, bhikkhave’’ti. Pakkosanepi. Yathāha – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena sāriputtaṃ āmantehī’’ti (a. ni. 9.11). Bhikkhavoti āmantanākāradīpanaṃ. Tañca bhikkhanasīlatādiguṇayogasiddhattā vuttaṃ. Bhikkhanasīlatāguṇayuttopi hi bhikkhu, bhikkhanadhammatāguṇayuttopi bhikkhane sādhukāritāguṇayuttopīti saddavidū maññanti. Tena ca tesaṃ bhikkhanasīlatādiguṇayogasiddhena vacanena hīnādhikajanasevitavuttiṃ pakāsento uddhatadīnabhāvaniggahaṃ karoti. ‘‘Bhikkhavo’’ti iminā ca karuṇāvipphārasommahadayanayananipātapubbaṅgamena vacanena te attano abhimukhe karonto teneva kathetukamyatādīpakena nesaṃ vacanena sotukamyataṃ janeti, teneva ca sambodhanatthena sādhukaṃ manasikārepi niyojeti. Sādhukaṃ manasikārāyattā hi sāsanasampatti.

Aparesupi devamanussesu vijjamānesu kasmā bhikkhūyeva āmantesīti ce? Jeṭṭhaseṭṭhāsannasadāsannihitabhāvato. Sabbaparisasādhāraṇā hi bhagavato dhammadesanā, parisāya jeṭṭhā bhikkhū paṭhamaṃ uppannattā, seṭṭhā anagāriyabhāvaṃ ādiṃ katvā satthucariyānuvidhāyakattā sakalasāsanapaṭiggāhakattā ca, āsannā tattha nisinnesu satthusantikattā, sadāsannihitā satthusantikāvacarattāti. Apica te dhammadesanāya bhājanaṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattisabbhāvato. Visesato ca ekacce bhikkhūyeva sandhāya ayaṃ desanāpīti evaṃ āmantesi.

2. Vibhaṅgasuttaṃ

2. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi vibhajissāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo? Avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ; viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ; nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ; saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso; phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko; ayaṃ vuccati jarā. Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālakiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo ( ) (jīvitindriyassa upacchedo) (syā. kaṃ.) evamuparipi, aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana na dissati, idaṃ vuccati maraṇaṃ. Iti ayañca jarā, idañca maraṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jāti sañjāti okkanti nibbatti abhinibbatti khandhānaṃ pātubhāvo āyatanānaṃ paṭilābho. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jāti.

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, bhavo? Tayo me, bhikkhave, bhavā – kāmabhavo, rūpabhavo, arūpabhavo. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhavo.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ? Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, upādānāni – kāmupādānaṃ, diṭṭhupādānaṃ, sīlabbatupādānaṃ, attavādupādānaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, taṇhā? Chayime, bhikkhave, taṇhākāyā – rūpataṇhā, saddataṇhā, gandhataṇhā, rasataṇhā, phoṭṭhabbataṇhā, dhammataṇhā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, taṇhā.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, vedanā? Chayime, bhikkhave, vedanākāyā – cakkhusamphassajā vedanā, sotasamphassajā vedanā, ghānasamphassajā vedanā, jivhāsamphassajā vedanā, kāyasamphassajā vedanā, manosamphassajā vedanā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, vedanā.

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, phasso? Chayime, bhikkhave, phassakāyā – cakkhusamphasso, sotasamphasso, ghānasamphasso, jivhāsamphasso, kāyasamphasso, manosamphasso. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, phasso.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, saḷāyatanaṃ? Cakkhāyatanaṃ, sotāyatanaṃ, ghānāyatanaṃ, jivhāyatanaṃ, kāyāyatanaṃ, manāyatanaṃ – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saḷāyatanaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ? Vedanā, saññā, cetanā, phasso, manasikāro – idaṃ vuccati nāmaṃ. Cattāro ca mahābhūtā, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati rūpaṃ. Iti idañca nāmaṃ, idañca rūpaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ? Chayime, bhikkhave, viññāṇakāyā – cakkhuviññāṇaṃ, sotaviññāṇaṃ, ghānaviññāṇaṃ, jivhāviññāṇaṃ, kāyaviññāṇaṃ, manoviññāṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ.

‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā? Tayome, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā – kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāro, cittasaṅkhāro. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, avijjā? Yaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, avijjā.

‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

2. Dutiyepi vuttanayeneva suttanikkhepo veditabbo. Ayaṃ pana viseso – paṭhamaṃ ugghaṭitaññūpuggalānaṃ vasena saṅkhepato dassitaṃ, idaṃ vipañcitaññūnaṃ vasena vitthāratoti. Imasmiñca pana sutte catasso vallihārakapurisūpamā vattabbā, tā visuddhimagge vuttā eva. Yathā hi vallihārako puriso valliyā aggaṃ disvā tadanusārena mūlaṃ pariyesanto taṃ disvā valliṃ mūle chetvā ādāya kamme upaneyya, evaṃ bhagavā vitthāradesanaṃ desento paṭiccasamuppādassa aggabhūtā jarāmaraṇā paṭṭhāya yāva mūlabhūtaṃ avijjāpadaṃ, tāva desanaṃ āharitvā puna vaṭṭavivaṭṭaṃ desento niṭṭhapesi.

Tatrāyaṃ jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ vitthāradesanāya atthanicchayo – jarāmaraṇaniddese tāva tesaṃ tesanti ayaṃ saṅkhepato anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddesoti viññātabbo. Yā devadattassa jarā, yā somadattassāti evañhi divasampi kathentassa neva sattā pariyādānaṃ gacchanti. Imehi pana dvīhi padehi na koci satto apariyādinno hoti. Tasmā vuttaṃ, ‘‘ayaṃ saṅkhepato anekesaṃ sattānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso’’ti. Tamhi tamhīti ayaṃ gatijātivasena anekesaṃ sattanikāyānaṃ sādhāraṇaniddeso. Sattanikāyeti sādhāraṇaniddesena niddiṭṭhassa sarūpanidassanaṃ. Jarā jīraṇatātiādīsu pana jarāti sabhāvaniddeso. Jīraṇatāti ākāraniddeso. Khaṇḍiccantiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā, pacchimā dve pakatiniddesā. Ayañhi jarāti iminā padena sabhāvato dīpitā, tenassāyaṃ sabhāvaniddeso. Jīraṇatāti iminā ākārato, tenassāyaṃ ākāraniddeso. Khaṇḍiccanti iminā kālātikkame dantanakhānaṃ khaṇḍitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. Pāliccanti iminā kesalomānaṃ palitabhāvakaraṇakiccato. Valittacatāti iminā maṃsaṃ milāpetvā tacavalibhāvakaraṇakiccato dīpitā. Tenassā ime khaṇḍiccantiādayo tayo kālātikkame kiccaniddesā. Tehi imesaṃ vikārānaṃ dassanavasena pākaṭībhūtā pākaṭajarā dassitā. Yatheva hi udakassa vā vātassa vā aggino vā tiṇarukkhādīnaṃ saṃbhaggapalibhaggatāya vā jhāmatāya vā gatamaggo pākaṭo hoti, na ca so gatamaggo tāneva udakādīni, evameva jarāya dantādīsu khaṇḍiccādivasena gatamaggo pākaṭo, cakkhuṃ ummīletvāpi gayhati na ca khaṇḍiccādīneva jarā. Na hi jarā cakkhuviññeyyā hoti.

Āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripākoti imehi pana padehi kālātikkameyeva abhibyattāya āyukkhaya-cakkhādiindriya-paripākasaññitāya pakatiyā dīpitā. Tenassime pacchimā dve pakatiniddesāti veditabbā. Tattha yasmā jaraṃ pattassa āyu hāyati, tasmā jarā ‘‘āyuno saṃhānī’’ti phalūpacārena vuttā. Yasmā ca daharakāle suppasannāni sukhumampi attano visayaṃ sukheneva gaṇhanasamatthāni cakkhādīni indriyāni jaraṃ pattassa paripakkāni āluḷitāni avisadāni, oḷārikampi attano visayaṃ gahetuṃ asamatthāni honti, tasmā ‘‘indriyānaṃ paripāko’’ti phalūpacāreneva vuttā.

3. Paṭipadāsuttaṃ

3. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘micchāpaṭipadañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi sammāpaṭipadañca. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, micchāpaṭipadā? Avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, micchāpaṭipadā.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, sammāpaṭipadā? Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāpaṭipadā’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

3. Tatiye micchāpaṭipadanti ayaṃ tāva aniyyānikapaṭipadā. Nanu ca avijjāpaccayā puññābhisaṅkhāropi atthi āneñjābhisaṅkhāropi, so kathaṃ micchāpaṭipadā hotīti. Vaṭṭasīsattā. Yañhi kiñci bhavattayasaṅkhātaṃ vaṭṭaṃ patthetvā pavattitaṃ, antamaso pañcābhiññā aṭṭha vā pana samāpattiyo, sabbaṃ taṃ vaṭṭapakkhiyaṃ vaṭṭasīsanti vaṭṭasīsattā micchāpaṭipadāva hoti. Yaṃ pana kiñci vivaṭṭaṃ nibbānaṃ patthetvā pavattitaṃ, antamaso uḷuṅkayāgumattadānampi paṇṇamuṭṭhidānamattampi, sabbaṃ taṃ vivaṭṭapakkhiyaṃ vivaṭṭanissitaṃ, vivaṭṭapakkhikattā sammāpaṭipadāva hoti. Appamattakampi hi paṇṇamuṭṭhimattadānakusalaṃ vā hotu mahantaṃ velāmadānādikusalaṃ vā, sace vaṭṭasampattiṃ patthetvā vaṭṭanissitavasena micchā ṭhapitaṃ hoti, vaṭṭameva āharituṃ sakkoti, no vivaṭṭaṃ. ‘‘Idaṃ me dānaṃ āsavakkhayāvahaṃ hotū’’ti evaṃ pana vivaṭṭaṃ patthentena vivaṭṭavasena sammā ṭhapitaṃ arahattampi paccekabodhiñāṇampi sabbaññutaññāṇampi dātuṃ sakkotiyeva, na arahattaṃ appatvā pariyosānaṃ gacchati. Iti anulomavasena micchāpaṭipadā, paṭilomavasena sammāpaṭipadā desitāti veditabbā. Nanu cettha paṭipadā pucchitā, nibbānaṃ bhājitaṃ, niyyātanepi paṭipadāva niyyātitā. Na ca nibbānassa paṭipadāti nāmaṃ, savipassanānaṃ pana catunnaṃ maggānametaṃ nāmaṃ, tasmā pucchāniyyātanehi padabhājanaṃ na sametīti. No na sameti, kasmā? Phalena paṭipadāya dassitattā. Phalena hettha paṭipadā dassitā. ‘‘Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’ti etaṃ nirodhasaṅkhātaṃ nibbānaṃ yassā paṭipadāya phalaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, sammāpaṭipadāti ayamettha attho. Imasmiñca atthe asesavirāganirodhāti ettha virāgo nirodhasseva vevacanaṃ, asesavirāgā asesanirodhāti ayañhettha adhippāyo. Yena vā virāgasaṅkhātena maggena asesanirodho hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ etaṃ padabhājanaṃ vuttaṃ. Evañhi sati sānubhāvā paṭipadā vibhattā hoti. Iti imasmimpi sutte vaṭṭavivaṭṭameva kathitanti. Tatiyaṃ.

3. Micchā paṭipajjati etāyāti micchāpaṭipadā, vaṭṭagāmimaggo dukkhāvahattā. Taṃ micchāpaṭipadaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘aniyyānikapaṭipadā’’**ti. So puññābhisaṅkhāro kathaṃ micchāpaṭipadā hotīti? Sampattibhave sukhāvahova hotīti adhippāyo. Vaṭṭasīsattāti vaṭṭapakkhiyānaṃ uttamaṅgabhāvato. Antamasoti ukkaṃsapariyantaṃ sandhāya vadati avakaṃsapariyantato. ‘‘Idaṃ me puññaṃ nibbānādhigamāya paccayo hotū’’ti evaṃ nibbānaṃ patthetvā pavattitaṃ. Paṇṇamuṭṭhidānamattanti sākapaṇṇamuṭṭhidānamattaṃ. Appatvāti antogadhahetu esa niddeso, apāpetvāti attho. Yadaggena vā paṭipajjanato arahattaṃ pattoti vuccati, tadaggena tadāvahā paṭipadāpi pattāti vuccatīti **‘‘appatvā’’**ti vuttaṃ. Anulomavasenāti anulomapaṭiccasamuppādavasena. Paṭilomavasenāti etthāpi eseva nayo. Paṭipadā pucchitāti etena paṭipadā desetuṃ āraddhāti ayampi attho saṅgahito yathāraddhassa atthassa kathetukamyatāpucchāya idhāgatattā. Anulomapaṭiccasamuppādadesanāyampettha byatirekamukhena avijjādinirodhā pana vijjāya sati hoti saṅkhārānaṃ asambhavoti vuttaṃ **‘‘nibbānaṃ bhājita’’**nti. Sarūpena pana tāya vaṭṭameva pakāsitaṃ. Vakkhati hi pariyosāne ‘‘vaṭṭavivaṭṭameva kathita’’nti. Niyyātaneti nigamane. Phalenāti pattabbaphalena paṭipadāya sampāpakahetuno dassitattā. Yathā hi tividho hetu ñāpako, nibbattako, sampāpakoti, evaṃ tividhaṃ phalaṃ ñāpetabbaṃ, nibbattetabbaṃ, sampāpetabbanti. Tasmā pattabbaphalena nibbānena taṃsampāpakahetubhūtāya paṭipadāya dassitattāti attho. Tenāha **‘‘phalena hetthā’’**tiādi. Ayaṃ vuccatīti evaṃ nibbānaphalā ayaṃ ‘‘sammāpaṭipadā’’ti vuccati. Asesavirāgā asesanirodhāti samucchedappahānavasena avijjāya asesavirajjanato asesanirujjhanato ca. Padadvayenapi anuppādanirodhameva vadati. Tañhi nibbānaṃ. Dutiyavikappe ayaṃ ettha adhippāyo – yena maggena karaṇabhūtena asesanirodho hoti, avijjāya asesanirodho yaṃ āgamma hoti, taṃ maggaṃ dassetunti. Evañhi satīti evaṃ padabhājanassa nibbānassa padatthe sati. Sānubhāvā paṭipadā vibhattā hotīti avijjāya asesanirodhahetupaṭipadā tattha sātisayasāmatthiyasamāyogato sānubhāvā vibhattā hoti. Micchāpaṭipadāgahaṇenettha vaṭṭassapi vibhattattā vuttaṃ **‘‘vaṭṭavivaṭṭameva kathita’’**nti.

4. Vipassīsuttaṃ

4. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa pubbeva sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi – ‘kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca. Atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassa. Kudāssu nāma imassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyissati jarāmaraṇassā’’’ti?

‘‘Atha kho bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇa’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jāti hoti, kiṃpaccayā jātī’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘bhave kho sati jāti hoti, bhavapaccayā jātī’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati bhavo hoti, kiṃpaccayā bhavo’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘upādāne kho sati bhavo hoti, upādānapaccayā bhavo’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā upādāna’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘taṇhāya kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’’’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati taṇhā hoti, kiṃpaccayā taṇhā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘vedanāya kho sati taṇhā hoti, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati vedanā hoti, kiṃpaccayā vedanā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘phasse kho sati vedanā hoti, phassapaccayā vedanā’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati phasso hoti, kiṃpaccayā phasso’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘saḷāyatane kho sati phasso hoti, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā saḷāyatana’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatana’’’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā nāmarūpa’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘viññāṇe kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā viññāṇa’nti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘saṅkhāresu kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati saṅkhārā honti, kiṃpaccayā saṅkhārā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘avijjāya kho sati saṅkhārā honti, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’’ti.

‘‘Iti hidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. ‘Samudayo, samudayo’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jāti na hoti, kissa nirodhā jātinirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘bhave kho asati jāti na hoti, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati bhavo na hoti, kissa nirodhā bhavanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘upādāne kho asati bhavo na hoti, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā upādānanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘taṇhāya kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati taṇhā na hoti, kissa nirodhā taṇhānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘vedanāya kho asati taṇhā na hoti, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati vedanā na hoti, kissa nirodhā vedanānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘phasse kho asati vedanā na hoti, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati phasso na hoti, kissa nirodhā phassanirodho’ti? Atha kho bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘saḷāyatane kho asati phasso na hoti, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘viññāṇe kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā viññāṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘saṅkhāresu kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati saṅkhārā na honti, kissa nirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘avijjāya kho asati saṅkhārā na honti, avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Iti hidaṃ avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotīti. ‘Nirodho, nirodho’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi’’. Catutthaṃ.

(Sattannampi buddhānaṃ evaṃ vitthāretabbo).

4. Catutthe vipassissāti tassa kira bodhisattassa yathā lokiyamanussānaṃ kiñcideva passantānaṃ parittakammābhinibbattassa kammajapasādassa dubbalattā akkhīni vipphandanti, na evaṃ vipphandiṃsu. Balavakammanibbattassa pana kammajapasādassa balavattā avipphandantehi animisehi eva akkhīhi passi seyyathāpi devā tāvatiṃsā. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘animisanto kumāro pekkhatīti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa ‘vipassī vipassī’tveva samaññā udapādī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.40). Ayañhettha adhippāyo – antarantarā nimisajanitandhakāravirahena visuddhaṃ passati, vivaṭehi vā akkhīhi passatīti vipassī. Ettha ca kiñcāpi pacchimabhavikānaṃ sabbabodhisattānaṃ balavakammanibbattassa kammajapasādassa balavattā akkhīni na vipphandanti, so pana bodhisatto eteneva nāmaṃ labhi.

Apica viceyya viceyya passatīti vipassī, vicinitvā vicinitvā passatīti attho. Ekadivasaṃ kira vinicchayaṭṭhāne nisīditvā atthe anusāsantassa rañño alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ mahāpurisaṃ āharitvā aṅke ṭhapayiṃsu. Tassa taṃ aṅke katvā palāḷayamānasseva amaccā sāmikaṃ assāmikaṃ akaṃsu. Bodhisatto anattamanasaddaṃ nicchāresi. Rājā ‘‘kimetaṃ upadhārethā’’ti āha. Upadhārayamānā aññaṃ adisvā ‘‘aṭṭassa dubbinicchitattā evaṃ kataṃ bhavissatī’’ti puna sāmikameva sāmikaṃ katvā ‘‘ñatvā nu kho kumāro evaṃ karotī’’ti? Vīmaṃsantā puna sāmikaṃ assāmikamakaṃsu. Puna bodhisatto tatheva saddaṃ nicchāresi. Atha rājā ‘‘jānāti mahāpuriso’’ti tato paṭṭhāya appamatto ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘viceyya viceyya kumāro atthe panāyati ñāyenāti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa kumārassa bhiyyosomattāya ‘vipassī vipassī’tveva samaññā udapādī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.41).

Bhagavatoti bhāgyasampannassa. Arahatoti rāgādiarīnaṃ hatattā, saṃsāracakkassa vā arānaṃ hatattā, paccayānaṃ vā arahattā arahāti evaṃ guṇato uppannanāmadheyyassa. Sammāsambuddhassāti sammā nayena hetunā sāmaṃ paccattapurisakārena cattāri saccāni buddhassa. Pubbeva sambodhāti sambodho vuccati catūsu maggesu ñāṇaṃ, tato pubbeva. Bodhisattasseva satoti ettha bodhīti ñāṇaṃ, bodhimā satto bodhisatto, ñāṇavā paññavā paṇḍitoti attho. Purimabuddhānañhi pādamūle abhinīhārato paṭṭhāya paṇḍitova so satto, na andhabāloti bodhisatto. Yathā vā udakato uggantvā ṭhitaṃ paripākagataṃ padumaṃ sūriyarasmisamphassena avassaṃ bujjhissatīti bujjhanakapadumanti vuccati, evaṃ buddhānaṃ santike byākaraṇassa laddhattā avassaṃ anantarāyena pāramiyo pūretvā bujjhissatīti bujjhanakasattotipi bodhisatto. Yā ca esā catumaggañāṇasaṅkhātā bodhi, taṃ patthayamāno pavattatīti bodhiyaṃ satto āsattotipi bodhisatto. Evaṃ guṇato uppannanāmavasena bodhisattasseva sato. Kicchanti dukkhaṃ. Āpannoti anuppatto. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – aho ayaṃ sattaloko dukkhaṃ anuppattoti. Cavati ca upapajjati cāti idaṃ aparāparaṃ cutipaṭisandhivasena vuttaṃ. Nissaraṇanti nibbānaṃ. Tañhi jarāmaraṇadukkhato nissaṭattā tassa nissaraṇanti vuccati. Kudāssu nāmāti katarasmiṃ nu kho kāle.

5. Sikhīsuttaṃ

5. Sikhissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa…pe….

6. Vessabhūsuttaṃ

6. Vessabhussa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa…pe….

7. Kakusandhasuttaṃ

7. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa…pe….

8. Koṇāgamanasuttaṃ

8. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa…pe….

9. Kassapasuttaṃ

9. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa…pe….

10. Gotamasuttaṃ

10. ‘‘Pubbeva me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi – ‘kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca. Atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassa. Kudāssu nāma imassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyissati jarāmaraṇassā’’’ti?

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇa’nti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jāti hoti…pe… bhavo… upādānaṃ… taṇhā… vedanā… phasso… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhārā honti, kiṃpaccayā saṅkhārā’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘avijjāya kho sati saṅkhārā honti, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’’ti.

‘‘Iti hidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. ‘Samudayo, samudayo’ti kho me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jāti na hoti…pe… bhavo… upādānaṃ… taṇhā… vedanā… phasso… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhārā na honti, kissa nirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘avijjāya kho asati saṅkhārā na honti, avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Iti hidaṃ avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. ‘Nirodho, nirodho’ti kho me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādī’’ti. Dasamo.

Buddhavaggo paṭhamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Desanā vibhaṅgapaṭipadā ca,

Vipassī sikhī ca vessabhū;

Kakusandho koṇāgamano kassapo,

Mahāsakyamuni ca gotamoti.

5-10. Pañcamādīsu sikhissa, bhikkhavetiādīnaṃ padānaṃ ‘‘sikhissapi, bhikkhave’’ti na evaṃ yojetvā attho veditabbo. Kasmā? Ekāsane adesitattā. Nānāṭhānesu hi etāni desitāni, attho pana sabbattha sadisoyeva. Sabbabodhisattānañhi bodhipallaṅke nisinnānaṃ na añño samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā devo vā māro vā brahmā vā ācikkhati – ‘‘atīte bodhisattā paccayākāraṃ sammasitvā buddhā jātā’’ti. Yathā pana paṭhamakappikakāle deve vuṭṭhe udakassa gatamaggeneva aparāparaṃ vuṭṭhiudakaṃ gacchati, evaṃ tehi tehi purimabuddhehi gatamaggeneva pacchimā pacchimā gacchanti. Sabbabodhisattā hi ānāpānacatutthajjhānato vuṭṭhāya paccayākāre ñāṇaṃ otāretvā taṃ anulomapaṭilomaṃ sammasitvā buddhā hontīti paṭipāṭiyā sattasu suttesu buddhavipassanā nāma kathitāti.

Buddhavaggo paṭhamo.

5-10. Na evaṃ yojetvāti ‘‘sikhissapī’’tiādinā samuccayavasena evaṃ na yojetvā. Kasmātiādinā tattha kāraṇaṃ vadati. Ekāsane adesitattāti vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭaṃ kātuṃ **‘‘nānāṭhānesu hī’’**tiādi vuttaṃ. Yadipi tāni visuṃ visuṃ vuttabhāvena desitāni, atthavaṇṇanā pana ekasadisā tadatthassa abhinnattā. ‘‘Buddhā jātā’’ti na añño ācikkhatīti yojanā. Na hi mahābodhisattānaṃ pacchimabhave paropadesena payojanaṃ atthi. Gatamaggenevāti paṭipattigamanena gatamaggeneva pacchimamahābodhisattā gacchanti, ayamettha dhammatā. Gacchantīti catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu patiṭṭhitacittā satta bojjhaṅge yāthāvato bhāvetvā sammāsambodhiyā abhisambujjhanavasena pavattantīti attho. Yathā pana tesaṃ paṭhamavipassanābhiniveso hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ **‘‘sabbabodhisattā hī’’**tiādi vuttaṃ. Buddhabhāvānaṃ vipassanā, buddhatthāya vā vipassanā buddhavipassanā.

Sikhīsuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Buddhavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Āhāravaggo

1. Āhārasuttaṃ

11. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme…pe… etadavoca – ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya. Katame cattāro? Kabaḷīkāro kabaḷiṃkāro (sī. pī.), kavaḷīkāro (syā. kaṃ.) āhāro – oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṃ catutthaṃ. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya’’.

‘‘Ime, bhikkhave, cattāro āhārā kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā? Ime cattāro āhārā taṇhānidānā taṇhāsamudayā taṇhājātikā taṇhāpabhavā. Taṇhā cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā? Taṇhā vedanānidānā vedanāsamudayā vedanājātikā vedanāpabhavā. Vedanā cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā? Vedanā phassanidānā phassasamudayā phassajātikā phassapabhavā. Phasso cāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo? Phasso saḷāyatananidāno saḷāyatanasamudayo saḷāyatanajātiko saḷāyatanapabhavo. Saḷāyatanañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ? Saḷāyatanaṃ nāmarūpanidānaṃ nāmarūpasamudayaṃ nāmarūpajātikaṃ nāmarūpapabhavaṃ. Nāmarūpañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ? Nāmarūpaṃ viññāṇanidānaṃ viññāṇasamudayaṃ viññāṇajātikaṃ viññāṇapabhavaṃ. Viññāṇañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ? Viññāṇaṃ saṅkhāranidānaṃ saṅkhārasamudayaṃ saṅkhārajātikaṃ saṅkhārapabhavaṃ. Saṅkhārā cime, bhikkhave, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā? Saṅkhārā avijjānidānā avijjāsamudayā avijjājātikā avijjāpabhavā.

‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

11. Āhāravaggassa paṭhame āhārāti paccayā. Paccayā hi āharanti attano phalaṃ, tasmā āhārāti vuccanti. Bhūtānaṃ vā sattānantiādīsu bhūtāti jātā nibbattā. Sambhavesinoti ye sambhavaṃ jātiṃ nibbattiṃ esanti gavesanti. Tattha catūsu yonīsu aṇḍajajalābujā sattā yāva aṇḍakosaṃ vatthikosañca na bhindanti, tāva sambhavesino nāma, aṇḍakosaṃ vatthikosañca bhinditvā bahi nikkhantā bhūtā nāma. Saṃsedajā opapātikā ca paṭhamacittakkhaṇe sambhavesino nāma, dutiyacittakkhaṇato pabhuti bhūtā nāma. Yena vā iriyāpathena jāyanti, yāva tato aññaṃ na pāpuṇanti, tāva sambhavesino nāma, tato paraṃ bhūtā nāma. Atha vā bhūtāti jātā abhinibbattā, ye bhūtā abhinibbattāyeva, na puna bhavissantīti saṅkhaṃ gacchanti, tesaṃ khīṇāsavānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sambhavamesantīti sambhavesino. Appahīnabhavasaṃyojanattā āyatimpi sambhavaṃ esantānaṃ sekkhaputhujjanānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Evaṃ sabbathāpi imehi dvīhi padehi sabbasatte pariyādiyati. Vāsaddo cettha sampiṇḍanattho, tasmā bhūtānañca sambhavesīnañcāti ayamattho veditabbo.

Ṭhitiyāti ṭhitatthaṃ. Anuggahāyāti anuggahatthaṃ. Vacanabhedoyeva cesa, attho pana dvinnampi padānaṃ ekoyeva. Atha vā ṭhitiyāti tassa tassa sattassa uppannadhammānaṃ anuppabandhavasena avicchedāya. Anuggahāyāti anuppannānaṃ uppādāya. Ubhopi cetāni ‘‘bhūtānaṃ vā ṭhitiyā ceva anuggahāya ca, sambhavesīnaṃ vā ṭhitiyā ceva anuggahāya cā’’ti evaṃ ubhayattha daṭṭhabbānīti.

Kabaḷīkāro āhāroti kabaḷaṃ katvā ajjhoharitabbako āhāro, odanakummāsādivatthukāya ojāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Oḷāriko vā sukhumo vāti vatthuoḷārikatāya oḷāriko, sukhumatāya sukhumo. Sabhāvena pana sukhumarūpapariyāpannattā kabaḷīkāro āhāro sukhumova hoti. Sāpi cassa vatthuto oḷārikatā sukhumatā ca upādāyupādāya veditabbā. Kumbhīlānañhi āhāraṃ upādāya morānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Kumbhīlā kira pāsāṇe gilanti, te ca nesaṃ kucchippattā vilīyanti. Morā sappavicchikādipāṇe khādanti. Morānaṃ pana āhāraṃ upādāya taracchānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te kira tivassachaḍḍitāni visāṇāni ceva aṭṭhīni ca khādanti, tāni ca nesaṃ kheḷena temitamattāneva kandamūlaṃ viya mudukāni honti. Taracchānaṃ āhāraṃ upādāya hatthīnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te hi nānārukkhasākhādayo khādanti. Hatthīnaṃ āhārato gavayagokaṇṇamigādīnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te kira nissārāni nānārukkhapaṇṇādīni khādanti. Tesampi āhārato gunnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Te allasukkhatiṇāni khādanti. Tesaṃ āhārato sasānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Sasānaṃ āhārato sakuṇānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Sakuṇānaṃ āhārato paccantavāsīnaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Paccantavāsīnaṃ āhārato gāmabhojakānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Gāmabhojakānaṃ āhārato rājarājamahāmattānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Tesampi āhārato cakkavattino āhāro sukhumo. Cakkavattino āhārato bhummānaṃ devānaṃ āhāro sukhumo. Bhummānaṃ devānaṃ āhārato cātumahārājikānaṃ. Evaṃ yāva paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ āhārā vitthāretabbā. Tesaṃ panāhāro sukhumotveva niṭṭhaṃ patto.

2. Moḷiyaphaggunasuttaṃ

12. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya. Katame cattāro? Kabaḷīkāro āhāro – oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṃ catutthaṃ. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāyā’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā moḷiyaphagguno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, viññāṇāhāraṃ āhāretī’’ti? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘‘āhāretī’ti ahaṃ na vadāmi. ‘Āhāretī’ti cāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, tatrassa kallo pañho – ‘ko nu kho, bhante, āhāretī’ti? Evaṃ cāhaṃ na vadāmi. Evaṃ maṃ avadantaṃ yo evaṃ puccheyya – ‘kissa nu kho, bhante, viññāṇāhāro’ti, esa kallo pañho. Tatra kallaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ – ‘viññāṇāhāro āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiyā paccayo, tasmiṃ bhūte sati saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’’’ti.

‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, phusatī’’ti? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘‘phusatī’ti ahaṃ na vadāmi. ‘Phusatī’ti cāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, tatrassa kallo pañho – ‘ko nu kho, bhante, phusatī’ti? Evaṃ cāhaṃ na vadāmi. Evaṃ maṃ avadantaṃ yo evaṃ puccheyya – ‘kiṃpaccayā nu kho, bhante, phasso’ti, esa kallo pañho. Tatra kallaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ – ‘saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso, phassapaccayā vedanā’’’ti.

‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, vedayatī’’ti vediyatīti (sī. pī. ka.)? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘‘vedayatī’ti ahaṃ na vadāmi. ‘Vedayatī’ti cāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, tatrassa kallo pañho – ‘ko nu kho, bhante, vedayatī’ti? Evaṃ cāhaṃ na vadāmi. Evaṃ maṃ avadantaṃ yo evaṃ puccheyya – ‘kiṃpaccayā nu kho, bhante, vedanā’ti, esa kallo pañho. Tatra kallaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ – ‘phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’’’ti.

‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, tasatī’’ti taṇhīyatīti (sī. syā. kaṃ.)? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘‘tasatī’ti ahaṃ na vadāmi. ‘Tasatī’ti cāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, tatrassa kallo pañho – ‘ko nu kho, bhante, tasatī’ti? Evaṃ cāhaṃ na vadāmi. Evaṃ maṃ avadantaṃ yo evaṃ puccheyya – ‘kiṃpaccayā nu kho, bhante, taṇhā’ti, esa kallo pañho. Tatra kallaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ – ‘vedanāpaccayā taṇhā, taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’’’nti.

‘‘Ko nu kho, bhante, upādiyatī’’ti? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca – ‘‘‘upādiyatī’ti ahaṃ na vadāmi. ‘Upādiyatī’ti cāhaṃ vadeyyaṃ, tatrassa kallo pañho – ‘ko nu kho, bhante, upādiyatī’ti? Evaṃ cāhaṃ na vadāmi. Evaṃ maṃ avadantaṃ yo evaṃ puccheyya – ‘kiṃpaccayā nu kho, bhante, upādāna’nti, esa kallo pañho. Tatra kallaṃ veyyākaraṇaṃ – ‘taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo’ti…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Channaṃ tveva, phagguna, phassāyatanānaṃ asesavirāganirodhā phassanirodho; phassanirodhā vedanānirodho; vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho; taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

12. Dutiye sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāyāti imasmiṃyeva ṭhāne bhagavā desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Kasmā? Diṭṭhigatikassa nisinnattā. Tassañhi parisati moḷiyaphagguno nāma bhikkhu diṭṭhigatiko nisinno. Atha satthā cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ uṭṭhahitvā maṃ pañhaṃ pucchissati, athassāhaṃ vissajjessāmī’’ti pucchāya okāsadānatthaṃ desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Moḷiyaphaggunoti moḷīti cūḷā vuccati. Yathāha –

‘‘Chetvāna moḷiṃ varagandhavāsitaṃ

Vehāyasaṃ ukkhipi sakyapuṅgavo;

Ratanacaṅkoṭavarena vāsavo,

Sahassanetto sirasā paṭiggahī’’ti.

Sā tassa gihikāle mahantā ahosi. Tenassa ‘‘moḷiyaphagguno’’ti saṅkhā udapādi. Pabbajitampi naṃ teneva nāmena sañjānanti. Etadavocāti desanānusandhiṃ ghaṭento etaṃ ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, viññāṇāhāraṃ āhāretī’’ti vacanaṃ avoca. Tassattho – bhante, ko nāma so, yo etaṃ viññāṇāhāraṃ khādati vā bhuñjati vāti?

Kasmā panāyaṃ itare tayo āhāre apucchitvā imameva pucchatīti? Jānāmīti laddhiyā. So hi mahante piṇḍe katvāva kabaḷīkārāhāraṃ bhuñjante passati, tenassa taṃ jānāmīti laddhi. Tittiravaṭṭakamorakukkuṭādayo pana mātusamphassena yāpente disvā ‘‘ete phassāhārena yāpentī’’ti tassa laddhi. Kacchapā pana attano utusamaye mahāsamuddato nikkhamitvā samuddatīre vālikantare aṇḍāni ṭhapetvā vālikāya paṭicchādetvā mahāsamuddameva otaranti. Tāni mātuanussaraṇavasena na pūtīni honti. Tāni manosañcetanāhārena yāpentīti tassa laddhi. Kiñcāpi therassa ayaṃ laddhi, na pana etāya laddhiyā imaṃ pañhaṃ pucchati. Diṭṭhigatiko hi ummattakasadiso. Yathā ummattako pacchiṃ gahetvā antaravīthiṃ otiṇṇo gomayampi pāsāṇampi gūthampi khajjakhaṇḍampi taṃ taṃ manāpampi amanāpampi gahetvā pacchiyaṃ pakkhipati. Evameva diṭṭhigatiko yuttampi ayuttampi pucchati. So ‘‘kasmā imaṃ pucchasī’’ti na niggahetabbo, pucchitapucchitaṭṭhāne pana gahaṇameva nisedhetabbaṃ. Teneva naṃ bhagavā ‘‘kasmā evaṃ pucchasī’’ti avatvā gahitagāhameva tassa mocetuṃ no kallo pañhotiādimāha.

3. Samaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

13. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti; jātiṃ…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre nappajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā; na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ brāhmaññatthaṃ (syā. kaṃ.) moggallānabyākaraṇaṃ oloketabbaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti; jātiṃ…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre pajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti, te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā; te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

13. Tatiye samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vāti saccāni paṭivijjhituṃ asamatthā bāhirakasamaṇabrāhmaṇā. Jarāmaraṇaṃ nappajānantītiādīsu jarāmaraṇaṃ na jānanti dukkhasaccavasena, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ na jānanti saha taṇhāya jāti jarāmaraṇassa samudayoti samudayasaccavasena, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ na jānanti nirodhasaccavasena, paṭipadaṃ na jānanti maggasaccavasena. Jātiṃ na jānanti dukkhasaccavasena, jātisamudayaṃ na jānanti saha taṇhāya bhavo jātisamudayoti samudayasaccavasena. Evaṃ saha taṇhāya samudayaṃ yojetvā sabbapadesu catusaccavasena attho veditabbo. Sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vāti ettha ariyamaggo sāmaññañceva brahmaññañca. Ubhayatthāpi pana attho nāma ariyaphalaṃ veditabbaṃ. Iti bhagavā imasmiṃ sutte ekādasasu ṭhānesu cattāri saccāni kathesīti. Tatiyaṃ.

13. Ye paccayasamavāye tenattabhāvena saccāni paṭivijjhituṃ samatthā, te bāhirakaliṅge ṭhitāpi teneva tattha samatthatāyogena bhāvinaṃ samitabāhitapāpataṃ apekkhitvā samaṇasammatāyeva brāhmaṇasammatāyevāti te nivattetuṃ **‘‘saccāni paṭivijjhituṃ asamatthā’’**ti vuttaṃ. Dukkhasaccavasenāti dukkhaariyasaccavasena. Aññathā kathaṃ bāhirakāpi jarāmaraṇaṃ dukkhanti na jānanti. Saccadesanābhāvato ‘‘saha taṇhāyā’’ti vuttanti keci. Taṃ na suṭṭhu. Yasmā tattha tattha bhave paṭhamābhinibbatti, idha jātīti adhippetā, sā ca taṇhā eva santānena, taṇheva sā jāti. Jarāmaraṇañcettha pākaṭameva adhippetaṃ, na khaṇikaṃ, tasmā sataṇhā eva jātijarāmaraṇassa samudayoti bhūtakathanametaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Samudayasaccavasena na jānantīti yojanā. Esa nayo sesapadesupi. Sabbapadesūti yattha taṇhā visesanabhāvena vattabbā, tesu sabbapadesu. Yena samannāgatattā puggalo paramatthato samaṇo brāhmaṇoti vuccati, taṃ sāmaññaṃ brahmaññañcāti āha **‘‘ariya…pe… brahmaññañcā’’**ti. Yena hi pavattinimittena samaṇa-saddo brāhmaṇa-saddo ca sake atthe niruḷho, tassa vasena abhinnopi veneyyajjhāsayato dvidhā katvā vattuṃ arahatīti vuttaṃ **‘‘ubhayatthāpī’’**ti. Ekādasasu ṭhānesu cattāri saccāni kathesi avijjāsamudayassa anuddhaṭattā.

Samaṇabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

14. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ime dhamme nappajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ samudayaṃ nappajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhaṃ nappajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti, katame dhamme nappajānanti, katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ samudayaṃ nappajānanti, katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhaṃ nappajānanti, katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti’’?

‘‘Jarāmaraṇaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti; jātiṃ…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre nappajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti. Ime dhamme nappajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ samudayaṃ nappajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhaṃ nappajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti. Na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ime dhamme pajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ samudayaṃ pajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhaṃ pajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti, katame dhamme pajānanti, katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ samudayaṃ pajānanti, katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhaṃ pajānanti, katamesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti?

‘‘Jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti; jātiṃ…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre pajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti. Ime dhamme pajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ samudayaṃ pajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhaṃ pajānanti, imesaṃ dhammānaṃ nirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti. Te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā, brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā. Te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

14. Catutthe ime dhamme katame dhammeti ettakaṃ papañcaṃ katvā kathitaṃ, desanaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ samatthānaṃ puggalānaṃ ajjhāsayena ime dhamme nappajānantītiādi vuttaṃ. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva. Catutthaṃ.

14. Ime dhamme katame dhammeti ca ettha iti-saddo ādiattho. Tena ‘‘imesaṃ dhammānaṃ katamesaṃ dhammāna’’nti imesaṃ padānaṃ saṅgaho. Etāni hi padāni jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ sādhāraṇabhāvena vuttāni imissā desanāya papañcabhūtānīti āha **‘‘ettakaṃ papañcaṃ katvā kathitaṃ, desanaṃ…pe… ajjhāsayenā’’**ti. Iminā tāneva jarāmaraṇādīni gahetvā puggalajjhāsayavasena ādito ‘‘ime dhamme’’tiādinā sabbapadasādhāraṇato desanā āraddhā. Yathānulomasāsanañhi suttantadesanā, na yathādhammasāsananti.

Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Kaccānagottasuttaṃ

15. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā kaccānagotto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā kaccānagotto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘sammādiṭṭhi sammādiṭṭhī’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, sammādiṭṭhi hotī’’ti?

‘‘Dvayanissito khvāyaṃ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena – atthitañceva natthitañca. Lokasamudayaṃ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato yā loke natthitā sā na hoti. Lokanirodhaṃ kho, kaccāna, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato yā loke atthitā sā na hoti. Upayupādānābhinivesavinibandho upāyupādānābhinivesavinibandho (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) khvāyaṃ, kaccāna, loko yebhuyyena. Tañcāyaṃ upayupādānaṃ cetaso adhiṭṭhānaṃ abhinivesānusayaṃ na upeti na upādiyati nādhiṭṭhāti – ‘attā me’ti. ‘Dukkhameva uppajjamānaṃ uppajjati, dukkhaṃ nirujjhamānaṃ nirujjhatī’ti na kaṅkhati na vicikicchati aparapaccayā ñāṇamevassa ettha hoti. Ettāvatā kho, kaccāna, sammādiṭṭhi hoti.

‘‘‘Sabbaṃ atthī’ti kho, kaccāna, ayameko anto. ‘Sabbaṃ natthī’ti ayaṃ dutiyo anto. Ete te, kaccāna, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

15. Pañcame sammādiṭṭhi sammādiṭṭhīti yaṃ paṇḍitā devamanussā tesu tesu ṭhānesu sammādassanaṃ vadanti, sabbampi taṃ dvīhi padehi saṅkhipitvā pucchati. Dvayanissitoti dve koṭṭhāse nissito. Yebhuyyenāti iminā ṭhapetvā ariyapuggale sesamahājanaṃ dasseti. Atthitanti sassataṃ. Natthitanti ucchedaṃ. Lokasamudayanti loko nāma saṅkhāraloko, tassa nibbatti. Sammappaññāya passatoti sammāpaññā nāma savipassanā maggapaññā, tāya passantassāti attho. Yā loke natthitāti saṅkhāraloke nibbattesu dhammesu paññāyantesveva yā natthīti ucchedadiṭṭhi uppajjeyya, sā na hotīti attho. Lokanirodhanti saṅkhārānaṃ bhaṅgaṃ. Yā loke atthitāti saṅkhāraloke bhijjamānesu dhammesu paññāyantesveva yā atthīti sassatadiṭṭhi uppajjeyya, sā na hotīti attho.

Apica lokasamudayanti anulomapaccayākāraṃ. Lokanirodhanti paṭilomapaccayākāraṃ. Lokanissaye passantassāpi hi paccayānaṃ anucchedena paccayuppannassa anucchedaṃ passato yā natthīti ucchedadiṭṭhi uppajjeyya, sā na hoti. Paccayanirodhaṃ passantassāpi paccayanirodhena paccayuppannanirodhaṃ passato yā atthīti sassatadiṭṭhi uppajjeyya, sā na hotīti ayampettha attho.

Upayupādānābhinivesavinibandhoti upayehi ca upādānehi ca abhinivesehi ca vinibandho. Tattha upayāti dve upayā taṇhupayo ca diṭṭhupayo ca. Upādānādīsupi eseva nayo. Taṇhādiṭṭhiyo hi yasmā ahaṃ mamantiādīhi ākārehi tebhūmakadhamme upenti upagacchanti, tasmā upayāti vuccanti. Yasmā pana te dhamme upādiyanti ceva abhinivisanti ca, tasmā upādānāti ca abhinivesāti ca vuccanti. Tāhi cāyaṃ loko vinibandho. Tenāha ‘‘upayupādānābhinivesavinibandho’’ti.

Tañcāyanti tañca upayupādānaṃ ayaṃ ariyasāvako. Cetaso adhiṭṭhānanti cittassa patiṭṭhānabhūtaṃ. Abhinivesānusayanti abhinivesabhūtañca anusayabhūtañca. Taṇhādiṭṭhīsu hi akusalacittaṃ patiṭṭhāti, tā ca tasmiṃ abhinivisanti ceva anusenti ca, tasmā tadubhayaṃ cetaso adhiṭṭhānaṃ abhinivesānusayanti ca āha. Na upetīti na upagacchati. Na upādiyatīti na gaṇhāti. Nādhiṭṭhātīti na adhiṭṭhāti, kinti? Attā meti. Dukkhamevāti pañcupādānakkhandhamattameva. Na kaṅkhatīti ‘‘dukkhameva uppajjati, dukkhaṃ nirujjhati, na añño ettha satto nāma atthī’’ti kaṅkhaṃ na karoti. Na vicikicchatīti na vicikicchaṃ uppādeti.

6. Dhammakathikasuttaṃ

16. Sāvatthiyaṃ …pe… atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘dhammakathiko dhammakathiko’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, dhammakathiko hotī’’ti?

‘‘Jarāmaraṇassa ce bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, ‘dhammakathiko bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Jarāmaraṇassa ce bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, ‘dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Jarāmaraṇassa ce bhikkhu nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādāvimutto hoti, ‘diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya.

‘‘Jātiyā ce bhikkhu…pe… bhavassa ce bhikkhu… upādānassa ce bhikkhu… taṇhāya ce bhikkhu… vedanāya ce bhikkhu… phassassa ce bhikkhu… saḷāyatanassa ce bhikkhu… nāmarūpassa ce bhikkhu… viññāṇassa ce bhikkhu… saṅkhārānaṃ ce bhikkhu… avijjāya ce bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, ‘dhammakathiko bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Avijjāya ce bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, ‘dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāya. Avijjāya ce bhikkhu nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādāvimutto hoti, ‘diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhū’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti.

16. Chaṭṭhe nibbidāyāti nibbindanatthāya. Virāgāyāti virajjanatthāya. Nirodhāyāti nirujjhanatthāya. Paṭipanno hotīti ettha sīlato paṭṭhāya yāva arahattamaggā paṭipannoti veditabbo. Dhammānudhammappaṭipannoti lokuttarassa nibbānadhammassa anudhammabhūtaṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno. Anudhammabhūtanti anurūpasabhāvabhūtaṃ. Nibbidā virāgā nirodhāti nibbidāya ceva virāgena ca nirodhena ca. Anupādā vimuttoti catūhi upādānehi kiñci dhammaṃ anupādiyitvā vimutto. Diṭṭhadhammanibbānappattoti diṭṭheva dhamme nibbānappatto. Alaṃ vacanāyāti, evaṃ vattabbataṃ arahati, yutto anucchavikoti attho. Evamettha ekena nayena dhammakathikassa pucchā kathitā, dvīhi taṃ visesetvā sekkhāsekkhabhūmiyo niddiṭṭhāti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

16. Nibbindanatthāyāti nibbidānupassanāpaṭilābhāya. Sā hi jarāmaraṇasīsena vuttesu saṅkhatadhammesu nibbindanākārena pavattati. Virajjanatthāyāti virāgānupassanāpaṭilābhāya. Sīlato paṭṭhāyāti vivaṭṭasannissitasīlasamādānato paṭṭhāya. Sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato vivaṭṭasannissitasīle patiṭṭhito upāsakopi pageva catupārisuddhisīle patiṭṭhito bhikkhu sammāpaṭipanno nāma. Tenāha **‘‘yāva arahattamaggā paṭipannoti veditabbo’’**ti. Nibbānadhammassāti nibbānāvahassa ariyassa maggassa. Anurūpasabhāvabhūtanti nibbānādhigamassa anucchavikasabhāvabhūtaṃ. Nibbidāti iminā vuṭṭhānagāminipariyosānaṃ vipassanaṃ vadati. Virāgā nirodhāti padadvayena ariyamaggaṃ, itarena phalaṃ. Etthāti imasmiṃ sutte. Ekena nayenāti paṭhamena nayena. Tattha hi bhagavā tena bhikkhunā dhammakathikalakkhaṇaṃ pucchito taṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā vissajjesi. Yo hi vipassanaṃ maggaṃ anupādāvimuttiṃ pāpetvā kathetuṃ sakkoti, so ekantadhammakathiko. Tenāha **‘‘dhammakathikassa pucchā kathitā’’**ti. Dvīhīti dutiyatatiyanayehi. Tanti pucchaṃ. Visesetvāti visiṭṭhaṃ katvā. Yathāpucchitamattameva akathetvā apucchitampi atthaṃ dassento dhammānudhammapaṭipattiṃ anupādāya vimuttisaṅkhātaṃ visesaṃ pāpetvā. Bhagavā hi appaṃ yācito bahuṃ dento uḷārapuriso viya dhammakathikalakkhaṇaṃ pucchito paṭiccasamuppādamukhena tañceva tato ca uttariṃ dhammānudhammapaṭipattiṃ anupādāvimuttañca vissajjesi. Tattha ‘‘nibbidāya…pe… dhammaṃ desetī’’ti iminā dhammadesanaṃ vāsanābhāgiyaṃ katvā dassesi. ‘‘Nirodhāya paṭipanno hotī’’ti iminā nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ, ‘‘anupādāvimutto hotī’’ti iminā desanaṃ asekkhabhāgiyaṃ katvā dassesi. Tenāha **‘‘sekkhāsekkhabhūmiyo niddiṭṭhā’’**ti.

7. Acelakassapasuttaṃ

17. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Addasā kho acelo kassapo bhagavantaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho acelo kassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘puccheyyāma mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ kañcideva kiñcideva (ka.) desaṃ, sace no bhavaṃ gotamo okāsaṃ karoti pañhassa veyyākaraṇāyā’’ti.

‘‘Akālo kho tāva, kassapa, pañhassa; antaragharaṃ paviṭṭhamhā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho acelo kassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca ‘‘puccheyyāma mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ kañcideva desaṃ, sace no bhavaṃ gotamo okāsaṃ karoti pañhassa veyyākaraṇāyā’’ti. ‘‘Akālo kho tāva, kassapa, pañhassa; antaragharaṃ paviṭṭhamhā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho acelo kassapo…pe… antaragharaṃ paviṭṭhamhāti. Evaṃ vutte, acelo kassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho pana mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ bahudeva pucchitukāmā’’ti. ‘‘Puccha, kassapa, yadākaṅkhasī’’ti.

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, ‘sayaṃkataṃ dukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, paraṃkataṃ dukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca dukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ pana bho gotama, asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, natthi dukkha’nti? ‘Na kho, kassapa, natthi dukkhaṃ. Atthi kho, kassapa, dukkha’nti. ‘Tena hi bhavaṃ gotamo dukkhaṃ na jānāti, na passatī’ti. ‘Na khvāhaṃ, kassapa, dukkhaṃ na jānāmi, na passāmi. Jānāmi khvāhaṃ, kassapa, dukkhaṃ; passāmi khvāhaṃ, kassapa, dukkha’’’nti.

‘‘Ki nu kho, bho gotama, ‘sayaṃkataṃ dukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, paraṃkataṃ dukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca dukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, kassapā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, natthi dukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘na kho, kassapa, natthi dukkhaṃ, atthi kho, kassapa, dukkha’nti vadesi. ‘Tena hi bhavaṃ gotamo dukkhaṃ na jānāti na passatī’ti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘na khvāhaṃ, kassapa, dukkhaṃ na jānāmi na passāmi. Jānāmi khvāhaṃ, kassapa, dukkhaṃ; passāmi khvāhaṃ, kassapa, dukkha’nti vadesi. Ācikkhatu ca ayaṃ cakāro sī. potthake natthi me, bhante, bhagavā dukkhaṃ. Desetu ca ayaṃ cakāro sī. potthake natthi me, bhante, bhagavā dukkha’’nti.

‘‘‘So karoti so paṭisaṃvedayatī’ti paṭisaṃvediyatīti (sī. pī. ka.) kho, kassapa, ādito sato ‘sayaṃkataṃ dukkha’nti iti vadaṃ sassataṃ etaṃ pareti. ‘Añño karoti añño paṭisaṃvedayatī’ti kho, kassapa, vedanābhitunnassa sato ‘paraṃkataṃ dukkha’nti iti vadaṃ ucchedaṃ etaṃ pareti. Ete te, kassapa, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, acelo kassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante! Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya…pe… cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Labheyyāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, labheyyaṃ upasampada’’nti.

‘‘Yo kho, kassapa, aññatitthiyapubbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye ākaṅkhati pabbajjaṃ, ākaṅkhati upasampadaṃ, so cattāro māse parivasati. Catunnaṃ māsānaṃ accayena accayena parivuṭṭhaparivāsaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) (parivutthaparivāsaṃ) āraddhacittā bhikkhū bhikkhū ākaṅkhamānā (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) pabbājenti upasampādenti bhikkhubhāvāya. Api ca mayā puggalavemattatā viditā’’ti.

‘‘Sace, bhante, aññatitthiyapubbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye ākaṅkhati pabbajjaṃ, ākaṅkhati upasampadaṃ, cattāro māse parivasati. Catunnaṃ māsānaṃ accayena accayena parivuṭṭhaparivāsaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) (parivutthaparivāsaṃ) āraddhacittā bhikkhū bhikkhū ākaṅkhamānā (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) pabbājenti upasampādenti bhikkhubhāvāya. Ahaṃ cattāri vassāni parivasissāmi, catunnaṃ vassānaṃ accayena accayena parivuṭṭhaparivāsaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) (parivutthaparivāsaṃ) āraddhacittā bhikkhū pabbājentu upasampādentu bhikkhubhāvāyā’’ti.

Alattha kho acelo kassapo bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ. Acirūpasampanno ca panāyasmā kassapo eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto nacirasseva – yassatthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ – brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja vihāsi. ‘‘Khīṇā jāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataro ca panāyasmā kassapo arahataṃ ahosīti. Sattamaṃ.

17. Sattame acelo kassapoti liṅgena acelo niccelo, nāmena kassapo. Dūratovāti mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena parivutaṃ āgacchantaṃ dūrato eva addasa. Kiñcideva desanti kiñcideva kāraṇaṃ. Okāsanti pañhabyākaraṇassa khaṇaṃ kālaṃ. Antaragharanti ‘‘na pallatthikāya antaraghare nisīdissāmī’’ti ettha antonivesanaṃ antaragharaṃ. ‘‘Okkhittacakkhu antaraghare gamissāmī’’ti ettha indakhīlato paṭṭhāya antogāmo. Idhāpi ayameva adhippeto. Yadākaṅkhasīti yaṃ icchasi.

Kasmā pana bhagavā kathetukāmo yāvatatiyaṃ paṭikkhipīti? Gāravajananatthaṃ. Diṭṭhigatikā hi khippaṃ kathiyamāne gāravaṃ na karonti, ‘‘samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ upasaṅkamitumpi pucchitumpi sukaraṃ, pucchitamatteyeva kathetī’’ti vacanampi na saddahanti. Dve tayo vāre paṭikkhitte pana gāravaṃ karonti, ‘‘samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ upasaṅkamitumpi pañhaṃ pucchitumpi dukkara’’nti yāvatatiyaṃ yācite kathiyamānaṃ sussūsanti saddahanti. Iti bhagavā ‘‘ayaṃ sussūsissati saddahissatī’’ti yāvatatiyaṃ yācāpetvā kathesi. Apica yathā bhisakko telaṃ vā phāṇitaṃ vā pacanto mudupākakharapākānaṃ pākakālaṃ āgamayamāno pākakālaṃ anatikkamitvāva otāreti. Evaṃ bhagavā sattānaṃ ñāṇaparipākaṃ āgamayamāno ‘‘ettakena kālena imassa ñāṇaṃ paripākaṃ gamissatī’’ti ñatvāva yāvatatiyaṃ yācāpesi.

Mā hevaṃ, kassapāti, kassapa, mā evaṃ bhaṇi. Sayaṃkataṃ dukkhanti hi vattuṃ na vaṭṭati, attā nāma koci dukkhassa kārako natthīti dīpeti. Paratopi eseva nayo. Adhiccasamuppannanti akāraṇena yadicchāya uppannaṃ. Iti puṭṭho samānoti kasmā evamāha? Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ ‘sayaṃkataṃ dukkha’ntiādinā puṭṭho ‘mā heva’nti vadati, ‘natthī’ti puṭṭho ‘atthī’ti vadati. ‘Bhavaṃ gotamo dukkhaṃ na jānāti na passatī’ti puṭṭho ‘jānāmi khvāha’nti vadati. Kiñci nu kho mayā virajjhitvā pucchito’’ti mūlato paṭṭhāya attano pucchameva sodhento evamāha. Ācikkhatu ca me, bhante, bhagavāti idha satthari sañjātagāravo ‘‘bhava’’nti avatvā ‘‘bhagavā’’ti vadati.

So karotītiādi, ‘‘sayaṃkataṃ dukkha’’nti laddhiyā paṭisedhanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Ettha ca satoti idaṃ bhummatthe sāmivacanaṃ, tasmā evamattho daṭṭhabbo – so karoti so paṭisaṃvedayatīti kho, kassapa, ādimhiyeva evaṃ sati pacchā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhanti ayaṃ laddhi hoti. Ettha ca dukkhanti vaṭṭadukkhaṃ adhippetaṃ. Iti vadanti etassa purimena ādisaddena anantarena ca sassatasaddena sambandho hoti. ‘‘Dīpeti gaṇhātī’’ti ayaṃ panettha pāṭhaseso. Idañhi vuttaṃ hoti – iti evaṃ vadanto āditova sassataṃ dīpeti, sassataṃ gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Tassa hi taṃ dassanaṃ etaṃ pareti, kārakañca vedakañca ekameva gaṇhantaṃ etaṃ sassataṃ upagacchatīti attho.

8. Timbarukasuttaṃ

18. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho timbaruko paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho timbaruko paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, paraṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca sukhadukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ sukhadukkha’nti? ‘Mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, natthi sukhadukkha’nti? ‘Na kho, timbaruka, natthi sukhadukkhaṃ; atthi kho, timbaruka, sukhadukkha’nti. ‘Tena hi bhavaṃ gotamo sukhadukkhaṃ na jānāti, na passatī’ti? ‘Na khvāhaṃ, timbaruka, sukhadukkhaṃ na jānāmi, na passāmi. Jānāmi khvāhaṃ, timbaruka, sukhadukkhaṃ; passāmi khvāhaṃ, timbaruka, sukhadukkha’’’nti.

‘‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, paraṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca sukhadukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ sukhadukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘mā hevaṃ, timbarukā’ti vadesi. ‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, natthi sukhadukkha’nti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘na kho, timbaruka, natthi sukhadukkhaṃ; atthi kho, timbaruka, sukhadukkha’nti vadesi. ‘Tena hi bhavaṃ gotamo sukhadukkhaṃ na jānāti, na passatī’ti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘na khvāhaṃ, timbaruka, sukhadukkhaṃ na jānāmi, na passāmi. Jānāmi khvāhaṃ, timbaruka, sukhadukkhaṃ; passāmi khvāhaṃ, timbaruka, sukhadukkha’nti vadesi. Ācikkhatu ca me bhavaṃ gotamo sukhadukkhaṃ. Desetu ca me bhavaṃ gotamo sukhadukkha’’nti.

‘‘‘Sā vedanā, so vedayatī’ti kho, timbaruka, ādito sato ‘sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’nti evampāhaṃ na vadāmi. ‘Aññā vedanā, añño vedayatī’ti kho, timbaruka, vedanābhitunnassa sato ‘paraṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’nti evampāhaṃ na vadāmi. Ete te, timbaruka, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, timbaruko paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

18. Aṭṭhame sā vedanātiādi ‘‘sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’’nti laddhiyā nisedhanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Etthāpi satoti bhummattheyeva sāmivacanaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ atthadīpanā – ‘‘sā vedanā, so vediyatī’’ti kho, timbaruka, ādimhiyeva evaṃ sati ‘‘sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’’nti ayaṃ laddhi hoti. Evañhi sati vedanāya eva vedanā katā hoti. Evañca vadanto imissā vedanāya pubbepi atthitaṃ anujānāti, sassataṃ dīpeti sassataṃ gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Tassa hi taṃ dassanaṃ etaṃ pareti, etaṃ sassataṃ upagacchatīti attho. Purimañhi atthaṃ sandhāyevetaṃ bhagavatā vuttaṃ bhavissati, tasmā aṭṭhakathāyaṃ taṃ yojetvāvassa attho dīpito. Evampāhaṃ na vadāmīti ahaṃ ‘‘sā vedanā, so vediyatī’’ti evampi na vadāmi. ‘‘Sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’’nti evampi na vadāmīti attho.

Aññā vedanātiādi ‘‘paraṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’’nti laddhiyā paṭisedhanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Idhāpi ayaṃ atthayojanā –‘‘aññā vedanā añño vediyatī’’ti kho, timbaruka, ādimhiyeva evaṃ sati pacchā yā purimapakkhe kārakavedanā, sā ucchinnā. Tāya pana kataṃ añño vediyatīti evaṃ uppannāya ucchedadiṭṭhiyā saddhiṃ sampayuttāya vedanāya abhitunnassa sato ‘‘paraṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’’nti ayaṃ laddhi hoti. Evañca vadanto kārako ucchinno, aññena paṭisandhi gahitāti ucchedaṃ dīpeti, ucchedaṃ gaṇhāti. Kasmā? Tassa hi taṃ dassanaṃ etaṃ pareti, etaṃ ucchedaṃ upagacchatīti attho. Idhāpi hi imāni padāni aṭṭhakathāyaṃ āharitvā yojitāneva. Imasmiṃ sutte vedanāsukhadukkhaṃ kathitaṃ. Tañca kho vipākasukhadukkhameva vaṭṭatīti vuttaṃ. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

18. Yasmā timbaruko ‘‘vedanā attā. Attāva vedayatī’’ti evaṃladdhiko, tasmā tāya laddhiyā ‘‘sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkha’’nti vadati, taṃ paṭisaṃharituṃ bhagavā ‘‘sā vedanā’’tiādiṃ avoca. Tenāha **‘‘sā vedanātiādi sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkhanti laddhiyā nisedhanatthaṃ vutta’’**nti. Etthāpīti imasmimpi sutte. Tatrāti yaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘sā vedanā…pe… sukhadukkha’’nti, tasmiṃ pāṭhe. Ādimhiyevāti ettha bhummavacanena ‘‘ādito’’ti to-saddo na nissakkavacane. Eva-kārena kho-saddo avadhāraṇeti dasseti. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ anantarasutte vuttameva. Tattha pana ‘‘vedanāto añño attā, vedanāya kārako’’ti laddhikassa diṭṭhigatikassa vādo paṭikkhitto, idha ‘‘vedanā attā’’ti evaṃladdhikassāti ayameva viseso. Tenāha **‘‘evañhi sati vedanāya eva vedanā katā hotī’’**tiādi. Imissāti yāya vedanāya sukhadukkhaṃ kataṃ, imissā. Pubbepīti sassatākārato pubbepi. Purimañhi atthanti anantarasutte vuttaṃ atthaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyanti porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ. Tanti purimasutte vuttamatthaṃ. Assāti imassa suttassa. Yasmā timbaruko ‘‘vedanāva attā’’ti gaṇhāti, tasmā vuttaṃ **‘‘ahaṃ sā vedanā…pe… na vadāmī’’**ti.

9. Bālapaṇḍitasuttaṃ

19. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘avijjānīvaraṇassa, bhikkhave, bālassa taṇhāya sampayuttassa evamayaṃ kāyo samudāgato. Iti ayañceva kāyo bahiddhā ca nāmarūpaṃ, itthetaṃ dvayaṃ, dvayaṃ paṭicca phasso saḷevāyatanāni saḷāyatanāni (ka.), yehi phuṭṭho bālo sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati etesaṃ vā aññatarena’’.

‘‘Avijjānīvaraṇassa, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa taṇhāya sampayuttassa evamayaṃ kāyo samudāgato. Iti ayañceva kāyo bahiddhā ca nāmarūpaṃ, itthetaṃ dvayaṃ, dvayaṃ paṭicca phasso saḷevāyatanāni, yehi phuṭṭho paṇḍito sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati etesaṃ vā aññatarena’’.

‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, ko viseso ko adhippayāso adhippāyo (sī. pī. ka.), adhippāyaso (syā. kaṃ.) adhi + pa + yasu + ṇa + sī = adhippayāso kiṃ nānākaraṇaṃ paṇḍitassa bālenā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā, bhagavaṃnettikā, bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.

‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Yāya ca, bhikkhave, avijjāya nivutassa bālassa yāya ca taṇhāya sampayuttassa ayaṃ kāyo samudāgato, sā ceva avijjā bālassa appahīnā sā ca taṇhā aparikkhīṇā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na, bhikkhave, bālo acari brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Tasmā bālo kāyassa bhedā kāyūpago hoti, so kāyūpago samāno na parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. Na parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Yāya ca, bhikkhave, avijjāya nivutassa paṇḍitassa yāya ca taṇhāya sampayuttassa ayaṃ kāyo samudāgato, sā ceva avijjā paṇḍitassa pahīnā, sā ca taṇhā parikkhīṇā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Acari, bhikkhave, paṇḍito brahmacariyaṃ sammā dukkhakkhayāya. Tasmā paṇḍito kāyassa bhedā na kāyūpago hoti. So akāyūpago samāno parimuccati jātiyā jarāmaraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. Parimuccati dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, viseso, ayaṃ adhippayāso, idaṃ nānākaraṇaṃ paṇḍitassa bālena yadidaṃ brahmacariyavāso’’ti. Navamaṃ.

19. Navame avijjānīvaraṇassāti avijjāya nivāritassa. Evamayaṃ kāyo samudāgatoti evaṃ avijjāya nivāritattā taṇhāya ca sampayuttattāyeva ayaṃ kāyo nibbatto. Ayañceva kāyoti ayañcassa attano saviññāṇako kāyo. Bahiddhā ca nāmarūpanti bahiddhā ca paresaṃ saviññāṇako kāyo. Attano ca parassa ca pañcahi khandhehi chahi āyatanehi cāpi ayaṃ attho dīpetabbova. Itthetaṃ dvayanti evametaṃ dvayaṃ. Dvayaṃ paṭicca phassoti aññattha cakkhurūpādīni dvayāni paṭicca cakkhusamphassādayo vuttā, idha pana ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni. Mahādvayaṃ nāma kiretaṃ. Saḷevāyatanānīti saḷeva phassāyatanāni phassakāraṇāni. Yehi phuṭṭhoti yehi kāraṇabhūtehi āyatanehi uppannena phassena phuṭṭho. Aññatarenāti ettha paripuṇṇavasena aññataratā veditabbā. Tatrāti tasmiṃ bālapaṇḍitānaṃ kāyanibbattanādimhi. Ko adhippayāsoti ko adhikapayogo.

Bhagavaṃmūlakāti bhagavā mūlaṃ etesanti bhagavaṃmūlakā. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ime, bhante, amhākaṃ dhammā pubbe kassapasammāsambuddhena uppāditā, tasmiṃ parinibbute ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ añño samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ime dhamme uppādetuṃ samattho nāma nāhosi, bhagavatā pana no ime dhammā uppāditā. Bhagavantañhi nissāya mayaṃ ime dhamme ājānāma paṭivijjhāmāti evaṃ bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammāti. Bhagavaṃnettikāti bhagavā hi dhammānaṃ netā vinetā anunetā, yathāsabhāvato pāṭiyekkaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ nāmaṃ gahetvā dassetāti dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā nāma honti. Bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇāti catubhūmakadhammā sabbaññutaññāṇassa āpāthaṃ āgacchamānā bhagavati paṭisaranti nāmāti bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Paṭisarantīti samosaranti. Apica mahābodhimaṇḍe nisinnassa bhagavato paṭivedhavasena phasso āgacchati ‘‘ahaṃ bhagavā kinnāmo’’ti? Tvaṃ phusanaṭṭhena phasso nāma. Vedanā, saññā, saṅkhārā, viññāṇaṃ āgacchati ‘‘ahaṃ bhagavā kinnāma’’nti, tvaṃ vijānanaṭṭhena viññāṇaṃ nāmāti evaṃ catubhūmakadhammānaṃ yathāsabhāvato pāṭiyekkaṃ pāṭiyekkaṃ nāmaṃ gaṇhanto bhagavā dhamme paṭisaratīti bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātūti bhagavatova etassa bhāsitassa attho upaṭṭhātu, tumheyeva no kathetvā dethāti attho.

10. Paccayasuttaṃ

20. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘paṭiccasamuppādañca vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi paṭiccasamuppanne ca dhamme. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo? Jātipaccayā, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ. Uppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ anuppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ, ṭhitāva sā dhātu dhammaṭṭhitatā dhammaniyāmatā idappaccayatā. Taṃ tathāgato abhisambujjhati abhisameti. Abhisambujjhitvā abhisametvā ācikkhati deseti paññāpeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti. ‘Passathā’ti cāha – ‘jātipaccayā, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ’’’.

‘‘Bhavapaccayā, bhikkhave, jāti…pe… upādānapaccayā, bhikkhave, bhavo… taṇhāpaccayā, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ… vedanāpaccayā, bhikkhave, taṇhā… phassapaccayā, bhikkhave, vedanā… saḷāyatanapaccayā, bhikkhave, phasso… nāmarūpapaccayā, bhikkhave, saḷāyatanaṃ… viññāṇapaccayā, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ… saṅkhārapaccayā, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ… avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā uppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ anuppādā vā tathāgatānaṃ, ṭhitāva sā dhātu dhammaṭṭhitatā dhammaniyāmatā idappaccayatā. Taṃ tathāgato abhisambujjhati abhisameti. Abhisambujjhitvā abhisametvā ācikkhati deseti paññāpeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti. ‘Passathā’ti cāha ‘avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā’. Iti kho, bhikkhave, yā tatra tathatā avitathatā anaññathatā idappaccayatā – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppādo.

‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppannā dhammā? Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammaṃ. Jāti, bhikkhave, aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā. Bhavo, bhikkhave, anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno khayadhammo vayadhammo virāgadhammo nirodhadhammo. Upādānaṃ bhikkhave…pe… taṇhā, bhikkhave… vedanā, bhikkhave… phasso, bhikkhave… saḷāyatanaṃ, bhikkhave… nāmarūpaṃ, bhikkhave… viññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave… saṅkhārā, bhikkhave… avijjā, bhikkhave, aniccā saṅkhatā paṭiccasamuppannā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, paṭiccasamuppannā dhammā.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa ‘ayañca paṭiccasamuppādo, ime ca paṭiccasamuppannā dhammā’ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā honti, so vata pubbantaṃ vā paṭidhāvissati – ‘ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ nu khvāhaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) atītamaddhānaṃ, nanu kho ahosiṃ atītamaddhānaṃ, kiṃ nu kho ahosiṃ atītamaddhānaṃ, kathaṃ nu kho ahosiṃ atītamaddhānaṃ, kiṃ hutvā kiṃ ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ atītamaddhāna’nti; aparantaṃ vā upadhāvissati apadhāvissati (ka.) – ‘bhavissāmi nu kho ahaṃ anāgatamaddhānaṃ, nanu kho bhavissāmi anāgatamaddhānaṃ, kiṃ nu kho bhavissāmi anāgatamaddhānaṃ, kathaṃ nu kho bhavissāmi anāgatamaddhānaṃ, kiṃ hutvā kiṃ bhavissāmi nu kho ahaṃ anāgatamaddhāna’nti; etarahi vā paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ ajjhattaṃ kathaṃkathī bhavissati – ‘ahaṃ nu khosmi, no nu khosmi, kiṃ nu khosmi, kathaṃ nu khosmi, ayaṃ nu kho satto kuto āgato, so kuhiṃ gamissatī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Tathāhi, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa ayañca paṭiccasamuppādo ime ca paṭiccasamuppannā dhammā yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhā’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Āhāravaggo dutiyo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Āhāraṃ phagguno ceva, dve ca samaṇabrāhmaṇā;

Kaccānagotto dhammakathikaṃ, acelaṃ timbarukena ca;

Bālapaṇḍitato ceva, dasamo paccayena cāti.

20. Dasame paṭiccasamuppādañca vo bhikkhave, desessāmi paṭiccasamuppanne ca dhammeti satthā imasmiṃ sutte paccaye ca paccayanibbatte ca sabhāvadhamme desessāmīti ubhayaṃ ārabhi. Uppādā vā tathāgatānanti tathāgatānaṃ uppādepi, buddhesu uppannesu anuppannesupi jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ, jātiyeva jarāmaraṇassa paccayo. Ṭhitāva sā dhātūti ṭhitova so paccayasabhāvo, na kadāci jāti jarāmaraṇassa paccayo na hoti. Dhammaṭṭhitatā dhammaniyāmatāti imehipi dvīhi paccayameva katheti. Paccayena hi paccayuppannā dhammā tiṭṭhanti, tasmā paccayova ‘‘dhammaṭṭhitatā’’ti vuccati. Paccayo dhamme niyameti, tasmā ‘‘dhammaniyāmatā’’ti vuccati. Idappaccayatāti imesaṃ jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ paccayā idappaccayā, idappaccayāva idappaccayatā. Tanti taṃ paccayaṃ. Abhisambujjhatīti ñāṇena abhisambujjhati. Abhisametīti ñāṇena abhisamāgacchati. Ācikkhatīti katheti. Desetīti dasseti. Paññāpetīti jānāpeti. Paṭṭhapetīti ñāṇamukhe ṭhapeti. Vivaratīti vivaritvā dasseti. Vibhajatīti vibhāgato dasseti. Uttānīkarotīti pākaṭaṃ karoti. Passathāti cāhāti passatha iti ca vadati. Kinti? Jātipaccayā, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇantiādi.

Iti kho, bhikkhaveti evaṃ kho, bhikkhave. Yā tatrāti yā tesu ‘‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’ntiādīsu. Tathatātiādīni paccayākārasseva vevacanāni. So tehi tehi paccayehi anūnādhikeheva tassa tassa dhammassa sambhavato tathatāti, sāmaggiṃ upagatesu paccayesu muhuttampi tato nibbattānaṃ dhammānaṃ asambhavābhāvato avitathatāti, aññadhammapaccayehi aññadhammānuppattito anaññathatāti, jarāmaraṇādīnaṃ paccayato vā paccayasamūhato vā idappaccayatāti vutto. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho – imesaṃ paccayā idappaccayā, idappaccayā eva idappaccayatā, idappaccayānaṃ vā samūho idappaccayatā. Lakkhaṇaṃ panettha saddasatthato veditabbaṃ.

Aniccanti hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccaṃ. Ettha ca aniccanti na jarāmaraṇaṃ aniccaṃ, aniccasabhāvānaṃ pana khandhānaṃ jarāmaraṇattā aniccaṃ nāma jātaṃ. Saṅkhatādīsupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca saṅkhatanti paccayehi samāgantvā kataṃ. Paṭiccasamuppannanti paccaye nissāya uppannaṃ. Khayadhammanti khayasabhāvaṃ. Vayadhammanti vigacchanakasabhāvaṃ. Virāgadhammanti virajjanakasabhāvaṃ. Nirodhadhammanti nirujjhanakasabhāvaṃ. Jātiyāpi vuttanayeneva aniccatā veditabbā. Janakapaccayānaṃ vā kiccānubhāvakkhaṇe diṭṭhattā ekena pariyāyenettha aniccātiādīni yujjantiyeva. Bhavādayo aniccādisabhāvāyeva.

Sammappaññāyāti savipassanāya maggapaññāya. Pubbantanti purimaṃ atītanti attho. Ahosiṃ nu khotiādīsu ‘‘ahosiṃ nu kho nanu kho’’ti sassatākārañca adhiccasamuppattiākārañca nissāya atīte attano vijjamānatañca avijjamānatañca kaṅkhati. Kiṃ kāraṇanti na vattabbaṃ, ummattako viya bālaputhujjano yathā vā tathā vā pavattati. Kiṃ nu kho ahosinti jātiliṅgupapattiyo nissāya ‘‘khattiyo nu kho ahosiṃ, brāhmaṇavessasuddagahaṭṭhapabbajitadevamanussānaṃ aññataro’’ti kaṅkhati. Kathaṃ nu khoti saṇṭhānākāraṃ nissāya ‘‘dīgho nu kho ahosiṃ rassaodātakaṇhapamāṇikaappamāṇikādīnaṃ aññataro’’ti kaṅkhati. Keci pana ‘‘issaranimmānādīni nissāya ‘kena nu kho kāraṇena ahosi’nti hetuto kaṅkhatī’’ti vadanti. Kiṃ hutvā kiṃ ahosinti jātiādīni nissāya ‘‘khattiyo hutvā nu kho brāhmaṇo ahosiṃ…pe… devo hutvā manusso’’ti attano paramparaṃ kaṅkhati. Sabbattheva pana addhānanti kālādhivacanametaṃ. Aparantanti anāgataṃ antaṃ. Bhavissāmi nu kho nanu khoti sassatākārañca ucchedākārañca nissāya anāgate attano vijjamānatañca avijjamānatañca kaṅkhati. Sesamettha vuttanayameva.

3. Dasabalavaggo

1. Dasabalasuttaṃ

21. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dasabalasamannāgato, bhikkhave, tathāgato catūhi ca vesārajjehi samannāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavatteti – iti rūpaṃ iti rūpassa samudayo iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo, iti vedanā iti vedanāya samudayo iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo, iti saññā iti saññāya samudayo iti saññāya atthaṅgamo, iti saṅkhārā iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo, iti viññāṇaṃ iti viññāṇassa samudayo iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo. Iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati. Imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati. Yadidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

21. Dasabalavaggassa paṭhamaṃ dutiyasseva saṅkhepo.

21. Paṭhamaṃ dutiyasseva saṅkhepo paṭhamasutte saṅkhepavuttassa atthassa vitthāravasena dutiyasuttassa desitattā, tañca pana bhagavā paṭhamasuttaṃ saṅkhepato desesi, dutiyaṃ tato vitthārato. Paṭhamaṃ vā saṃkhittarucīnaṃ puggalānaṃ ajjhāsayena saṅkhepato desesi, dutiyaṃ pana attano ruciyā tato vitthārato. Sīhasamānavuttikā hi buddhā bhagavanto, te attano ruciyā kathentā attano thāmaṃ dassentāva kathenti, tasmā dutiyasuttavasena cettha atthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāma, tasmiṃ saṃvaṇṇite paṭhamaṃ saṃvaṇṇitameva hotīti adhippāyo.

Dasabalasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Dutiyadasabalasuttaṃ

22. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dasabalasamannāgato, bhikkhave, tathāgato catūhi ca vesārajjehi samannāgato āsabhaṃ ṭhānaṃ paṭijānāti, parisāsu sīhanādaṃ nadati, brahmacakkaṃ pavattetti – ‘iti rūpaṃ iti rūpassa samudayo iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo, iti vedanā iti vedanāya samudayo iti vedanāya atthaṅgamo, iti saññā iti saññāya samudayo iti saññāya atthaṅgamo, iti saṅkhārā iti saṅkhārānaṃ samudayo iti saṅkhārānaṃ atthaṅgamo, iti viññāṇaṃ iti viññāṇassa samudayo iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamo. Iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati; imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati. Yadidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti’’’.

‘‘Evaṃ svākkhāto, bhikkhave, mayā dhammo uttāno vivaṭo pakāsito chinnapilotiko. Evaṃ svākkhāte kho, bhikkhave, mayā dhamme uttāne vivaṭe pakāsite chinnapilotike alameva saddhāpabbajitena kulaputtena vīriyaṃ ārabhituṃ – ‘kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru nahāru (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) ca aṭṭhi ca avasissatu, sarīre upasussatu avasussatu ma. ni. 2.184 maṃsalohitaṃ. Yaṃ taṃ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṃ, na taṃ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatī’’’ti.

‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhikkhave, kusīto viharati vokiṇṇo pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi, mahantañca sadatthaṃ parihāpeti. Āraddhavīriyo ca kho, bhikkhave, sukhaṃ viharati pavivitto pāpakehi akusalehi dhammehi, mahantañca sadatthaṃ paripūreti. Na, bhikkhave, hīnena aggassa patti hoti. Aggena ca kho, bhikkhave, aggassa patti hoti. Maṇḍapeyyamidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ, satthā sammukhībhūto. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, vīriyaṃ ārabhatha appattassa pattiyā, anadhigatassa adhigamāya, asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāya. ‘Evaṃ no ayaṃ amhākaṃ pabbajjā avañjhā bhavissati saphalā saudrayā. Yesañca yesaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.), yesaṃ hi (pī. ka.) mayaṃ paribhuñjāma cīvara-piṇḍapātasenāsana-gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ tesaṃ te kārā amhesu mahapphalā bhavissanti mahānisaṃsā’ti – evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ. Attatthaṃ vā hi, bhikkhave, sampassamānena alameva appamādena sampādetuṃ; paratthaṃ vā hi, bhikkhave, sampassamānena alameva appamādena sampādetuṃ; ubhayatthaṃ vā hi, bhikkhave, sampassamānena alameva appamādena sampādetu’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

22. Dutiyaṃ bhagavatā attano ajjhāsayassa vasena vuttaṃ. Tattha dasabalasamannāgatoti dasahi balehi samannāgato. Balañca nāmetaṃ duvidhaṃ kāyabalañca ñāṇabalañca. Tesu tathāgatassa kāyabalaṃ hatthikulānusārena veditabbaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ porāṇehi –

‘‘Kāḷāvakañca gaṅgeyyaṃ, paṇḍaraṃ tambapiṅgalaṃ;

Gandhamaṅgalahemañca, uposathachaddantime dasā’’ti.(ma. ni. aṭṭha. 1.148; vibha. aṭṭha. 760); –

Imāni dasa hatthikulāni. Tattha kāḷāvakanti pakatihatthikulaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yaṃ dasannaṃ purisānaṃ kāyabalaṃ, taṃ ekassa kāḷāvakassa hatthino. Yaṃ dasannaṃ kāḷāvakānaṃ balaṃ, taṃ ekassa gaṅgeyyassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ gaṅgeyyānaṃ, taṃ ekassa paṇḍarassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ paṇḍarānaṃ, taṃ ekassa tambassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ tambānaṃ, taṃ ekassa piṅgalassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ piṅgalānaṃ, taṃ ekassa gandhahatthino. Yaṃ dasannaṃ gandhahatthīnaṃ, taṃ ekassa maṅgalassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ maṅgalānaṃ, taṃ ekassa hemavatassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ hemavatānaṃ, taṃ ekassa uposathassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ uposathānaṃ, taṃ ekassa chaddantassa. Yaṃ dasannaṃ chaddantānaṃ, taṃ ekassa tathāgatassa. Nārāyanasaṅghātabalantipi idameva vuccati. Tadetaṃ pakatihatthigaṇanāya hatthīnaṃ koṭisahassānaṃ, purisagaṇanāya dasannaṃ purisakoṭisahassānaṃ balaṃ hoti. Idaṃ tāva tathāgatassa kāyabalaṃ. ‘‘Dasabalasamannāgato’’ti ettha pana etaṃ saṅgahaṃ na gacchati. Etañhi bāhirakaṃ lāmakaṃ tiracchānagatānaṃ sīhādīnampi hoti. Etañhi nissāya dukkhapariññā vā samudayappahānaṃ vā maggabhāvanā vā phalasacchikiriyā vā natthi. Aññaṃ pana dasasu ṭhānesu akampanatthena upatthambhanatthena ca dasavidhaṃ ñāṇabalaṃ nāma atthi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘dasabalasamannāgato’’ti.

3. Upanisasuttaṃ

23. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘jānato ahaṃ, bhikkhave, passato āsavānaṃ khayaṃ vadāmi, no ajānato no apassato. Kiñca, bhikkhave, jānato kiṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti? Iti rūpaṃ iti rūpassa samudayo iti rūpassa atthaṅgamo, iti vedanā…pe… iti saññā… iti saṅkhārā… iti viññāṇaṃ iti viññāṇassa samudayo iti viññāṇassa atthaṅgamoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti’’.

‘‘Yampissa taṃ, bhikkhave, khayasmiṃ khayeññāṇaṃ, tampi saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, khayeñāṇassa upanisā? ‘Vimuttī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Vimuttimpāhaṃ vimuttimpahaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.), bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, vimuttiyā upanisā? ‘Virāgo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Virāgampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, virāgassa upanisā? ‘Nibbidā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Nibbidampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, nibbidāya upanisā? ‘Yathābhūtañāṇadassana’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Yathābhūtañāṇadassanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, yathābhūtañāṇadassanassa upanisā? ‘Samādhī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Samādhimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ.

‘‘Kā ca, bhikkhave, samādhissa upanisā? ‘Sukha’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Sukhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, sukhassa upanisā? ‘Passaddhī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Passaddhimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, passaddhiyā upanisā? ‘Pītī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Pītimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, pītiyā upanisā? ‘Pāmojja’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Pāmojjampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, pāmojjassa upanisā? ‘Saddhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Saddhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ.

‘‘Kā ca, bhikkhave, saddhāya upanisā? ‘Dukkha’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Dukkhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa upanisā? ‘Jātī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Jātimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, jātiyā upanisā? ‘Bhavo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Bhavampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, bhavassa upanisā? ‘Upādāna’ntissa vacanīyaṃ. Upādānampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ. Kā ca, bhikkhave, upādānassa upanisā? ‘Taṇhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Taṇhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanisaṃ vadāmi, no anupanisaṃ.

‘‘Kā ca, bhikkhave, taṇhāya upanisā? ‘Vedanā’tissa vacanīyaṃ…pe… ‘phasso’tissa vacanīyaṃ… ‘saḷāyatana’ntissa vacanīyaṃ… ‘nāmarūpa’ntissa vacanīyaṃ… ‘viññāṇa’ntissa vacanīyaṃ… ‘saṅkhārā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. Saṅkhārepāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saupanise vadāmi, no anupanise. Kā ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārānaṃ upanisā? ‘Avijjā’tissa vacanīyaṃ.

‘‘Iti kho, bhikkhave, avijjūpanisā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārūpanisaṃ viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇūpanisaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpūpanisaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanūpaniso phasso, phassūpanisā vedanā, vedanūpanisā taṇhā, taṇhūpanisaṃ upādānaṃ, upādānūpaniso bhavo, bhavūpanisā jāti, jātūpanisaṃ dukkhaṃ, dukkhūpanisā saddhā, saddhūpanisaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pāmojjūpanisā pīti, pītūpanisā passaddhi, passaddhūpanisaṃ sukhaṃ, sukhūpaniso samādhi, samādhūpanisaṃ yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ, yathābhūtañāṇadassanūpanisā nibbidā, nibbidūpaniso virāgo, virāgūpanisā vimutti, vimuttūpanisaṃ khayeñāṇaṃ.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti. Pabbatakandarapadarasākhāparipūrā kusobbhe kussubbhe (sī. syā. kaṃ.), kusubbhe (pī.) ṇvādi 129 suttaṃ oloketabbaṃ paripūrenti. Kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti. Mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti. Kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti. Mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ paripūrenti.

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjūpanisā saṅkhārā, saṅkhārūpanisaṃ viññāṇaṃ, viññāṇūpanisaṃ nāmarūpaṃ, nāmarūpūpanisaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ, saḷāyatanūpaniso phasso, phassūpanisā vedanā, vedanūpanisā taṇhā, taṇhūpanisaṃ upādānaṃ, upādānūpaniso bhavo, bhavūpanisā jāti, jātūpanisaṃ dukkhaṃ, dukkhūpanisā saddhā, saddhūpanisaṃ pāmojjaṃ, pāmojjūpanisā pīti, pītūpanisā passaddhi, passaddhūpanisaṃ sukhaṃ, sukhūpaniso samādhi, samādhūpanisaṃ yathābhūtañāṇadassanaṃ, yathābhūtañāṇadassanūpanisā nibbidā, nibbidūpaniso virāgo, virāgūpanisā vimutti, vimuttūpanisaṃ khayeñāṇa’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

23. Tatiye ‘‘jānato aha’’ntiādīsu jānatoti jānantassa. Passatoti passantassa. Dvepi padāni ekatthāni, byañjanameva nānaṃ. Evaṃ santepi ‘‘jānato’’ti ñāṇalakkhaṇaṃ upādāya puggalaṃ niddisati. Jānanalakkhaṇañhi ñāṇaṃ. ‘‘Passato’’ti ñāṇappabhāvaṃ upādāya. Passanappabhāvañhi ñāṇaṃ, ñāṇasamaṅgīpuggalo cakkhumā viya cakkhunā rūpāni, ñāṇena vivaṭe dhamme passati. Āsavānaṃ khayanti ettha āsavānaṃ pahānaṃ asamuppādo khīṇākāro natthibhāvoti ayampi āsavakkhayoti vuccati, bhaṅgopi maggaphalanibbānānipi. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimutti’’ntiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.438; vibha. 831) hi khīṇākāro āsavakkhayoti vuccati. ‘‘Yo āsavānaṃ khayo vayo bhedo paribhedo aniccatā antaradhāna’’nti (vibha. 354) ettha bhaṅgo.

‘‘Sekkhassa sikkhamānassa, ujumaggānusārino;

Khayasmiṃ paṭhamaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tato aññā anantarā’’ti. (itivu. 62); –

Ettha maggo. So hi āsave khepento vūpasamento uppajjati, tasmā āsavānaṃ khayoti vutto. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayā samaṇo hotī’’ti ettha phalaṃ. Tañhi āsavānaṃ khīṇante uppajjati, tasmā āsavānaṃ khayoti vuttaṃ.

‘‘Āsavā tassa vaḍḍhanti, ārā so āsavakkhayā’’ti; (Dha. pa. 253) –

Ettha nibbānaṃ. Tañhi āgamma āsavā khīyanti, tasmā āsavānaṃ khayoti vuttaṃ. Idha pana maggaphalāni adhippetāni. No ajānato no apassatoti yo pana na jānāti na passati, tassa no vadāmīti attho. Etena ye ajānato apassatopi saṃsārādīhiyeva suddhiṃ vadanti, te paṭikkhittā honti. Purimena padadvayena upāyo vutto, iminā anupāyaṃ paṭisedheti.

4. Aññatitthiyasuttaṃ

24. Rājagahe viharati veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassa etadahosi – ‘‘atippago kho tāva rājagahe piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyya’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā etadavocuṃ –

‘‘Santāvuso, sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi panāvuso sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā paraṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santāvuso sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi panāvuso sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Idha, panāvuso sāriputta, samaṇo gotamo kiṃvādī kimakkhāyī? Kathaṃ byākaramānā ca mayaṃ vuttavādino ceva samaṇassa gotamassa assāma, na ca samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyāma, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyāma, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto vādānuvādo (ka.) dī. ni. 1.381 gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’ti?

‘‘Paṭiccasamuppannaṃ kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiṃ paṭicca? Phassaṃ paṭicca. Iti vadaṃ vuttavādī ceva bhagavato assa, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyya.

‘‘Tatrāvuso, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā paraṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā.

‘‘Tatrāvuso, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā paraṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti.

Assosi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmato sāriputtassa tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando rājagahe piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando yāvatako āyasmato sāriputtassa tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ ahosi kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, ānanda, yathā taṃ sāriputto sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Paṭiccasamuppannaṃ kho, ānanda, dukkhaṃ vuttaṃ mayā. Kiṃ paṭicca? Phassaṃ paṭicca. Iti vadaṃ vuttavādī ceva me assa, na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyya.

‘‘Tatrānanda, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā.

‘‘Tatrānanda, yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Ekamidāhaṃ, ānanda, samayaṃ idheva rājagahe viharāmi veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha khvāhaṃ, ānanda, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisiṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, ānanda, etadahosi – ‘atippago kho tāva rājagahe piṇḍāya carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkameyya’’’nti.

‘‘Atha khvāhaṃ, ānanda, yena aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ ārāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā tehi aññatitthiyehi paribbājakehi saddhiṃ sammodiṃ. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho maṃ, ānanda, te aññatitthiyā paribbājakā etadavocuṃ –

‘Santāvuso gotama, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi panāvuso gotama, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā paraṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santāvuso gotama, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi panāvuso gotama, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Idha no āyasmā gotamo kiṃvādī kimakkhāyī? Kathaṃ byākaramānā ca mayaṃ vuttavādino ceva āyasmato gotamassa assāma, na ca āyasmantaṃ gotamaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyāma, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyāma, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’’ti?

‘‘Evaṃ vuttāhaṃ, ānanda, te aññatitthiye paribbājake etadavocaṃ – ‘paṭiccasamuppannaṃ kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ vuttaṃ mayā. Kiṃ paṭicca? Phassaṃ paṭicca. Iti vadaṃ vuttavādī ceva me assa, na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’’ti.

‘‘Tatrāvuso, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā.

‘‘Tatrāvuso, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti. ‘‘Acchariyaṃ bhante, abbhutaṃ bhante! Yatra hi nāma ekena padena sabbo attho vutto bhavissati. Siyā nu kho, bhante, esevattho vitthārena vuccamāno gambhīro ceva assa gambhīrāvabhāso cā’’ti?

‘‘Tena hānanda, taññevettha paṭibhātū’’ti. ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘jarāmaraṇaṃ, āvuso ānanda, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhava’nti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘jarāmaraṇaṃ kho, āvuso, jātinidānaṃ jātisamudayaṃ jātijātikaṃ jātipabhava’nti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ.

‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘jāti panāvuso ānanda, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘jāti kho, āvuso, bhavanidānā bhavasamudayā bhavajātikā bhavappabhavā’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ.

‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘bhavo panāvuso ānanda, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘bhavo kho, āvuso, upādānanidāno upādānasamudayo upādānajātiko upādānappabhavo’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ.

‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – upādānaṃ panāvuso…pe… taṇhā panāvuso…pe… vedanā panāvuso…pe… sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘phasso panāvuso ānanda, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘phasso kho, āvuso, saḷāyatananidāno saḷāyatanasamudayo saḷāyatanajātiko saḷāyatanappabhavo’ti. ‘Channaṃtveva, āvuso, phassāyatanānaṃ asesavirāganirodhā phassanirodho; phassanirodhā vedanānirodho; vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho; taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

24. Catutthe pāvisīti paviṭṭho. So ca na tāva paviṭṭho, ‘‘pavisissāmī’’ti nikkhantattā pana evaṃ vutto. Yathā kiṃ? Yathā ‘‘gāmaṃ gamissāmī’’ti nikkhantapuriso taṃ gāmaṃ appattopi ‘‘kahaṃ itthannāmo’’ti vutte ‘‘gāmaṃ gato’’ti vuccati, evaṃ. Atippagoti tadā kira therassa atippagoyeva nikkhantadivaso ahosi, atippagoyeva nikkhantabhikkhū bodhiyaṅgaṇe cetiyaṅgaṇe nivāsanapārupanaṭṭhāneti imesu ṭhānesu yāva bhikkhācāravelā hoti, tāva papañcaṃ karonti. Therassa pana ‘‘yāva bhikkhācāravelā hoti, tāva paribbājakehi saddhiṃ ekadvekathāvāre karissāmī’’ti cintayato yaṃnūnāhanti etadahosi. Paribbājakānaṃ ārāmoti so kira ārāmo dakkhiṇadvārassa ca veḷuvanassa ca antarā ahosi. Idhāti imesu catūsu vādesu. Kiṃvādī kimakkhāyīti kiṃ vadati kiṃ ācikkhati, kiṃ ettha samaṇassa gotamassa dassananti pucchanti. Dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyāmāti, bhotā gotamena yaṃ vuttaṃ kāraṇaṃ, tassa anukāraṇaṃ katheyyāma. Sahadhammiko vādānupātoti parehi vuttakāraṇena sakāraṇo hutvā samaṇassa gotamassa vādānupāto vādappavatti viññūhi garahitabbaṃ kāraṇaṃ koci appamattakopi kathaṃ nāgaccheyya? Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – kathaṃ sabbākārenapi samaṇassa gotamassa vāde gārayhaṃ kāraṇaṃ na bhaveyyāti?

Iti vadanti phassapaccayā dukkhanti evaṃ vadantoti attho. Tatrāti tesu catūsu vādesu. Te vata aññatra phassāti idaṃ ‘‘tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti paṭiññāya sādhakavacanaṃ. Yasmā hi na vinā phassena dukkhapaṭisaṃvedanā atthi, tasmā jānitabbametaṃ yathā ‘‘tadapi phassapaccayā’’ti ayamettha adhippāyo.

Sādhu, sādhu, ānandāti ayaṃ sādhukāro sāriputtattherassa dinno, ānandattherena pana saddhiṃ bhagavā āmantesi. Ekamidāhanti ettha idhāti nipātamattaṃ, ekaṃ samayanti attho. Idaṃ vacanaṃ ‘‘na kevalaṃ sāriputtova rājagahaṃ paviṭṭho, ahampi pāvisiṃ. Na kevalañca tassevāyaṃ vitakko uppanno, mayhampi uppajji. Na kevalañca tasseva sā titthiyehi saddhiṃ kathā jātā, mayhampi jātapubbā’’ti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ.

5. Bhūmijasuttaṃ

25. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā bhūmijo sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā bhūmijo āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Santāvuso sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi panāvuso sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā paraṃkataṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santāvuso sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi panāvuso sāriputta, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti. Idha no, āvuso sāriputta, bhagavā kiṃvādī kimakkhāyī, kathaṃ byākaramānā ca mayaṃ vuttavādino ceva bhagavato assāma, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyāma, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyāma, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’ti?

‘‘Paṭiccasamuppannaṃ kho, āvuso, sukhadukkhaṃ vuttaṃ bhagavatā. Kiṃ paṭicca? Phassaṃ paṭicca. Iti vadaṃ vuttavādī ceva bhagavato assa, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyya.

‘‘Tatrāvuso, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti, tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti, tadapi phassapaccayā.

‘‘Tatrāvuso, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te…pe. … yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti.

Assosi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmato sāriputtassa āyasmatā bhūmijena saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando yāvatako āyasmato sāriputtassa āyasmatā bhūmijena saddhiṃ ahosi kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, ānanda, yathā taṃ sāriputto sammā byākaramāno byākareyya. Paṭiccasamuppannaṃ kho, ānanda, sukhadukkhaṃ vuttaṃ mayā. Kiṃ paṭicca? Phassaṃ paṭicca. Iti vadaṃ vuttavādī ceva me assa, na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyya.

‘‘Tatrānanda, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā.

‘‘Tatrānanda, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā kammavādā sayaṃkataṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇākammavādā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Kāye vā hānanda, sati kāyasañcetanāhetu uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Vācāya vā hānanda, sati vacīsañcetanāhetu uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Mane vā hānanda, sati manosañcetanāhetu uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ avijjāpaccayā ca.

‘‘Sāmaṃ vā taṃ, ānanda, kāyasaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, yaṃpaccayāssa yaṃpaccayāya (syā. kaṃ.), yaṃpaccayā yaṃ (ka.) taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Pare vā taṃ pare vāssa taṃ (sī. pī.), pare vāyataṃ (syā. kaṃ.), ānanda, kāyasaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharonti, yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Sampajāno vā taṃ, ānanda, kāyasaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Asampajāno vā taṃ, ānanda, kāyasaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ.

‘‘Sāmaṃ vā taṃ, ānanda, vacīsaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Pare vā taṃ, ānanda, vacīsaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharonti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Sampajāno vā taṃ, ānanda…pe… asampajāno vā taṃ, ānanda, vacīsaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ.

‘‘Sāmaṃ vā taṃ, ānanda, manosaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Pare vā taṃ, ānanda, manosaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharonti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Sampajāno vā taṃ, ānanda…pe… asampajāno vā taṃ, ānanda, manosaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ.

‘‘Imesu, ānanda, dhammesu avijjā anupatitā. Avijjāya tveva, ānanda, asesavirāganirodhā so kāyo na hoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Sā vācā na hoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. So mano na hoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ. Khettaṃ taṃ na hoti…pe… vatthu taṃ na hoti…pe… āyatanaṃ taṃ na hoti…pe… adhikaraṇaṃ taṃ na hoti yaṃpaccayāssa taṃ uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkha’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.

25. Purimasutteti anantare purime sutte. Vuttanayeneva veditabbanti padatthe tato visiṭṭhaṃ aniddisitvā itaraṃ atthato vibhāvetuṃ **‘‘ayaṃ pana viseso’’**tiādimāha. Na kevalaṃ phassapaccayā uppajjati, atha kho phassassa sahakārīkāraṇabhūtaaññapaccayā ca uppajjatīti. Kāyenāti copanakāyena, kāyaviññattiyāti attho. Sā hi kāmaṃ paṭṭhāne āgatesu catuvīsatiyā paccayesu kenaci paccayena cetanāya paccayo na hoti. Yasmā pana kāye sati eva kāyakammaṃ nāma hoti, nāsati, tasmā sā tassā sāmaggiyabhāvena icchitabbāti vuttaṃ **‘‘kāyenapi kariyamānaṃ karīyatī’’**ti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘kāye vā, hānanda, sati kāyasañcetanāhetu uppajjati ajjhattaṃ sukhaṃ dukkha’’nti. Vācāyapīti etthāpi eseva nayo. Manasāti pātubhūtena manasā, na manamattenāti. Attanā parehi anussāhitena. Parenāti parena anussāhena. Sampajānenāti ñāṇasampayuttacittavasena pajānantena. Asampajānenāti tathā na sampajānantena. Tassāti sukhadukkhassa. Kāyasañcetanāhetūti kāyakammanimittaṃ, kāyikassa kammassa katattā upacitattāti attho. Esa nayo sesasañcetanāsupi. Uddhaccasahagatacetanā pavattiyaṃ vipākaṃ detiyevāti **‘‘vīsati cetanā labbhantī’’**ti vuttaṃ. Tathā vacīdvāreti ettha ‘‘kāmāvacarakusalākusalavasena vīsati cetanā labbhantī’’ti idaṃ tathā-saddena upasaṃharati. Rūpārūpacetanāhīti rūpāvacarārūpāvacarakusalacetanāhi. Tappaccayaṃ yathārahanti adhippāyo. Tāpi cetanāti yathāvuttā ekūnavīsati cetanā avijjāpaccayā honti kusalānampi pageva itarādhiṭṭhahitāvijjasseva uppajjanato, aññathā anuppajjanato. Yathāvuttacetanābhedanti yathāvuttaṃ kāyacetanādivibhāgaṃ. Parehi anussāhito saraseneva pavattamāno. Parehi kāriyamānoti parehi ussāhito hutvā kayiramāno. Jānantopīti anussavādivasena jānantopi. Kammameva jānantoti tadā attanā kariyamānakammameva jānanto.

Catūsūti ‘‘sāmaṃ vā pare vā sampajāno vā asampajāno vā’’ti evaṃ vuttesu catūsu ṭhānesu. Yathāvutte ekūnavīsaticetanādhamme asaṅkhārikasasaṅkhārikabhāvena sampajānakatāsampajānakatabhāvena catuguṇe katvā vuttaṃ **‘‘chasattati dvesatā cetanādhammā’’**ti. Yesaṃ sahajātakoṭi labbhati, tesampi upanissayakoṭi labbhatevāti **‘‘upanissayakoṭiyā anupatitā’’**tiicceva vuttā. Teti yathāvuttā sabbepi dhammā. So kāyo na hotīti ettha pasādakāyopi gahetabbo. Tenāha **‘‘yasmiṃ kāye satī’’**tiādi. So kāyo na hotīti so kāyo paccayanirodhena na hoti. Vācāti saddavācā. Manoti yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ. Idāni kammavaseneva yojetuṃ **‘‘apicā’’**tiādi vuttaṃ. Eseva nayo ‘‘vācāpi dvārabhūtā manopi dvārabhūto’’ti. Khīṇāsavassa kathaṃ kāyo na hoti, na tassa kāyakammādhiṭṭhānanti adhippāyo. Avipākattāti avipākadhammattāti attho. Kāyo na hotīti vuttaṃ akammakaraṇabhāvato.

6. Upavāṇasuttaṃ

26. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā upavāṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā upavāṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Santi, bhante, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi pana, bhante, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā paraṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi pana, bhante, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Santi pana, bhante, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti. Idha no, bhante, bhagavā kiṃvādī kimakkhāyī kathaṃ byākaramānā ca mayaṃ vuttavādino ceva bhagavato assāma, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyyāma, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyyāma, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyyā’’ti?

‘‘Paṭiccasamuppannaṃ kho, upavāṇa, dukkhaṃ vuttaṃ mayā. Kiṃ paṭicca? Phassaṃ paṭicca. Iti vadaṃ vuttavādī ceva me assa, na ca maṃ abhūtena abbhācikkheyya, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākareyya, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānupāto gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgaccheyya.

‘‘Tatra, upavāṇa, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, tadapi phassapaccayā. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti tadapi phassapaccayā.

‘‘Tatra, upavāṇa, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā sayaṃkataṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata añña phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Yepi te…pe… yepi te…pe… yepi te samaṇabrāhmaṇā asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ dukkhaṃ paññapenti, te vata aññatra phassā paṭisaṃvedissantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

25-26. Pañcame bhūmijoti tassa therassa nāmaṃ. Sesamidhāpi purimasutte vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana viseso – yasmā idaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ na kevalaṃ phassapaccayā uppajjati, kāyenapi kariyamānaṃ karīyati, vācāyapi manasāpi, attanāpi kariyamānaṃ karīyati, parenapi kariyamānaṃ karīyati, sampajānenapi kariyamānaṃ karīyati, asampajānenapi, tasmā tassa aparampi paccayavisesaṃ dassetuṃ kāye vā hānanda, satītiādimāha. Kāyasañcetanāhetūti kāyadvāre uppannacetanāhetu. Vacīsañcetanāmanosañcetanāsupi eseva nayo. Ettha ca kāyadvāre kāmāvacarakusalākusalavasena vīsati cetanā labbhanti, tathā vacīdvāre. Manodvāre navahi rūpārūpacetanāhi saddhiṃ ekūnatiṃsāti tīsu dvāresu ekūnasattati cetanā honti, tappaccayaṃ vipākasukhadukkhaṃ dassitaṃ. Avijjāpaccayā cāti idaṃ tāpi cetanā avijjāpaccayā hontīti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā pana taṃ yathāvuttacetanābhedaṃ kāyasaṅkhārañceva vacīsaṅkhārañca manosaṅkhārañca parehi anussāhito sāmaṃ asaṅkhārikacittena karoti, parehi kāriyamāno sasaṅkhārikacittenāpi karoti, ‘‘idaṃ nāma kammaṃ karoti, tassa evarūpo nāma vipāko bhavissatī’’ti, evaṃ kammañca vipākañca jānantopi karoti, mātāpitūsu cetiyavandanādīni karontesu anukarontā dārakā viya kevalaṃ kammameva jānanto ‘‘imassa pana kammassa ayaṃ vipāko’’ti vipākaṃ ajānantopi karoti, tasmā taṃ dassetuṃ sāmaṃ vā taṃ, ānanda, kāyasaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharotītiādi vuttaṃ.

Imesu, ānanda, dhammesūti ye ime ‘‘sāmaṃ vā taṃ, ānanda, kāyasaṅkhāra’’ntiādīsu catūsu ṭhānesu vuttā chasattati dvesatā cetanādhammā, imesu dhammesu avijjā upanissayakoṭiyā anupatitā. Sabbepi hi te ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’ti ettheva saṅgahaṃ gacchanti. Idāni vivaṭṭaṃ dassento avijjāya tvevātiādimāha. So kāyo na hotīti yasmiṃ kāye sati kāyasañcetanāpaccayaṃ ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ uppajjati, so kāyo na hoti. Vācāmanesupi eseva nayo. Apica kāyoti cetanākāyo, vācāpi cetanāvācā, manopi kammamanoyeva. Dvārakāyo vā kāyo. Vācāmanesupi eseva nayo. Khīṇāsavo cetiyaṃ vandati, dhammaṃ bhaṇati, kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi karoti, kathamassa kāyādayo na hontīti? Avipākattā. Khīṇāsavena hi kataṃ kammaṃ neva kusalaṃ hoti nākusalaṃ. Avipākaṃ hutvā kiriyāmatte tiṭṭhati, tenassa te kāyādayo na hontīti vuttaṃ.

Khettaṃ taṃ na hotītiādīsupi viruhanaṭṭhena taṃ khettaṃ na hoti, patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena vatthu na hoti, paccayaṭṭhena āyatanaṃ na hoti, kāraṇaṭṭhena adhikaraṇaṃ na hoti. Sañcetanāmūlakañhi ajjhattaṃ sukhadukkhaṃ uppajjeyya, sā sañcetanā etesaṃ viruhanādīnaṃ atthānaṃ abhāvena tassa sukhadukkhassa neva khettaṃ, na vatthu na āyatanaṃ, na adhikaraṇaṃ hotīti. Imasmiṃ sutte vedanādīsu sukhadukkhameva kathitaṃ, tañca kho vipākamevāti. Pañcamaṃ.

7. Paccayasuttaṃ

27. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko – ayaṃ vuccati jarā. Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālakiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo; idaṃ vuccati maraṇaṃ. Iti ayañca jarā idañca maraṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ. Jātisamudayā jarāmaraṇasamudayo; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminī paṭipadā. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi, sammāsaṅkappo, sammāvācā, sammākammanto, sammāājīvo, sammāvāyāmo, sammāsati, sammāsamādhi.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti…pe… katamo ca, bhikkhave, bhavo… katamañca, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ… katamā ca, bhikkhave, taṇhā… katamā ca, bhikkhave, vedanā… katamo ca, bhikkhave, phasso… katamañca, bhikkhave, saḷāyatanaṃ… katamañca, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ… katamañca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ…?

‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā? Tayome, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā – kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāro, cittasaṅkhāro. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Avijjāsamudayā saṅkhārasamudayo; avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅkhāranirodhagāminī paṭipadā. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṃ paccayaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ paccayasamudayaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ paccayanirodhaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ paccayanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako diṭṭhisampanno itipi, dassanasampanno itipi, āgato imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, passati imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, sekkhena ñāṇena samannāgato itipi, sekkhāya vijjāya samannāgato itipi, dhammasotaṃ samāpanno itipi, ariyo nibbedhikapañño itipi, amatadvāraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati itipī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

27. Paṭipāṭiyāti paṭipāṭiyā ṭhapanena. Catusaccayojanaṃ dassetuṃ pariyosāna…pe… ādi vuttaṃ. Dukkhasaccavasenāti pariññeyyabhāvavasena. Jarāmaraṇāpadesena hi pañcupādānakkhandhā vuttā, te cassa attano phalassa paccayā na honti. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ **‘‘paccayaṃ jānātī’’**ti. Vineyyajjhāsayavasena hettha desanā pavattā. Sampannoti samannāgato. Āgatoti upagato, adhigatoti attho. Passatīti paccavekkhaṇañāṇena paccakkhato passati, maggapaññāya evaṃ asammohapaṭivedhavasena passati. Maggañāṇeneva, na phalañāṇena. Dhammasotaṃ samāpannoti ariyadhammasotaṃ sammadeva āpanno patto. Anaye nairiyanato, aye ca iriyanato, sadevakena ca lokena ‘‘saraṇa’’nti akaraṇīyato ariyapakkhaṃ bhajanto puthujjanabhūmiṃ atikkanto. Nibbedhikapaññāyāti catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ nibbijjhanakapaññāya. Āhacca tiṭṭhati maggakkhaṇe, phalakkhaṇe pana āhacca ṭhito nāma.

Paccayasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Bhikkhusuttaṃ

28. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘tatra kho…pe… idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānāti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ pajānāti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ pajānāti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti, jātiṃ pajānāti…pe… bhavaṃ pajānāti… upādānaṃ pajānāti… taṇhaṃ pajānāti… vedanaṃ pajānāti… phassaṃ pajānāti… saḷāyatanaṃ pajānāti… nāmarūpaṃ pajānāti… viññāṇaṃ pajānāti… saṅkhāre pajānāti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ pajānāti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ pajānāti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko – ayaṃ vuccati jarā. Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālakiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo; idaṃ vuccati maraṇaṃ. Iti ayaṃ ca jarā idañca maraṇaṃ. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ. Jātisamudayā jarāmaraṇasamudayo; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminī paṭipadā. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti…pe… katamo ca, bhikkhave, bhavo… katamañca, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ… vedanā… phasso… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ….

‘‘Katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā? Tayome, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā – kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāro, cittasaṅkhāro. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Avijjāsamudayā saṅkhārasamudayo; avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho. Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅkhāranirodhagāminī paṭipadā. Seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ jātiṃ pajānāti…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ … saṅkhāre… saṅkhārasamudayaṃ… saṅkhāranirodhaṃ… evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu diṭṭhisampanno itipi, dassanasampanno itipi, āgato imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, passati imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, sekkhena ñāṇena samannāgato itipi, sekkhāya vijjāya samannāgato itipi, dhammasotaṃ samāpanno itipi, ariyo nibbedhikapañño itipi, amatadvāraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati itipī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

27-28. Sattame paṭipāṭiyā vuttesu pariyosānapadaṃ gahetvā katamañca, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇantiādi vuttaṃ. Evaṃ paccayaṃ pajānātīti evaṃ dukkhasaccavasena paccayaṃ jānāti. Paccayasamudayādayopi samudayasaccādīnaṃyeva vasena veditabbā. Diṭṭhisampannoti maggadiṭṭhiyā sampanno. Dassanasampannoti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Āgato imaṃ saddhammanti maggasaddhammaṃ āgato. Passatīti maggasaddhammameva passati. Sekkhena ñāṇenāti maggañāṇeneva. Sekkhāya vijjāyāti maggavijjāya eva. Dhammasotaṃ samāpannoti maggasaṅkhātameva dhammasotaṃ samāpanno. Ariyoti puthujjanabhūmiṃ atikkanto. Nibbedhikapaññoti nibbedhikapaññāya samannāgato. Amatadvāraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhatīti amataṃ nāma nibbānaṃ, tassa dvāraṃ ariyamaggaṃ āhacca tiṭṭhatīti. Aṭṭhamaṃ uttānameva. Sattamaaṭṭhamāni.

28. Uttānameva sabbasova sattame āgatanayattā, vineyyajjhāsayavasena hi idaṃ suttaṃ satthārā aññasmiṃ āsane desitaṃ, parisāya vivaṭṭena sātthikāti satthu desanā āgatāti ayaṃ paṭiggāhakādhīnā hotīti dhammagāravena saṅgahaṃ āropentiyeva.

Bhikkhusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Samaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

29. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘tatra kho…pe… ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ na parijānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ na parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ na parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ na parijānanti, jātiṃ na parijānanti…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre… saṅkhārasamudayaṃ… saṅkhāranirodhaṃ… saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ na parijānanti. Na mete, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā. Na ca panete āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti’’.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ parijānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ parijānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ parijānanti, jātiṃ parijānanti…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre parijānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ parijānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ parijānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ parijānanti. Te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā. Te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

29. Akkharabhāṇakānanti akkhararucīnaṃ. Upasaggena padavaḍḍhanampi ruccanti. Tenāha **‘‘te hī’’**tiādi.

Samaṇabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

30. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘tatra kho…pe… ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti te vata jarāmaraṇaṃ samatikkamma ṭhassantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Jātiṃ nappajānanti…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre nappajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti te vata saṅkhāre samatikkamma ṭhassantīti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati’’.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ pajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti te vata jarāmaraṇaṃ samatikkamma ṭhassantīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjati. Jātiṃ pajānanti…pe… bhavaṃ… upādānaṃ… taṇhaṃ… vedanaṃ… phassaṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ… viññāṇaṃ… saṅkhāre pajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ pajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti. Te vata saṅkhāre samatikkamma ṭhassantīti ṭhānametaṃ vijjatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Dasabalavaggo tatiyo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dve dasabalā upanisā ca, aññatitthiyabhūmijo;

Upavāṇo paccayo bhikkhu, dve ca samaṇabrāhmaṇāti.

29-30. Navamaṃ akkharabhāṇakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ajjhāsayena vuttaṃ. Te hi parīti upasaggaṃ pakkhipitvā vuccamāne paṭivijjhituṃ sakkonti. Navamaṃ.

Dasame sabbaṃ uttānameva. Imesu dvīsu suttesu catusaccapaṭivedhova kathito. Dasamaṃ.

Dasabalavaggo tatiyo.

30. Dvīsu suttesūti navamadasamasuttesu.

Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Dasabalavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Kaḷārakhattiyavaggo

1. Bhūtasuttaṃ

31. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tatra kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘vuttamidaṃ, sāriputta, pārāyane pārāyaṇe (sī.) ajitapañhe –

‘‘Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā’’ti.

‘‘Imassa nu kho, sāriputta, saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti? Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhī ahosi. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi…pe… dutiyampi kho āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhī ahosi. Tatiyampi kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘vuttamidaṃ, sāriputta, pārāyane ajitapañhe –

‘‘Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā’’ti.

‘‘Imassa nu kho, sāriputta, saṃkhittena bhāsitassa kathaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti? Tatiyampi kho āyasmā sāriputto tuṇhī ahosi.

‘‘Bhūtamidanti, sāriputta, passasī’’ti? Bhūtamidanti, bhante, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhante, sekkho hoti.

‘‘Kathañca, bhante, saṅkhātadhammo hoti? Bhūtamidanti, bhante, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhante, saṅkhātadhammo hoti. Iti kho, bhante, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ pārāyane ajitapañhe –

‘‘Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā’’ti.

‘‘Imassa khvāhaṃ, bhante, saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmī’’ti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta, bhūtamidanti, sāriputta, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭippanno hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. Evaṃ kho, sāriputta, sekkho hoti.

‘‘Kathañca, sāriputta, saṅkhātadhammo hoti? Bhūtamidanti, sāriputta, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Bhūtamidanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā bhūtassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhārasambhavanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā āhārasambhavassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Tadāhāranirodhā yaṃ bhūtaṃ taṃ nirodhadhammanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññā disvā nirodhadhammassa nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, sāriputta, saṅkhātadhammo hoti. Iti kho, sāriputta, yaṃ taṃ vuttaṃ pārāyane ajitapañhe –

‘‘Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekkhā puthū idha;

Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisā’’ti.

‘‘Imassa kho sāriputta saṃkhittena bhāsitassa evaṃ vitthārena attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

31. Kaḷārakhattiyavaggassa paṭhame ajitapañheti ajitamāṇavena pucchitapañhe. Saṅkhātadhammāseti saṅkhātadhammā vuccanti ñātadhammā tulitadhammā tīritadhammā. Sekkhāti satta sekkhā. Puthūti teyeva satta jane sandhāya puthūti vuttaṃ. Idhāti imasmiṃ sāsane. Nipakoti nepakkaṃ vuccati paññā, tāya samannāgatattā nipako, tvaṃ paṇḍito pabrūhīti yācati. Iriyanti vuttiṃ ācāraṃ gocaraṃ vihāraṃ paṭipattiṃ. Mārisāti bhagavantaṃ ālapati. Sekkhānañca saṅkhātadhammānañca khīṇāsavānañca paṭipattiṃ mayā pucchito paṇḍita, mārisa, mayhaṃ kathehīti ayamettha saṅkhepattho.

Tuṇhī ahosīti kasmā yāva tatiyaṃ puṭṭho tuṇhī ahosi? Kiṃ pañhe kaṅkhati, udāhu ajjhāsayeti? Ajjhāsaye kaṅkhati, no pañhe. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘satthā maṃ sekkhāsekkhānaṃ āgamanīyapaṭipadaṃ kathāpetukāmo; sā ca khandhavasena dhātuvasena āyatanavasena paccayākāravasenāti bahūhi kāraṇehi sakkā kathetuṃ. Kathaṃ kathento nu kho satthu ajjhāsayaṃ gahetvā kathetuṃ sakkhissāmī’’ti? Atha satthā cintesi – ‘‘ṭhapetvā maṃ añño pattaṃ ādāya caranto sāvako nāma paññāya sāriputtasamo natthi. Ayampi mayā pañhaṃ puṭṭho yāva tatiyaṃ tuṇhī eva. Pañhe nu kho kaṅkhati, udāhu ajjhāsaye’’ti. Atha ‘‘ajjhāsaye’’ti ñatvā pañhakathanatthāya nayaṃ dadamāno bhūtamidanti, sāriputta, passasīti āha.

Tattha bhūtanti jātaṃ nibbattaṃ, khandhapañcakassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Iti satthā ‘‘pañcakkhandhavasena, sāriputta, imaṃ pañhaṃ kathehī’’ti therassa nayaṃ deti. Sahanayadānena pana therassa tīre ṭhitapurisassa vivaṭo ekaṅgaṇo mahāsamuddo viya nayasatena nayasahassena pañhabyākaraṇaṃ upaṭṭhāsi. Atha naṃ byākaronto bhūtamidanti, bhantetiādimāha. Tattha bhūtamidanti idaṃ nibbattaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ. Sammappaññāya passatīti saha vipassanāya maggapaññāya sammā passati. Paṭipanno hotīti sīlato paṭṭhāya yāva arahattamaggā nibbidādīnaṃ atthāya paṭipanno hoti. Tadāhārasambhavanti idaṃ kasmā ārabhi? Etaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ āhāraṃ paṭicca ṭhitaṃ, tasmā taṃ āhārasambhavaṃ nāma katvā dassetuṃ idaṃ ārabhi. Iti imināpi pariyāyena sekkhapaṭipadā kathitā hoti. Tadāhāranirodhāti tesaṃ āhārānaṃ nirodhena. Idaṃ kasmā ārabhi? Tañhi khandhapañcakaṃ āhāranirodhā nirujjhati, tasmā taṃ āhāranirodhasambhavaṃ nāma katvā dassetuṃ idaṃ ārabhi. Iti imināpi pariyāyena sekkhasseva paṭipadā kathitā. Nibbidāti ādīni sabbāni kāraṇavacanānīti veditabbāni. Anupādā vimuttoti catūhi upādānehi kañci dhammaṃ agahetvā vimutto. Sādhu sādhūti iminā therassa byākaraṇaṃ sampahaṃsetvā sayampi tatheva byākaronto puna ‘‘bhūtamida’’ntiādimāhāti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Kaḷārasuttaṃ

32. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho kaḷārakhattiyo bhikkhu yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kaḷārakhattiyo bhikkhu āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘moḷiyaphagguno, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattoti. Na hi nūna so āyasmā imasmiṃ dhammavinaye assāsamalatthāti. Tena hāyasmā sāriputto imasmiṃ dhammavinaye assāsaṃ patto’’ti?

‘‘Na khvāhaṃ, āvuso, kaṅkhāmī’’ti. ‘‘Āyatiṃ, panāvuso’’ti?

‘‘Na khvāhaṃ, āvuso, vicikicchāmī’’ti.

Atha kho kaḷārakhattiyo bhikkhu uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kaḷārakhattiyo bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyasmatā, bhante, sāriputtena aññā byākatā – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāmī’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena sāriputtaṃ āmantehi – ‘satthā taṃ, āvuso sāriputta, āmantetī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘satthā taṃ, āvuso sāriputta, āmantetī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, āvuso’’ti kho āyasmā sāriputto tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tayā, sāriputta, aññā byākatā – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāmī’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, bhante, etehi padehi etehi byañjanehi attho attho ca (syā. kaṃ. ka.) vutto’’ti. ‘‘Yena kenacipi, sāriputta, pariyāyena kulaputto aññaṃ byākaroti, atha kho byākataṃ byākatato daṭṭhabba’’nti. ‘‘Nanu ahampi, bhante, evaṃ vadāmi – ‘na kho, bhante, etehi padehi etehi byañjanehi attho vutto’’’ti.

‘‘Sace taṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kathaṃ jānatā pana tayā, āvuso sāriputta, kathaṃ passatā aññā byākatā – khīṇā jāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, sāriputta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti?

‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kathaṃ jānatā pana tayā, āvuso sāriputta, kathaṃ passatā aññā byākatā – khīṇā jāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti; evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ puṭṭho ahaṃ (syā. kaṃ.), puṭṭhāhaṃ (pī. ka.), bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘yaṃnidānā, āvuso, jāti, tassa nidānassa khayā khīṇasmiṃ khīṇāmhīti viditaṃ. Khīṇāmhīti viditvā – khīṇājāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.

‘‘Sace pana taṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘jāti panāvuso sāriputta, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭho taṃ, sāriputta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘jāti panāvuso sāriputta, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘jāti kho, āvuso, bhavanidānā bhavasamudayā bhavajātikā bhavappabhavā’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.

‘‘Sace pana taṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘bhavo panāvuso sāriputta, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, sāriputta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘bhavo panāvuso sāriputta, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘bhavo kho, āvuso, upādānanidāno upādānasamudayo upādānajātiko upādānappabhavo’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.

‘‘Sace pana taṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘upādānaṃ panāvuso…pe… sace pana taṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – taṇhā panāvuso sāriputta, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, sāriputta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – taṇhā panāvuso sāriputta, kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘taṇhā kho, āvuso, vedanānidānā vedanāsamudayā vedanājātikā vedanāpabhavā’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.

‘‘Sace pana taṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kathaṃ jānato pana te, āvuso sāriputta, kathaṃ passato yā vedanāsu nandī sā na upaṭṭhāsī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, sāriputta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kathaṃ jānato pana te, āvuso sāriputta, kathaṃ passato yā vedanāsu nandī sā na upaṭṭhāsī’ti evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘tisso kho imā, āvuso, vedanā. Katamā tisso? Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā. Imā kho, āvuso, tisso vedanā aniccā. Yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhanti viditaṃ viditā (ṭīkā), yā vedanāsu nandī sā na upaṭṭhāsī’ti. Evaṃ, puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta. Ayampi kho, sāriputta, pariyāyo, etasseva atthassa saṃkhittena veyyākaraṇāya – ‘yaṃ kiñci vedayitaṃ taṃ dukkhasmi’’’nti.

‘‘Sace pana taṃ, sāriputta, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kathaṃ vimokkhā pana tayā, āvuso sāriputta, aññā byākatā – khīṇā jāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭho tvaṃ, sāriputta, kinti byākareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Sace maṃ, bhante, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kathaṃ vimokkhā pana tayā, āvuso sāriputta, aññā byākatā – khīṇā jāti vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyyaṃ – ‘ajjhattaṃ vimokkhā khvāhaṃ, āvuso, sabbupādānakkhayā tathā sato viharāmi yathā sataṃ viharantaṃ āsavā nānussavanti, attānañca nāvajānāmī’ti. Evaṃ puṭṭhohaṃ, bhante, evaṃ byākareyya’’nti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, sāriputta. Ayampi kho sāriputta, pariyāyo etasseva atthassa saṃkhittena veyyākaraṇāya – ye āsavā samaṇena vuttā tesvāhaṃ na kaṅkhāmi, te me pahīnāti na vicikicchāmī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvā sugato uṭṭhāyāsanā vihāraṃ pāvisi.

Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto acirapakkantassa bhagavato bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘pubbe appaṭisaṃviditaṃ maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi, tassa me ahosi dandhāyitattaṃ. Yato ca kho me, āvuso, bhagavā paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ anumodi, tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – divasaṃ cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, divasampāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi. Rattiṃ cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, rattimpāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi. Rattindivaṃ rattidivaṃ (ka.) cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, rattindivampāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi. Dve rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya…pe… dve rattindivānipāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ…pe… tīṇi rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya…pe… tīṇi rattindivānipāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ…pe… cattāri rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya…pe… cattāri rattindivānipāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ…pe… pañca rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya…pe… pañca rattindivānipāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ…pe… cha rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya…pe… cha rattindivānipāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ…pe… satta rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, satta rattindivānipāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehī’’ti.

Atha kho kaḷārakhattiyo bhikkhu uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho kaḷārakhattiyo bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyasmatā, bhante, sāriputtena sīhanādo nadito – pubbe appaṭisaṃviditaṃ maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi, tassa me ahosi dandhāyitattaṃ. Yato ca kho me, āvuso, bhagavā paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ anumodi, tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – divasaṃ cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, divasampāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi; rattiṃ cepi…pe… rattindivaṃ cepi maṃ bhagavā…pe… dve rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā…pe… tīṇi… cattāri… pañca… cha… satta rattindivāni cepi maṃ bhagavā etamatthaṃ puccheyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, satta rattindivānipāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ byākareyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehī’’ti.

‘‘Sā hi, bhikkhu, sāriputtassa dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā, yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā divasaṃ cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, divasampi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi. Rattiṃ cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, rattimpi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya…pe… rattindivaṃ cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ, rattindivampi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya… dve rattindivāni cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ, dve rattindivānipi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya… tīṇi rattindivāni cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ, tīṇi rattindivānipi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya… cattāri rattindivāni cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ, cattāri rattindivānipi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya… pañca rattindivāni cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ, pañca rattindivānipi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya… cha rattindivāni cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ, cha rattindivānipi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya… satta rattindivāni cepāhaṃ sāriputtaṃ etamatthaṃ puccheyyaṃ aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehi, satta rattindivānipi me sāriputto etamatthaṃ byākareyya aññamaññehi padehi aññamaññehi pariyāyehī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

32. Dutiye kaḷārakhattiyoti tassa therassa nāmaṃ. Dantā panassa kaḷārā visamasaṇṭhānā, tasmā ‘‘kaḷāro’’ti vuccati. Hīnāyāvattoti hīnassa gihibhāvassa atthāya nivatto. Assāsamalatthāti assāsaṃ avassayaṃ patiṭṭhaṃ na hi nūna alattha, tayo magge tīṇi ca phalāni nūna nālatthāti dīpeti. Yadi hi tāni labheyya, na sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvatteyyāti ayaṃ therassa adhippāyo. Na khvāhaṃ, āvusoti ahaṃ kho, āvuso, ‘‘assāsaṃ patto, na patto’’ti na kaṅkhāmi. Therassa hi sāvakapāramīñāṇaṃ avassayo, tasmā so na kaṅkhati. Āyatiṃ panāvusoti iminā ‘‘āyatiṃ paṭisandhi tumhākaṃ ugghāṭitā, na ugghāṭitā’’ti arahattappattiṃ pucchati. Na khvāhaṃ, āvuso, vicikicchāmīti iminā thero tattha vicikicchābhāvaṃ dīpeti.

Yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamīti ‘‘imaṃ sutakāraṇaṃ bhagavato ārocessāmī’’ti upasaṅkami. Aññā byākatāti arahattaṃ byākataṃ. Khīṇā jātīti na therena evaṃ byākatā, ayaṃ pana thero tuṭṭho pasanno evaṃ padabyañjanāni āropetvā āha. Aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesīti taṃ sutvā satthā cintesi – ‘‘sāriputto dhīro gambhīro. Na so kenaci kāraṇena evaṃ byākarissati. Saṃkhittena pana pañho byākato bhavissati. Pakkosāpetvā naṃ pañhaṃ byākarāpessāmī’’ti aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi.

Sace taṃ sāriputtāti idaṃ bhagavā ‘‘na esa attano dhammatāya aññaṃ byākarissati, pañhametaṃ pucchissāmi, taṃ kathentova aññaṃ byākarissatī’’ti aññaṃ byākarāpetuṃ evaṃ pucchi. Yaṃnidānāvuso, jātīti, āvuso, ayaṃ jāti nāma yaṃpaccayā, tassa paccayassa khayā khīṇasmiṃ jātiyā paccaye jātisaṅkhātaṃ phalaṃ khīṇanti viditaṃ. Idhāpi ca thero pañhe akaṅkhitvā ajjhāsaye kaṅkhati. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘aññā nāma taṇhā khīṇā, upādānaṃ khīṇaṃ, bhavo khīṇo, paccayo khīṇo, kilesā khīṇātiādīhi bahūhi kāraṇehi sakkā byākātuṃ, kathaṃ kathento pana satthu ajjhāsayaṃ gahetuṃ sakkhissāmī’’ti.

3. Ñāṇavatthusuttaṃ

33. Sāvatthiyaṃ…pe… ‘‘catucattārīsaṃ vo, bhikkhave, ñāṇavatthūni desessāmi, taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamāni katamāni ca (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.), bhikkhave, catucattārīsaṃ ñāṇavatthūni? Jarāmaraṇe ñāṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ; jātiyā ñāṇaṃ, jātisamudaye ñāṇaṃ, jātinirodhe ñāṇaṃ, jātinirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ; bhave ñāṇaṃ, bhavasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, bhavanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, bhavanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ; upādāne ñāṇaṃ, upādānasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, upādānanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, upādānanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ; taṇhāya ñāṇaṃ, taṇhāsamudaye ñāṇaṃ, taṇhānirodhe ñāṇaṃ, taṇhānirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ; vedanāya ñāṇaṃ, vedanāsamudaye ñāṇaṃ, vedanānirodhe ñāṇaṃ, vedanānirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ; phasse ñāṇaṃ…pe… saḷāyatane ñāṇaṃ… nāmarūpe ñāṇaṃ… viññāṇe ñāṇaṃ… saṅkhāresu ñāṇaṃ, saṅkhārasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, saṅkhāranirodhe ñāṇaṃ, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ. Imāni vuccanti, bhikkhave, catucattārīsaṃ ñāṇavatthūni.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ? Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhi tamhi sattanikāye jarā jīraṇatā khaṇḍiccaṃ pāliccaṃ valittacatā āyuno saṃhāni indriyānaṃ paripāko, ayaṃ vuccati jarā. Yā tesaṃ tesaṃ sattānaṃ tamhā tamhā sattanikāyā cuti cavanatā bhedo antaradhānaṃ maccu maraṇaṃ kālakiriyā khandhānaṃ bhedo kaḷevarassa nikkhepo. Idaṃ vuccati maraṇaṃ. Iti ayañca jarā, idañca maraṇaṃ; idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, jarāmaraṇaṃ.

‘‘Jātisamudayā jarāmaraṇasamudayo; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho; ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti, idamassa dhamme ñāṇaṃ. So iminā dhammena diṭṭhena viditena akālikena pattena pariyogāḷhena atītānāgatena yaṃ neti.

‘‘Ye kho keci atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, sabbe te evameva abbhaññaṃsu, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahi.

‘‘Yepi hi keci anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ abhijānissanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ abhijānissanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ abhijānissanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhijānissanti, sabbe te evameva abhijānissanti, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahīti. Idamassa anvaye ñāṇaṃ.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa imāni dve ñāṇāni parisuddhāni honti pariyodātāni – dhamme ñāṇañca anvaye ñāṇañca. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako diṭṭhisampanno itipi, dassanasampanno itipi, āgato imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, passati imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, sekkhena ñāṇena samannāgato itipi, sekkhāya vijjāya samannāgato itipi, dhammasotaṃ samāpanno itipi, ariyo nibbedhikapañño itipi, amatadvāraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati itipīti.

‘‘Katamā ca, bhikkhave, jāti…pe… katamo ca, bhikkhave, bhavo… katamañca, bhikkhave, upādānaṃ… katamā ca, bhikkhave taṇhā… katamā ca, bhikkhave, vedanā… katamo ca, bhikkhave, phasso… katamañca, bhikkhave, saḷāyatanaṃ… katamañca, bhikkhave, nāmarūpaṃ … katamañca, bhikkhave, viññāṇaṃ… katame ca, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā? Tayome, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā – kāyasaṅkhāro, vacīsaṅkhāro, cittasaṅkhāroti. Ime vuccanti, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā.

‘‘Avijjāsamudayā saṅkhārasamudayo; avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅkhāranirodhagāminī paṭipadā, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṃ saṅkhāre pajānāti, evaṃ saṅkhārasamudayaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhaṃ pajānāti, evaṃ saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānāti, idamassa dhamme ñāṇaṃ. So iminā dhammena diṭṭhena viditena akālikena pattena pariyogāḷhena atītānāgatena yaṃ neti.

‘‘Ye kho keci atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā saṅkhāre abbhaññaṃsu, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, sabbe te evameva abbhaññaṃsu, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahi.

‘‘Yepi hi keci anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā saṅkhāre abhijānissanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ abhijānissanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ abhijānissanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abhijānissanti, sabbe te evameva abhijānissanti, seyyathāpāhaṃ etarahi. Idamassa anvaye ñāṇaṃ.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa imāni dve ñāṇāni parisuddhāni honti pariyodātāni – dhamme ñāṇañca anvaye ñāṇañca. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako diṭṭhisampanno itipi, dassanasampanno itipi, āgato imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, passati imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, sekkhena ñāṇena samannāgato itipi, sekkhāya vijjāya samannāgato itipi, dhammasotaṃ samāpanno itipi, ariyo nibbedhikapañño itipi, amatadvāraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati itipī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

33. Tatiye taṃ suṇāthāti taṃ ñāṇavatthudesanaṃ suṇātha. Ñāṇavatthūnīti cettha ñāṇameva ñāṇavatthūti veditabbaṃ. Jarāmaraṇe ñāṇantiādīsu catūsu paṭhamaṃ savanamayañāṇaṃ sammasanañāṇaṃ paṭivedhañāṇaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇanti catubbidhaṃ vaṭṭati, tathā dutiyaṃ. Tatiyaṃ pana ṭhapetvā sammasanañāṇaṃ tividhameva hoti, tathā catutthaṃ. Lokuttaradhammesu hi sammasanaṃ nāma natthi. Jātiyā ñāṇantiādīsupi eseva nayo. Iminā dhammenāti iminā catusaccadhammena vā maggañāṇadhammena vā.

Diṭṭhenātiādīsu diṭṭhenāti ñāṇacakkhunā diṭṭhena. Viditenāti paññāya viditena. Akālikenāti kiñci kālaṃ anatikkamitvā paṭivedhānantaraṃyeva phaladāyakena. Pattenāti adhigatena. Pariyogāḷhenāti pariyogāhitena paññāya anupaviṭṭhena. Atītānāgate nayaṃ netīti ‘‘ye kho kecī’’tiādinā nayena atīte ca anāgate ca nayaṃ neti. Ettha ca na catusaccadhammena vā maggañāṇadhammena vā sakkā atītānāgate nayaṃ netuṃ, catusacce pana maggañāṇena paṭividdhe parato paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ nāma hoti. Tena nayaṃ netīti veditabbā. Abbhaññaṃsūti abhiaññaṃsu jāniṃsu. Seyyathāpāhaṃ, etarahīti yathā ahaṃ etarahi catusaccavasena jānāmi. Anvaye ñāṇanti anuaye ñāṇaṃ, dhammañāṇassa anugamane ñāṇaṃ, paccavekkhaṇañāṇassetaṃ nāmaṃ. Dhamme ñāṇanti maggañāṇaṃ. Imasmiṃ sutte khīṇāsavassa sekkhabhūmi kathitā hoti. Tatiyaṃ.

33. Ñāṇameva ñāṇavatthu sampattīnaṃ kāraṇabhāvato. Catūsūti catusaccassa bodhanavasena vuttesu catūsu ñāṇesu. Paṭhamanti ‘‘jarāmaraṇe ñāṇa’’nti evaṃ vuttaṃ ñāṇaṃ, yena dhāraṇaparicayamanasikāravasena pavattaṃ sabbaṃ gaṇhi. Sannicayañāṇamayaṃ savanamayaṃ nāmatveva veditabbaṃ. Sabhāvato paccayato cassa pariggaṇhanañāṇaṃ sammasanañāṇaṃtveva veditabbaṃ. Jarāmaraṇasīsena cettha jarāmaraṇavantova dhammā gahitā. Paṭivedhañāṇanti asammohato paṭivijjhanañāṇaṃ. Iminā dhammenāti hetumhi karaṇavacanaṃ. Imassa hi dhammassa adhigamahetu ayaṃ ariyo atītānāgate nayenapi catusaccadhamme abhisambujjhati. Maggañāṇameva pana atītānāgate nayanasadisaṃ katvā dassetuṃ **‘‘maggañāṇadhammena vā’’**ti dutiyavikappo vutto. Evañhi ‘‘akālika’’nti samatthitaṃ hoti.

4. Dutiyañāṇavatthusuttaṃ

34. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘sattasattari vo, bhikkhave, ñāṇavatthūni desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamāni, bhikkhave, sattasattari ñāṇavatthūni? Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ; asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ; atītampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ; anāgatampi addhānaṃ jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ, asati jātiyā natthi jarāmaraṇanti ñāṇaṃ; yampissa taṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ tampi khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti ñāṇaṃ.

‘‘Bhavapaccayā jātīti ñāṇaṃ…pe… upādānapaccayā bhavoti ñāṇaṃ… taṇhāpaccayā upādānanti ñāṇaṃ… vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti ñāṇaṃ… phassapaccayā vedanāti ñāṇaṃ… saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti ñāṇaṃ… nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti ñāṇaṃ… viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti ñāṇaṃ… saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇanti ñāṇaṃ; avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ; atītampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ; anāgatampi addhānaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ, asati avijjāya natthi saṅkhārāti ñāṇaṃ; yampissa taṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ tampi khayadhammaṃ vayadhammaṃ virāgadhammaṃ nirodhadhammanti ñāṇaṃ. Imāni vuccanti, bhikkhave, sattasattari ñāṇavatthūnī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

34. Catutthe sattasattarīti satta ca sattari ca. Byañjanabhāṇakā kira te bhikkhū, bahubyañjanaṃ katvā vuccamāne paṭivijjhituṃ sakkonti, tasmā tesaṃ ajjhāsayena idaṃ suttaṃ vuttaṃ. Dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇanti paccayākāre ñāṇaṃ. Paccayākāro hi dhammānaṃ pavattiṭṭhitikāraṇattā dhammaṭṭhitīti vuccati, ettha ñāṇaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, etasseva chabbidhassa ñāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Khayadhammanti khayagamanasabhāvaṃ. Vayadhammanti vayagamanasabhāvaṃ. Virāgadhammanti virajjanasabhāvaṃ. Nirodhadhammanti nirujjhanasabhāvaṃ. Sattasattarīti ekekasmiṃ satta satta katvā ekādasasu padesu sattasattari. Imasmiṃ sutte vipassanāpaṭivipassanā kathitā. Catutthaṃ.

34. Sattarīti ta-kārassa ra-kārādesaṃ vuttaṃ. Sattatisaddena vā samānattho sattarisaddo. Byañjanarucivasena byañjanaṃ bhaṇantīti byañjanabhāṇakā. Tenāha ‘‘bahubyañjanaṃ katvā’’tiādi. Tiṭṭhati tattha phalaṃ tadāyattavuttitāyāti ṭhiti, paccuppannalakkhaṇassa dhammassa ṭhiti dhammaṭṭhiti. Atha vā dhammoti kāraṇaṃ, paccayoti attho. Dhammassa yo ṭhitisabhāvo, sova dhammato añño natthīti dhammaṭṭhiti, paccayo. Tattha ñāṇaṃ dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ. Tenāha āyasmā dhammasenāpati – ‘‘paccayapariggahe paññā dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. mātikā 4). Tathā cāha **‘‘paccayākāre ñāṇa’’**ntiādi. Tattha dhammānanti paccayuppannadhammānaṃ. Pavattiṭṭhitikāraṇattāti pavattisaṅkhātāya ṭhitiyā kāraṇattā. ‘‘Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’ntiādinā addhattaye anvayabyatirekavasena pavattiyā chabbidhassa ñāṇassa. Khayo nāma vināso, sova bhedoti. Virajjanaṃ palujjanaṃ. Nirujjhanaṃ antaradhānaṃ. Ekekasminti jarāmaraṇādīsu ekekasmiṃ. Pubbe ‘‘yathābhūtañāṇa’’nti taruṇavipassanaṃ āha. Tasmā idhāpi dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ vipassanāti gahetvā **‘‘vipassanāpaṭivipassanā kathitā’’**ti vuttaṃ.

Dutiyañāṇavatthusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Avijjāpaccayasuttaṃ

35. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘katamaṃ nu kho, bhante, jarāmaraṇaṃ, kassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇa’nti? ‘No kallo pañho’ti bhagavā avoca, ‘katamaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, kassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇa’nti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ aññassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇa’nti, iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṃ ekatthaṃ byañjanameva nānaṃ. Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Katamā nu kho, bhante, jāti, kassa ca panāyaṃ jātī’’ti? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca, ‘‘‘katamā jāti, kassa ca panāyaṃ jātī’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññā jāti aññassa ca panāyaṃ jātī’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṃ ekatthaṃ byañjanameva nānaṃ. Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘bhavapaccayā jātī’’’ti.

‘‘Katamo nu kho, bhante, bhavo, kassa ca panāyaṃ bhavo’’ti? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca, ‘‘‘katamo bhavo, kassa ca panāyaṃ bhavo’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘añño bhavo aññassa ca panāyaṃ bhavo’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṃ ekatthaṃ byañjanameva nānaṃ. Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti; aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘upādānapaccayā bhavo’ti…pe… ‘taṇhāpaccayā upādānanti… vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti… phassapaccayā vedanāti… saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti… nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti… viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti… saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Katame nu kho, bhante, saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’’ti? ‘‘No kallo pañho’’ti bhagavā avoca, ‘‘‘katame saṅkhārā kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ‘aññe saṅkhārā aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ti iti vā, bhikkhu, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṃ ekatthaṃ byañjanameva nānaṃ. Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti; aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīranti vā, bhikkhu, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Ete te, bhikkhu, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’’ti.

‘‘Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici. ‘Katamaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, kassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, aññassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ’ iti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā. Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṃ anuppādadhammāni.

‘‘Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici. ‘Katamā jāti, kassa ca panāyaṃ jāti’ iti vā, ‘aññā jāti, aññassa ca panāyaṃ jāti’ iti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā. Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṃ anuppādadhammāni.

‘‘Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici. Katamo bhavo…pe… katamaṃ upādānaṃ… katamā taṇhā… katamā vedanā… katamo phasso… katamaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ… katamaṃ nāmarūpaṃ… katamaṃ viññāṇaṃ…pe….

‘‘Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhu, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici. ‘Katame saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā, ‘aññe saṅkhārā, aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ, aññaṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā. Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṃ anuppādadhammānī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

35. Pañcame samudayo hotīti satthā idheva desanaṃ osāpesi. Kiṃkāraṇāti? Diṭṭhigatikassa okāsadānatthaṃ. Tassañhi parisati upārambhacitto diṭṭhigatiko atthi, so pañhaṃ pucchissati, athassāhaṃ vissajjessāmīti tassa okāsadānatthaṃ desanaṃ osāpesi. No kallo pañhoti ayutto pañho. Duppañho esoti attho. Nanu ca ‘‘katamaṃ nu kho, bhante, jarāmaraṇa’’nti? Idaṃ supucchitanti. Kiñcāpi supucchitaṃ, yathā pana satasahassagghanike suvaṇṇathāle vaḍḍhitassa subhojanassa matthake āmalakamattepi gūthapiṇḍe ṭhapite sabbaṃ bhojanaṃ dubbhojanaṃ hoti chaḍḍetabbaṃ, evameva ‘‘kassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇa’’nti? Iminā sattūpaladdhivādapadena gūthapiṇḍena taṃ bhojanaṃ dubbhojanaṃ viya ayampi sabbo duppañhova jātoti.

Brahmacariyavāsoti ariyamaggavāso. Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīranti yassa hi ayaṃ diṭṭhi, so ‘‘jīve ucchijjamāne sarīraṃ ucchijjati, sarīre ucchijjante jīvitaṃ ucchijjatī’’ti gaṇhāti. Evaṃ gaṇhato sā diṭṭhi ‘‘satto ucchijjatī’’ti gahitattā ucchedadiṭṭhi nāma hoti. Sace pana saṅkhārāva uppajjanti ceva nirujjhanti cāti gaṇheyya, sāsanāvacarā sammādiṭṭhi nāma bhaveyya. Ariyamaggo ca nāmeso vaṭṭaṃ nirodhento vaṭṭaṃ samucchindanto uppajjati, tadeva taṃ vaṭṭaṃ ucchedadiṭṭhiyā gahitākārassa sambhave sati vināva maggabhāvanāya nirujjhatīti maggabhāvanā niratthakā hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘brahmacariyavāso na hotī’’ti.

Dutiyanaye aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīranti yassa ayaṃ diṭṭhi, so ‘‘sarīraṃ idheva ucchijjati, na jīvitaṃ, jīvitaṃ pana pañjarato sakuṇo viya yathāsukhaṃ gacchatī’’ti gaṇhāti. Evaṃ gaṇhato sā diṭṭhi ‘‘imasmā lokā jīvitaṃ paralokaṃ gata’’nti gahitattā sassatadiṭṭhi nāma hoti. Ayañca ariyamaggo tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ vivaṭṭento uppajjati, so ekasaṅkhārepi nicce dhuve sassate sati uppannopi vaṭṭaṃ vivaṭṭetuṃ na sakkotīti maggabhāvanā niratthakā hoti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīranti vā bhikkhu diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hotī’’ti.

Visūkāyikānītiādi sabbaṃ micchādiṭṭhivevacanameva. Sā hi sammādiṭṭhiyā vinivijjhanaṭṭhena visūkamiva attānaṃ āvaraṇato visūkāyikaṃ, sammādiṭṭhiṃ ananuvattitvā tassā virodhena pavattanato visevitaṃ, kadāci ucchedassa kadāci sassatassa gahaṇato virūpaṃ phanditaṃ vipphanditanti vuccati. Tālāvatthukatānīti tālavatthu viya katāni, puna aviruhaṇaṭṭhena matthakacchinnatālo viya samūlaṃ tālaṃ uddharitvā tassa patiṭṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ viya ca katānīti attho. Anabhāvaṃkatānīti anuabhāvaṃ katānīti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dutiyaavijjāpaccayasuttaṃ

36. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘avijjāpaccayā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘‘Katamaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, kassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇa’nti iti vā, bhikkhave, yo vadeyya, ‘aññaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, aññassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇa’nti iti vā, bhikkhave, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṃ ekatthaṃ byañjanameva nānaṃ. ‘Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. ‘Aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Ete te, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Katamā jāti…pe… katamo bhavo… katamaṃ upādānaṃ… katamā taṇhā… katamā vedanā… katamo phasso… katamaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ… katamaṃ nāmarūpaṃ… katamaṃ viññāṇaṃ… katame saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārāti iti vā, bhikkhave, yo vadeyya, ‘aññe saṅkhārā aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ti iti vā, bhikkhave, yo vadeyya, ubhayametaṃ ekatthaṃ byañjanameva nānaṃ. ‘Taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. ‘Aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, bhikkhave, diṭṭhiyā sati brahmacariyavāso na hoti. Ete te, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’’ti.

‘‘Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhave, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici. ‘Katamaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, kassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, aññassa ca panidaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ’ iti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ, aññaṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā. Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṃ anuppādadhammāni.

‘‘Avijjāya tveva, bhikkhave, asesavirāganirodhā yānissa tāni visūkāyikāni visevitāni vipphanditāni kānici kānici. Katamā jāti…pe… katamo bhavo… katamaṃ upādānaṃ… katamā taṇhā… katamā vedanā… katamo phasso… katamaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ… katamaṃ nāmarūpaṃ… katamaṃ viññāṇaṃ… ‘katame saṅkhārā, kassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā, ‘aññe saṅkhārā, aññassa ca panime saṅkhārā’ iti vā; ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīraṃ’ iti vā. Sabbānissa tāni pahīnāni bhavanti ucchinnamūlāni tālāvatthukatāni anabhāvaṅkatāni āyatiṃ anuppādadhammānī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

36. Chaṭṭhe iti vā, bhikkhave, yo vadeyyāti tassaṃ parisati diṭṭhigatiko pañhaṃ pucchitukāmo atthi, so pana avisāradadhātuko uṭṭhāya dasabalaṃ pucchituṃ na sakkoti, tasmā tassa ajjhāsayena sayameva pucchitvā vissajjento satthā evamāha. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

36. Iti vāti evaṃ vā. Jarāmaraṇassa ceva jarāmaraṇasāmikassa ca khaṇavasena yo vadeyya. Avisāradadhātuko pucchituṃ acchekatāya maṅkubhāvena jāto. Tenāha **‘‘pucchituṃ na sakkotī’’**ti.

Dutiyaavijjāpaccayasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Natumhasuttaṃ

37. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘nāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kāyo tumhākaṃ napi aññesaṃ. Purāṇamidaṃ, bhikkhave, kammaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ vedaniyaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ’’.

‘‘Tatra kho, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaññeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti – ‘iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati; imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati, yadidaṃ – avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

37. Sattame na tumhākanti attani hi sati attaniyaṃ nāma hoti. Attāyeva ca natthi, tasmā ‘‘na tumhāka’’nti āha. Napi aññesanti añño nāma paresaṃ attā, tasmiṃ sati aññesaṃ nāma siyā, sopi natthi, tasmā ‘‘napi aññesa’’nti āha. Purāṇamidaṃ, bhikkhave, kammanti nayidaṃ purāṇakammameva, purāṇakammanibbatto panesa kāyo, tasmā paccayavohārena evaṃ vutto. Abhisaṅkhatantiādi kammavohārasseva vasena purimaliṅgasabhāgatāya vuttaṃ, ayaṃ panettha attho – abhisaṅkhatanti paccayehi katoti daṭṭhabbo. Abhisañcetayitanti cetanāvatthuko cetanāmūlakoti daṭṭhabbo. Vedaniyanti vedaniyavatthūti daṭṭhabbo. Sattamaṃ.

37. Na tumhākanti kāyassa anattaniyabhāvadassanameva panetanti yā tassa anattaniyatā, taṃ dassetuṃ **‘‘attani hī’’**tiādi vuttaṃ. Yadi na attaniyaṃ, parakiyaṃ nāma siyāti, tampi natthīti dassento **‘‘nāpi aññesa’’**nti āha. Nayidaṃ purāṇakammamevāti ‘‘idaṃ kāyo’’ti vuttasarīraṃ purāṇakammameva na hoti. Na hi kāyo vedanāsabhāvo. Paccayavohārenāti kāraṇopacārena. Abhisaṅkhatantiādi napuṃsakaliṅgavacanaṃ. Purimaliṅgasabhāgatāyāti ‘‘purāṇamidaṃ kamma’’nti evaṃ vuttapurimanapuṃsakaliṅgasabhāgatāya. Aññamaññābhimukhehi samecca paccayehi kato abhisaṅkhatoti āha **‘‘paccayehi katoti daṭṭhabbo’’**ti. Abhisañcetayitanti tathā abhisaṅkhatattasaṅkhātena abhimukhabhāvena cetayitaṃ pakappitaṃ, pavattitanti attho. Cetanāvatthukoti cetanāhetuko. Vedaniyanti vedanāya hitaṃ vatthārammaṇabhāvena vedanāya paccayabhāvato. Tenāha **‘‘vedaniyavatthū’’**ti.

Natumhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Cetanāsuttaṃ

38. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. ‘‘Yañca, bhikkhave, ceteti yañca pakappeti yañca anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ āramaṇametaṃ (?) hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe sati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa hoti. Tasmiṃ patiṭṭhite viññāṇe virūḷhe āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti hoti. Āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiyā sati āyatiṃ jāti jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘No ce, bhikkhave, ceteti no ce pakappeti, atha ce anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe sati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa hoti. Tasmiṃ patiṭṭhite viññāṇe virūḷhe āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti hoti. Āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiyā sati āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, no ceva ceteti no ca pakappeti no ca anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ na hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe asati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Tadappatiṭṭhite viññāṇe avirūḷhe āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti na hoti. Āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattiyā asati āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

38. Aṭṭhame yañca, bhikkhave, cetetīti yaṃ cetanaṃ ceteti, pavattetīti attho. Yañca pakappetīti yaṃ pakappanaṃ pakappeti, pavatteticceva attho. Yañca anusetīti yañca anusayaṃ anuseti, pavatteticceva attho. Ettha ca cetetīti tebhūmakakusalākusalacetanā gahitā, pakappetīti aṭṭhasu lobhasahagatacittesu taṇhādiṭṭhikappā gahitā, anusetīti dvādasannaṃ cetanānaṃ sahajātakoṭiyā ceva upanissayakoṭiyā ca anusayo gahito. Ārammaṇametaṃ hotīti (cetanādidhammajāte sati kammaviññāṇassa uppattiyā avāritattā) etaṃ cetanādidhammajātaṃ paccayo hoti. Paccayo hi idha ārammaṇanti adhippetā. Viññāṇassa ṭhitiyāti kammaviññāṇassa ṭhitatthaṃ. Ārammaṇe satīti tasmiṃ paccaye sati. Patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa hotīti tassa kammaviññāṇassa patiṭṭhā hoti. Tasmiṃ patiṭṭhite viññāṇeti tasmiṃ kammaviññāṇe patiṭṭhite. Virūḷheti kammaṃ javāpetvā paṭisandhiākaḍḍhanasamatthatāya nibbattamūle jāte. Punabbhavābhinibbattīti punabbhavasaṅkhātā abhinibbatti.

No ce, bhikkhave, cetetīti iminā tebhūmakacetanāya appavattanakkhaṇo vutto. No ce pakappetīti iminā taṇhādiṭṭhikappānaṃ appavattanakkhaṇo. Atha ce anusetīti iminā tebhūmakavipākesu parittakiriyāsu rūpeti ettha appahīnakoṭiyā anusayo gahito. Ārammaṇametaṃ hotīti anusaye sati kammaviññāṇassa uppattiyā avāritattā etaṃ anusayajātaṃ paccayova hoti.

No ceva cetetītiādīsu paṭhamapade tebhūmakakusalākusalacetanā nivattā, dutiyapade aṭṭhasu cittesu taṇhādiṭṭhiyo, tatiyapade vuttappakāresu dhammesu yo appahīnakoṭiyā anusayito anusayo, so nivatto.

Apicettha asammohatthaṃ ceteti pakappeti anuseti, ceteti na pakappeti anuseti, na ceteti na pakappeti anuseti, na ceteti na pakappeti na anusetīti idampi catukkaṃ veditabbaṃ. Tattha paṭhamanaye dhammaparicchedo dassito. Dutiyanaye cetetīti tebhūmakakusalacetanā ceva catasso ca akusalacetanā gahitā. Na pakappetīti aṭṭhasu cittesu taṇhādiṭṭhiyo nivattā. Anusetīti tebhūmakakusale upanissayakoṭiyā, catūsu akusalacetanāsu sahajātakoṭiyā ceva upanissayakoṭiyā ca anusayo gahito. Tatiyanaye na cetetīti tebhūmakakusalākusalaṃ nivattaṃ, na pakappetīti aṭṭhasu cittesu taṇhādiṭṭhiyo nivattā, anusetīti sutte āgataṃ vāretvā tebhūmakakusalākusalavipākakiriyārūpesu appahīnakoṭiyā upanissayo gahito. Catutthanayo purimasadisova.

9. Dutiyacetanāsuttaṃ

39. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yañca, bhikkhave, ceteti yañca pakappeti yañca anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe sati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa hoti. Tasmiṃ patiṭṭhite viññāṇe virūḷhe nāmarūpassa avakkanti hoti. Nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ; saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso; phassapaccayā vedanā…pe… taṇhā… upādānaṃ… bhavo… jāti… jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘No ce, bhikkhave, ceteti no ce pakappeti, atha ce anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe sati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa hoti. Tasmiṃ patiṭṭhite viññāṇe virūḷhe nāmarūpassa avakkanti hoti. Nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, no ceva ceteti no ca pakappeti no ca anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ na hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe asati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Tadappatiṭṭhite viññāṇe avirūḷhe nāmarūpassa avakkanti na hoti. Nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

39. Navame viññāṇanāmarūpānaṃ antare eko sandhi, vedanātaṇhānamantare eko, bhavajātīnamantare ekoti. Navamaṃ.

39. Viññāṇanāmarūpānaṃ antare eko sandhīti hetuphalasandhi viññāṇaggahaṇena kammaviññāṇassa gahitattā. Nāmarūpaṃ pana vipākanāmarūpamevāti pākaṭameva. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.

Dutiyacetanāsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Tatiyacetanāsuttaṃ

40. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yañca, bhikkhave, ceteti yañca pakappeti yañca anuseti ārammaṇametaṃ hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe sati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa hoti. Tasmiṃ patiṭṭhite viññāṇe virūḷhe nati hoti. Natiyā sati āgatigati hoti. Āgatigatiyā sati cutūpapāto hoti. Cutūpapāte sati āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘No ce, bhikkhave, ceteti no ce pakappeti atha ce anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe sati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa hoti. Tasmiṃ patiṭṭhite viññāṇe virūḷhe nati hoti. Natiyā sati āgatigati hoti. Āgatigatiyā sati cutūpapāto hoti. Cutūpapāte sati āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, no ceva ceteti no ca pakappeti no ca anuseti, ārammaṇametaṃ na hoti viññāṇassa ṭhitiyā. Ārammaṇe asati patiṭṭhā viññāṇassa na hoti. Tadappatiṭṭhite viññāṇe avirūḷhe nati na hoti. Natiyā asati āgatigati na hoti. Āgatigatiyā asati cutūpapāto na hoti. Cutūpapāte asati āyatiṃ jāti jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Kaḷārakhattiyavaggo catuttho.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Bhūtamidaṃ kaḷārañca, duve ca ñāṇavatthūni;

Avijjāpaccayā ca dve, natumhā cetanā tayoti.

40. Dasame natīti taṇhā. Sā hi piyarūpesu rūpādīsu namanaṭṭhena ‘‘natī’’ti vuccati. Āgati gati hotīti āgatimhi gati hoti, āgate paccupaṭṭhite kamme vā kammanimitte vā gahinimitte vā paṭisandhivasena viññāṇassa gati hoti. Cutūpapātoti evaṃ viññāṇassa āgate paṭisandhivisaye gatiyā sati ito cavanasaṅkhātā cuti, tatthūpapattisaṅkhāto upapātoti ayaṃ cutūpapāto nāma hoti. Evaṃ imasmiṃ sutte natiyā ca āgatigatiyā ca antare ekova sandhi kathitoti. Dasamaṃ.

Kaḷārakhattiyavaggo catuttho.

40. Rūpādīsu chasu ārammaṇesu. Tena cettha bhavattayaṃ saṅgaṇhāti chaḷārammaṇapariyāpannattā. Tasseva bhavattayassa patthanā paṇidhānādivasena nati nāma. Āgatimhi gatīti paccupaṭṭhānavasena abhimukhaṃ gati pavatti etasmāti āgati, kammādinimittaṃ. Tasmiṃ paṭisandhiviññāṇassa gati pavatti nibbatti hoti. Tenāha **‘‘āgate’’**tiādi. Cutūpapātoti cavanaṃ cuti, maraṇaṃ. Upapajjanaṃ nibbatti, upapāto. Cutito upapāto punaruppādo. Tenāha **‘‘evaṃ viññāṇassā’’**tiādi. Itoti nibbattabhavato. Tatthāti punabbhavasaṅkhāte āyatibhave. Ekova sandhīti eko hetuphalasandhi eva kathito.

Tatiyacetanāsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Kaḷārakhattiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Gahapativaggo

1. Pañcaverabhayasuttaṃ

41. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho anāthapiṇḍiko gahapati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho anāthapiṇḍikaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’’’ti.

‘‘Katamāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti? Yaṃ, gahapati, pāṇātipātī pāṇātipātapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, adinnādāyī adinnādānapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, adinnādānā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, kāmesumicchācārī kāmesumicchācārapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, musāvādī musāvādapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, musāvādā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti.

‘‘Yaṃ, gahapati, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānapaccayā diṭṭhadhammikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, samparāyikampi bhayaṃ veraṃ pasavati, cetasikampi dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratassa evaṃ taṃ bhayaṃ veraṃ vūpasantaṃ hoti. Imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti.

‘‘Katamehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako buddhe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’’’ti.

‘‘Dhamme aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’’’ti.

‘‘Saṅghe aveccappasādena samannāgato hoti – ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā, esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’’’ti.

‘‘Ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti akhaṇḍehi acchiddehi asabalehi akammāsehi bhujissehi viññuppasatthehi aparāmaṭṭhehi samādhisaṃvattanikehi. Imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti.

‘‘Katamo cassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaññeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti – ‘iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti; imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati. Yadidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti. Ayamassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho.

‘‘Yato kho, gahapati, ariyasāvakassa imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ayañcassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’’’ti.

41. Gahapativaggassa paṭhame yatoti yadā. Bhayāni verānīti bhayaveracetanāyo. Sotāpattiyaṅgehīti duvidhaṃ sotāpattiyā aṅgaṃ, (sotāpattiyā ca aṅgaṃ,) yaṃ pubbabhāge sotāpattipaṭilābhāya saṃvattati, ‘‘sappurisasaṃsevo saddhammassavanaṃ yonisomanasikāro dhammānudhammappaṭipattī’’ti (dī. ni. 3.311) evaṃ āgataṃ, paṭiladdhaguṇassa ca sotāpattiṃ patvā ṭhitassa aṅgaṃ, yaṃ sotāpannassa aṅgantipi vuccati, buddhe aveccappasādādīnaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Idamidha adhippetaṃ. Ariyoti niddoso nirupārambho. Ñāyoti paṭiccasamuppannaṃ ñatvā ṭhitañāṇampi paṭiccasamuppādopi. Yathāha – ‘‘ñāyo vuccati paṭiccasamuppādo, ariyopi aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo ñāyo’’ti. Paññāyāti aparāparaṃ uppannāya vipassanāpaññāya. Sudiṭṭho hotīti aparāparaṃ uppajjitvā dassanavasena suṭṭhu diṭṭho.

Khīṇanirayotiādīsu āyatiṃ tattha anuppajjanatāya khīṇo nirayo mayhanti so ahaṃ khīṇanirayo. Esa nayo sabbattha. Sotāpannoti maggasotaṃ āpanno. Avinipātadhammoti na vinipātasabhāvo. Niyatoti paṭhamamaggasaṅkhātena sammattaniyāmena niyato. Sambodhiparāyanoti uttarimaggattayasaṅkhāto sambodhi paraṃ ayanaṃ mayhanti sohaṃ sambodhiparāyano, taṃ sambodhiṃ avassaṃ abhisambujjhanakoti attho.

Pāṇātipātapaccayāti pāṇātipātakammakāraṇā. Bhayaṃ veranti atthato ekaṃ. Verañca nāmetaṃ duvidhaṃ hoti bāhiraṃ ajjhattikanti. Ekena hi ekassa pitā mārito hoti, so cintesi ‘‘etena kira me pitā mārito, ahampi taṃyeva māressāmī’’ti nisitaṃ satthaṃ ādāya carati. Yā tassa abbhantare uppannaveracetanā, idaṃ bāhiraṃ veraṃ nāma. Yā pana itarassa ‘‘ayaṃ kira maṃ māressāmīti carati, ahameva naṃ paṭhamataraṃ māressāmī’’ti cetanā uppajjati, idaṃ ajjhattikaṃ veraṃ nāma. Idaṃ tāva ubhayampi diṭṭhadhammikameva. Yā pana taṃ niraye uppannaṃ disvā ‘‘etaṃ paharissāmī’’ti jalitaṃ ayamuggaraṃ gaṇhato nirayapālassa cetanā uppajjati, idamassa samparāyikaṃ bāhiraveraṃ. Yā cassa ‘‘ayaṃ niddosaṃ maṃ paharissāmīti āgacchati, ahameva naṃ paṭhamataraṃ paharissāmī’’ti cetanā uppajjati, idamassa samparāyikaṃ ajjhattaveraṃ. Yaṃ panetaṃ bāhiraveraṃ, taṃ aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘puggalavera’’nti vuttaṃ. Dukkhaṃ domanassanti atthato ekameva. Yathā cettha, evaṃ sesapadesupi ‘‘iminā mama bhaṇḍaṃ haṭaṃ, mayhaṃ dāresu cārittaṃ āpannaṃ, musā vatvā attho bhaggo, surāmadamattena idaṃ nāma kata’’ntiādinā nayena veruppatti veditabbā. Aveccappasādenāti adhigatena acalappasādena. Ariyakantehīti pañcahi sīlehi. Tāni hi ariyānaṃ kantāni piyāni. Bhavantaragatāpi ariyā tāni na vijahanti, tasmā ‘‘ariyakantānī’’ti vuccanti. Sesamettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā, taṃ sabbaṃ visuddhimagge anussatiniddese vuttameva. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Dutiyapañcaverabhayasuttaṃ

42. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, catūhi ca sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ariyo cassa ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’’’ti.

‘‘Katamāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti? Yaṃ, bhikkhave, pāṇātipātī …pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, adinnādāyī…pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, kāmesumicchācārī… yaṃ, bhikkhave, musāvādī… yaṃ, bhikkhave, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī…pe… imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti.

‘‘Katamehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako buddhe…pe… dhamme… saṅghe… ariyakantehi sīlehi samannāgato hoti. Imehi catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti.

‘‘Katamo cassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaññeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti…pe… ayamassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa imāni pañca bhayāni verāni vūpasantāni honti, imehi ca catūhi sotāpattiyaṅgehi samannāgato hoti, ayañcassa ariyo ñāyo paññāya sudiṭṭho hoti suppaṭividdho, so ākaṅkhamāno attanāva attānaṃ byākareyya – ‘khīṇanirayomhi khīṇatiracchānayoni khīṇapettivisayo khīṇāpāyaduggativinipāto, sotāpannohamasmi avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyano’’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

42. Dutiye bhikkhūnaṃ kathitabhāvamattameva viseso. Dutiyaṃ.

42. Bhikkhūnaṃ kathitabhāvamattameva visesoti etena yā satthārā ekaccānaṃ desitadesanā, puna tadaññesaṃ veneyyadamakusalena kālantare teneva desitā, sā dhammasaṃgāhakehi ‘‘mā no satthudesanā sampaṭiggahaṃ vinā nassatū’’ti visuṃ saṅgahaṃ āropitāti dasseti.

Dutiyapañcaverabhayasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Dukkhasuttaṃ

43. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dukkhassa, bhikkhave, samudayañca atthaṅgamañca desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa samudayo? Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa samudayo.

‘‘Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca uppajjati sotaviññāṇaṃ…pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca…pe… jivhañca paṭicca rase ca…pe… kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca…pe… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa samudayo.

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, dukkhassa atthaṅgamo? Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa atthaṅgamo.

‘‘Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca uppajjati sotaviññāṇaṃ…pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca…pe… jivhañca paṭicca rase ca…pe… kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca…pe… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa atthaṅgamo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

43. Tatiye dukkhassāti vaṭṭadukkhassa. Samudayanti dve samudayā khaṇikasamudayo ca paccayasamudayo ca. Paccayasamudayaṃ passantopi bhikkhu khaṇikasamudayaṃ passati, khaṇikasamudayaṃ passantopi paccayasamudayaṃ passati. Atthaṅgamopi accantatthaṅgamo bhedatthaṅgamoti duvidho. Accantatthaṅgamaṃ passantopi bhedatthaṅgamaṃ passati, bhedatthaṅgamaṃ passantopi accantatthaṅgamaṃ passati. Desessāmīti idaṃ vaṭṭadukkhassa samudayaatthaṅgamaṃ nibbattibhedaṃ nāma desessāmi, taṃ suṇāthāti attho. Paṭiccāti nissayavasena ceva ārammaṇavasena ca paccayaṃ katvā. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phassoti tiṇṇaṃ saṅgatiyā phasso. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dukkhassa samudayoti ayaṃ vaṭṭadukkhassa nibbatti nāma. Atthaṅgamoti bhedo. Evañhi vaṭṭadukkhaṃ bhinnaṃ hoti appaṭisandhiyaṃ. Tatiyaṃ.

43. Samudayanaṃ samudayo, samudeti etamhāti samudayo, evaṃ ubhinnaṃ samudayānamatthatopi bhedo veditabbo. Paccayāva paccayasamudayo. Āraddhavipassako ‘‘imañca imañca paccayasāmaggiṃ paṭicca ime dhammā khaṇe khaṇe uppajjantī’’ti passanto **‘‘paccayasamudayaṃ passantopi bhikkhu khaṇikasamudayaṃ passatī’’**ti vutto paccayadassanamukhena nibbattikkhaṇassa dassanato. So pana khaṇe khaṇe saṅkhārānaṃ nibbattiṃ passituṃ āraddho ‘‘imehi nāma paccayehi nibbattatī’’ti passati. ‘‘So khaṇikasamudayaṃ passanto paccayaṃ passatī’’ti vadanti. Yasmā pana paccayato saṅkhārānaṃ udayaṃ passanto khaṇato tesaṃ udayadassanaṃ hoti, khaṇato etesaṃ udayaṃ passato pageva paccayānaṃ suggahitattā paccayato dassanaṃ sukhena ijjhati, tasmā vuttaṃ **‘‘paccayasamudayaṃ passantopī’’**tiādi. Atthaṅgamadassanepi eseva nayo. Accantatthaṅgamoti appavatti nirodho nibbānanti. Bhedatthaṅgamoti khaṇikanirodho. Tadubhayaṃ pubbabhāge uggahaparipucchādivasena passanto aññatarassa dassane itaradassanampi siddhameva hoti, pubbabhāge ca ārammaṇavasena khayato vayasammasanādikāle bhedatthaṅgamaṃ passanto atirekavasena anussavādito accantaṃ atthaṅgamaṃ passati. Maggakkhaṇe panārammaṇato accantaatthaṅgamaṃ passati, asammohato itarampi passati. Taṃ sandhāyāha **‘‘accantatthaṅgamaṃ passantopī’’**tiādi. Samudayatthaṅgamaṃ nibbattibhedanti samudayasaṅkhātaṃ nibbattiṃ atthaṅgamasaṅkhātaṃ bhedañca. Nissayavasenāti cakkhussa sannissayavasena paccayaṃ katvā. Ārammaṇavasenāti rūpe ārammaṇaṃ katvā. Yaṃ panettha vattabbaṃ, taṃ madhupiṇḍikasuttaṭīkāyaṃ vuttanayena veditabbaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phassoti ‘‘cakkhu rūpāni viññāṇa’’nti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati samāgame nibbatti phassoti vuttoti āha **‘‘tiṇṇaṃ saṅgatiyā phasso’’**ti. Tiṇṇanti ca pākaṭapaccayavasena vuttaṃ, tadaññepi pana manasikārādayo phassapaccayā hontiyeva. Evanti taṇhādīnaṃ asesavirāganirodhakkamena. Bhinnaṃ hotīti anuppādanirodhena niruddhaṃ hoti. Tenāha **‘‘appaṭisandhiya’’**nti.

4. Lokasuttaṃ

44. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘lokassa, bhikkhave, samudayañca atthaṅgamañca desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, lokassa samudayo? Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, lokassa samudayo.

‘‘Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca…pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca… jivhañca paṭicca rase ca… kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā…pe… jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, lokassa samudayo.

‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, lokassa atthaṅgamo? Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, lokassa atthaṅgamo.

‘‘Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca…pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca… jivhañca paṭicca rase ca… kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. Ayaṃ kho, bhikkhave, lokassa atthaṅgamo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

44. Catutthe lokassāti saṅkhāralokassa. Ayamettha viseso. Catutthaṃ.

44. Ayamettha visesoti ‘‘ayaṃ lokassā’’ti samudayatthaṅgamānaṃ visesadassanaṃ. Ettha catutthasutte tatiyasuttato viseso.

Lokasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Ñātikasuttaṃ

45. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā ñātike viharati giñjakāvasathe. Atha kho bhagavā rahogato paṭisallāno imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ abhāsi –

‘‘Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca…pe… ghānañca paṭicca gandhe ca… jivhañca paṭicca rase ca… kāyañca paṭicca phoṭṭhabbe ca… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā; taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Cakkhuñca paṭicca rūpe ca uppajjati cakkhuviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Sotañca paṭicca sadde ca…pe… manañca paṭicca dhamme ca uppajjati manoviññāṇaṃ. Tiṇṇaṃ saṅgati phasso. Phassapaccayā vedanā; vedanāpaccayā taṇhā. Tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti.

Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu bhagavato upassuti upassutiṃ (sī. pī.) ṭhito hoti. Addasā kho bhagavā taṃ bhikkhuṃ upassuti ṭhitaṃ. Disvāna taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘assosi no tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ dhammapariyāya’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Uggaṇhāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ; pariyāpuṇāhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ; dhārehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ. Atthasaṃhito ayaṃ atthasaṃhitoyaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.), atthasaṃhitāyaṃ (pī. ka.), bhikkhu, dhammapariyāyo ādibrahmacariyako’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

45. Pañcame ñātiketi dvinnaṃ ñātakānaṃ gāme. Giñjakāvasatheti iṭṭhakāhi kate mahāpāsāde. Dhammapariyāyanti dhammakāraṇaṃ. Upassutīti upassutiṭṭhānaṃ, yaṃ ṭhānaṃ upagatena sakkā hoti bhagavato saddaṃ sotuṃ, tattha ṭhitoti attho. So kira gandhakuṭipariveṇasammajjanatthaṃ āgato attano kammaṃ pahāya bhagavato dhammaghosaṃ suṇanto aṭṭhāsi. Addasāti tadā kira bhagavato āditova paccayākāraṃ manasikarontassa ‘‘idaṃ iminā paccayena hoti, idaṃ iminā’’ti āvajjato yāva bhavaggā ekaṅgaṇaṃ ahosi, satthā manasikāraṃ pahāya vacasā sajjhāyaṃ karonto yathānusandhinā desanaṃ niṭṭhapetvā, ‘‘api nu kho imaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ koci assosī’’ti āvajjento taṃ bhikkhumaddasa. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘addasā kho bhagavā’’ti.

Assosi noti assosi nu. Atha vā assosi noti amhākaṃ bhāsantānaṃ assosīti. Uggaṇhāhītiādīsu sutvā tuṇhībhūtova paguṇaṃ karonto uggaṇhāti nāma. Padānupadaṃ ghaṭetvā vācāya paricitaṃ karonto pariyāpuṇāti nāma. Ubhayathāpi paguṇaṃ ādhārappattaṃ karonto dhāreti nāma. Atthasaṃhitoti kāraṇanissito. Ādibrahmacariyakoti maggabrahmacariyassa ādi patiṭṭhānabhūto. Iti tīsupi imesu suttesu vaṭṭavivaṭṭameva kathitaṃ. Pañcamaṃ.

45. Aññamaññaṃ dvinnaṃ ñātīnaṃ gāmo ñātikoti vuttoti āha **‘‘dvinnaṃ ñātakānaṃ gāme’’**ti. Giñjakā vuccanti iṭṭhakā, giñjakāhi eva kato āvasatho giñjakāvasatho. So kira āvāso yathā sudhāparikammena payojanaṃ natthi, evaṃ iṭṭhakāhi eva cinitvā chādetvā kato. Tādisañhi chadanaṃ sandhāya bhagavatā iṭṭhakāchadanaṃ anuññātaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ **‘‘iṭṭhakāhi kate mahāpāsāde’’**ti. Tattha dvārabandhakavāṭaphalakādīni pana dārumayāniyeva. Pariyāyati attano phalaṃ pariggahetvā vattatīti pariyāyo, kāraṇanti āha **‘‘dhammapariyāyanti dhammakāraṇa’’**nti, pariyattidhammabhūtaṃ visesādhigamassa hetunti attho. Upecca suyyati etthāti upassutīti vuttaṃ **‘‘upassutīti upassutiṭṭhāna’’**nti. Attano kammanti yadatthaṃ tattha gato, taṃ pariveṇasamajjanakiriyaṃ. Pahāyāti akatvā. Evaṃ mahatthañhi vimuttāyatanasīse ṭhatvā suṇantassa mahato atthāya saṃvattati. Ekaṅgaṇaṃ ahosīti sabbaṃ vivaṭaṃ ahosi. Tīsu hi bhavesu saṅkhāragataṃ paccayuppannavasena manasikaroto bhagavato kiñci asesetvā sabbampi taṃ ñāṇamukhe āpāthaṃ upagacchi. Tena vuttaṃ **‘‘yāvabhavaggā ekaṅgaṇaṃ ahosī’’**ti. Tantivasena tamatthaṃ vācāya nicchārento **‘‘vacasā sajjhāyaṃ karonto’’**ti vutto. Paccayapaccayuppannavasena ca atthaṃ āharitvā tesaṃ nirodhena vivaṭṭassa āhatattā **‘‘yathānusandhinā’’**ti vuttaṃ. Addasa ñāṇacakkhunā.

6. Aññatarabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

46. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho aññataro brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, so karoti so paṭisaṃvedayatī’’ti? ‘‘‘So karoti so paṭisaṃvedayatī’ti kho, brāhmaṇa, ayameko anto’’.

‘‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, añño karoti, añño paṭisaṃvedayatī’’ti? ‘‘‘Añño karoti, añño paṭisaṃvedayatī’ti kho, brāhmaṇa, ayaṃ dutiyo anto. Ete te, brāhmaṇa, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama,…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

46. Chaṭṭhe aññataroti nāmavasena apākaṭo aññataro brāhmaṇo. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

46. Nāmavasenāti gottanāmavasena ca kittivasena ca apākaṭo, tasmā ‘‘jātivasena brāhmaṇo’’ti vuttaṃ.

Aññatarabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Jāṇussoṇisuttaṃ

47. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho, gotama, sabbamatthī’’ti? ‘‘‘Sabbamatthī’ti kho, brāhmaṇa, ayameko anto’’.

‘‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, sabbaṃ natthī’’ti? ‘‘‘Sabbaṃ natthī’ti kho, brāhmaṇa, ayaṃ dutiyo anto. Ete te, brāhmaṇa, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ bho gotama…pe… pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

47. Sattame jāṇussoṇīti ṭhānantaravasena evaṃladdhanāmo asītikoṭivibhavo mahāpurohito. Sattamaṃ.

47. Evaṃladdhanāmoti ‘‘jāṇussoṇī’’ti evaṃladdhanāmo rañño santikā adhigatanāmo.

Jāṇussoṇisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Lokāyatikasuttaṃ

48. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho lokāyatiko brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho lokāyatiko brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sabbamatthī’’ti? ‘‘‘Sabbamatthī’ti kho, brāhmaṇa, jeṭṭhametaṃ lokāyataṃ’’.

‘‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, sabbaṃ natthī’’ti? ‘‘‘Sabbaṃ natthī’ti kho, brāhmaṇa, dutiyametaṃ lokāyataṃ’’.

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, bho gotama, sabbamekatta’’nti? ‘‘‘Sabbamekatta’nti kho, brāhmaṇa, tatiyametaṃ lokāyataṃ’’.

‘‘Kiṃ pana, bho gotama, sabbaṃ puthutta’’nti? ‘‘‘Sabbaṃ puthutta’nti kho, brāhmaṇa, catutthametaṃ lokāyataṃ’’.

‘‘Ete te, brāhmaṇa, ubho ante anupagamma majjhena tathāgato dhammaṃ deseti – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, lokāyatiko brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

48. Aṭṭhame lokāyatikoti vitaṇḍasatthe lokāyate kataparicayo. Jeṭṭhametaṃ lokāyatanti paṭhamaṃ lokāyataṃ. Lokāyatanti ca lokasseva āyataṃ, bālaputhujjanalokassa āyataṃ, mahantaṃ gambhīranti upadhāritabbaṃ parittaṃ bhāvaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Ekattanti ekasabhāvaṃ, niccasabhāvamevāti pucchati. Puthuttanti purimasabhāvena nānāsabhāvaṃ, devamanussādibhāvena paṭhamaṃ hutvā pacchā na hotīti ucchedaṃ sandhāya pucchati. Evamettha ‘‘sabbamatthi, sabbamekatta’’nti imā dvepi sassatadiṭṭhiyo, ‘‘sabbaṃ natthi, sabbaṃ puthutta’’nti imā dve ucchedadiṭṭhiyoti veditabbā. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

48. Āyatiṃ hitaṃ tena loko na yatati na īhatīti lokāyataṃ. Na hi taṃ laddhiṃ nissāya sattā puññakiriyāya cittampi uppādenti, kuto payogo, taṃ etassa atthi, tattha vā niyuttoti lokāyatiko. Paṭhamasaddo ādiatthavācakattā jeṭṭhavevacanoti āha **‘‘paṭhamaṃ lokāyata’’**nti. Sādhāraṇavacanopi lokasaddo visiṭṭhavisayo idhādhippetoti āha **‘‘bālaputhujjanalokassā’’**ti. Ittarabhāvena lakuṇḍakabhāvena tassa vipulādibhāvena bālānaṃ upaṭṭhānamattanti dassento **‘‘āyataṃ mahanta’’**ntiādimāha. Parittanti khuddakaṃ. Ekasabhāvanti ekaṃ sabhāvaṃ. Avipariṇāmadhammatāyāti āha **‘‘niccasabhāvamevāti pucchatī’’**ti. Purimasabhāvena nānāsabhāvanti purimasabhāvato bhinnasabhāvaṃ. Pacchā na hotīti pacchā kiñci na hoti sabbaso samucchijjanato. Tenāha **‘‘ucchedaṃ sandhāya pucchatī’’**ti. Ekattanti sabbakālaṃ attasambhavaṃ. Tathā ceva gahaṇena dvepi vādā sassatadiṭṭhiyo honti. Natthi na hoti. Puthuttaṃ nānāsabhāvaṃ, ekarūpaṃ na hotīti vā gahaṇena dvepi vādā ucchedadiṭṭhiyoti.

Lokāyatikasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Ariyasāvakasuttaṃ

49. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kiṃ nu kho kismiṃ sati kiṃ hoti, kissuppādā kiṃ uppajjati? (Kismiṃ sati saṅkhārā honti, kismiṃ sati viññāṇaṃ hoti,) ( ) etthantare pāṭhā kesuci potthakesu na dissantīti sī. pī. potthakesu dassitā. tathā sati anantarasuttaṭīkāya sameti kismiṃ sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, kismiṃ sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, kismiṃ sati phasso hoti, kismiṃ sati vedanā hoti, kismiṃ sati taṇhā hoti, kismiṃ sati upādānaṃ hoti, kismiṃ sati bhavo hoti, kismiṃ sati jāti hoti, kismiṃ sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hotī’’’ti?

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa aparappaccayā ñāṇamevettha hoti – ‘imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati. (Avijjāya sati saṅkhārā honti; saṅkhāresu sati viññāṇaṃ hoti;) ( ) etthakesu pāṭhā kesuci potthakesu na dissantīti sī. pī. potthakesu dassitā. tathā sati anantarasuttaṭīkāya sameti viññāṇe sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti; nāmarūpe sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti; saḷāyatane sati phasso hoti; phasse sati vedanā hoti; vedanāya sati taṇhā hoti; taṇhāya sati upādānaṃ hoti; upādāne sati bhavo hoti; bhave sati jāti hoti; jātiyā sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hotī’ti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evamayaṃ loko samudayatī’’’ti.

‘‘Na, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kiṃ nu kho kismiṃ asati kiṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā kiṃ nirujjhati? (Kismiṃ asati saṅkhārā na honti, kismiṃ asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti,) ( ) etthantare pāṭhāpi tattha tatheva dassitā kismiṃ asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, kismiṃ asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, kismiṃ asati phasso na hoti, kismiṃ asati vedanā na hoti, kismiṃ asati taṇhā na hoti, kismiṃ asati upādānaṃ na hoti, kismiṃ asati bhavo na hoti, kismiṃ asati jāti na hoti, kismiṃ asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’’’ti?

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa aparappaccayā ñāṇamevettha hoti – ‘imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati. (Avijjāya asati saṅkhārā na honti; saṅkhāresu asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti;) ( ) etthantare pāṭhāpi tattha tatheva dassitā viññāṇe asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti; nāmarūpe asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti…pe… bhavo na hoti… jāti na hoti… jātiyā asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’ti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evamayaṃ loko nirujjhatī’’’ti.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṃ lokassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako diṭṭhisampanno itipi…pe… amatadvāraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati itipī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

49. Navame kiṃ nu khoti saṃsayuppattiākāradassanaṃ. Samudayatīti uppajjati. Navamaṃ.

49. Saṃsayuppatti ākāradassananti ‘‘kasmiṃ sati kiṃ hotī’’ti kāraṇassa phalassa ca paccāmasanena vinā kevalaṃ idappaccayatāya saṃsayassa uppajjanākāradassanaṃ. Samudayati samudetīti atthoti āha **‘‘uppajjatī’’**ti.

Ariyasāvakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Dutiyaariyasāvakasuttaṃ

50. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘na, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kiṃ nu kho kismiṃ sati kiṃ hoti, kissuppādā kiṃ uppajjati? Kismiṃ sati saṅkhārā honti, kismiṃ sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, kismiṃ sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, kismiṃ sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, kismiṃ sati phasso hoti, kismiṃ sati vedanā hoti, kismiṃ sati taṇhā hoti, kismiṃ sati upādānaṃ hoti, kismiṃ sati bhavo hoti, kismiṃ sati jāti hoti, kismiṃ sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hotī’’’ti?

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa aparappaccayā ñāṇamevettha hoti – ‘imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati. Avijjāya sati saṅkhārā honti; saṅkhāresu sati viññāṇaṃ hoti; viññāṇe sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti; nāmarūpe sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti; saḷāyatane sati phasso hoti; phasse sati vedanā hoti; vedanāya sati taṇhā hoti; taṇhāya sati upādānaṃ hoti; upādāne sati bhavo hoti; bhave sati jāti hoti; jātiyā sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hotī’ti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evamayaṃ loko samudayatī’’’ti.

‘‘Na, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa evaṃ hoti – ‘kiṃ nu kho kismiṃ asati kiṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā kiṃ nirujjhati? Kismiṃ asati saṅkhārā na honti, kismiṃ asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, kismiṃ asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, kismiṃ asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, kismiṃ asati phasso na hoti, kismiṃ asati vedanā na hoti, kismiṃ asati taṇhā na hoti…pe… upādānaṃ… bhavo… jāti… kismiṃ asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’’’ti?

‘‘Atha kho, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa aparappaccayā ñāṇamevettha hoti – ‘imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati. Avijjāya asati saṅkhārā na honti; saṅkhāresu asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti; viññāṇe asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti; nāmarūpe asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti…pe… jātiyā asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’ti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evamayaṃ loko nirujjhatī’’’ti.

‘‘Yato kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako evaṃ lokassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako diṭṭhisampanno itipi, dassanasampanno itipi, āgato imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, passati imaṃ saddhammaṃ itipi, sekkhena ñāṇena samannāgato itipi, sekkhāya vijjāya samannāgato itipi, dhammasotaṃ samāpanno itipi, ariyo nibbedhikapañño itipi, amatadvāraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati itipī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Gahapativaggo pañcamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dve pañcaverabhayā vuttā, dukkhaṃ loko ca ñātikaṃ;

Aññataraṃ jāṇussoṇi ca, lokāyatikena aṭṭhamaṃ;

Dve ariyasāvakā vuttā, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.

50. Dasame dvepi nayā ekato vuttā. Idameva purimena nānattaṃ, sesaṃ tādisamevāti. Dasamaṃ.

Gahapativaggo pañcamo.

50. Dvepi nayā ekato vuttāti idaṃ ‘‘viññāṇe sati nāmarūpaṃ hotī’’tiādinā navame vuttassa nayassa ‘‘avijjāya sati saṅkhārā hontī’’tiādinā dasame vuttanaye antogadhattā. Nānattanti purimato navamato dasamassa nānattaṃ.

Dutiyaariyasāvakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Gahapativaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Dukkhavaggo

1. Parivīmaṃsanasuttaṃ

51. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhū parivīmaṃsamāno parivīmaṃseyya sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāyā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu parivīmaṃsamāno parivīmaṃsati – ‘yaṃ kho idaṃ anekavidhaṃ nānappakārakaṃ dukkhaṃ loke uppajjati jarāmaraṇaṃ; idaṃ nu kho dukkhaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ? Kismiṃ sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kismiṃ asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’ti? So parivīmaṃsamāno evaṃ pajānāti – ‘yaṃ kho idaṃ anekavidhaṃ nānappakārakaṃ dukkhaṃ loke uppajjati jarāmaraṇaṃ, idaṃ kho dukkhaṃ jātinidānaṃ jātisamudayaṃ jātijātikaṃ jātippabhavaṃ. Jātiyā sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātiyā asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’’’ti.

‘‘So jarāmaraṇañca pajānāti, jarāmaraṇasamudayañca pajānāti, jarāmaraṇanirodhañca pajānāti, yā ca jarāmaraṇanirodhasāruppagāminī paṭipadā tañca pajānāti, tathā paṭipanno ca hoti anudhammacārī; ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāya paṭipanno jarāmaraṇanirodhāya.

‘‘Athāparaṃ parivīmaṃsamāno parivīmaṃsati – ‘jāti panāyaṃ kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā, kismiṃ sati jāti hoti, kismiṃ asati jāti na hotī’ti? So parivīmaṃsamāno evaṃ pajānāti – ‘jāti bhavanidānā bhavasamudayā bhavajātikā bhavappabhavā; bhave sati jāti hoti, bhave asati jāti na hotī’’’ti.

‘‘So jātiñca pajānāti, jātisamudayañca pajānāti, jātinirodhañca pajānāti, yā ca jātinirodhasāruppagāminī paṭipadā tañca pajānāti, tathā paṭipanno ca hoti anudhammacārī; ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāya paṭipanno jātinirodhāya.

‘‘Athāparaṃ parivīmaṃsamāno parivīmaṃsati – ‘bhavo panāyaṃ kiṃnidāno…pe… upādānaṃ panidaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ… taṇhā panāyaṃ kiṃnidānā… vedanā… phasso… saḷāyatanaṃ panidaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ… nāmarūpaṃ panidaṃ… viññāṇaṃ panidaṃ… saṅkhārā panime kiṃnidānā kiṃsamudayā kiṃjātikā kiṃpabhavā; kismiṃ sati saṅkhārā honti, kismiṃ asati saṅkhārā na hontī’ti? So parivīmaṃsamāno evaṃ pajānāti – ‘saṅkhārā avijjānidānā avijjāsamudayā avijjājātikā avijjāpabhavā; avijjāya sati saṅkhārā honti, avijjāya asati saṅkhārā na hontī’’’ti.

‘‘So saṅkhāre ca pajānāti, saṅkhārasamudayañca pajānāti, saṅkhāranirodhañca pajānāti, yā ca saṅkhāranirodhasāruppagāminī paṭipadā tañca pajānāti, tathā paṭipanno ca hoti anudhammacārī; ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāya paṭipanno saṅkhāranirodhāya.

‘‘Avijjāgato yaṃ, bhikkhave, purisapuggalo puññaṃ ce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, puññūpagaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ. Apuññaṃ ce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti, apuññūpagaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ. Āneñjaṃ ce saṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti āneñjūpagaṃ hoti viññāṇaṃ. Yato kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno avijjā pahīnā hoti vijjā uppannā, so avijjāvirāgā vijjuppādā neva puññābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti na apuññābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti na āneñjābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkharoti. Anabhisaṅkharonto anabhisañcetayanto na kiñci loke upādiyati; anupādiyaṃ na paritassati, aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.

‘‘So sukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, sā aniccāti pajānāti, anajjhositāti pajānāti, anabhinanditāti pajānāti. Dukkhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, sā aniccāti pajānāti, anajjhositāti pajānāti, anabhinanditāti pajānāti. Adukkhamasukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, sā aniccāti pajānāti, anajjhositāti pajānāti, anabhinanditāti pajānāti. So sukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, visaṃyutto naṃ vedayati. Dukkhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, visaṃyutto naṃ taṃ vedanaṃ (sī. pī.), vedanaṃ (ka.) vedayati. Adukkhamasukhaṃ ce vedanaṃ vedayati, visaṃyutto naṃ vedayati.

‘‘So kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmīti pajānāti, jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmīti pajānāti. Kāyassa bhedā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissanti, sarīrāni avasissantīti pajānāti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso kumbhakārapākā uṇhaṃ kumbhaṃ uddharitvā same bhūmibhāge paṭisisseyya paṭiviseyya (sī.), patiṭṭhapeyya (syā. kaṃ. pī.), paṭiseveyya (ṭīkā). Tatra yāyaṃ usmā sā tattheva vūpasameyya, kapallāni avasisseyyuṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmīti pajānāti, jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmīti pajānāti. Kāyassa bhedā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissanti, sarīrāni avasissantīti pajānāti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu kho khīṇāsavo bhikkhu puññābhisaṅkhāraṃ vā abhisaṅkhareyya apuññābhisaṅkhāraṃ vā abhisaṅkhareyya āneñjābhisaṅkhāraṃ vā abhisaṅkhareyyā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana saṅkhāresu asati, saṅkhāranirodhā api nu kho viññāṇaṃ paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana viññāṇe asati, viññāṇanirodhā api nu kho nāmarūpaṃ paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana nāmarūpe asati, nāmarūpanirodhā api nu kho saḷāyatanaṃ paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana saḷāyatane asati, saḷāyatananirodhā api nu kho phasso paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana phasse asati, phassanirodhā api nu kho vedanā paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana vedanāya asati, vedanānirodhā api nu kho taṇhā paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana taṇhāya asati, taṇhānirodhā api nu kho upādānaṃ paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana upādāne asati, upādānanirodhā api nu kho bhavo paññāyethā’’ti. ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana bhave asati, bhavanirodhā api nu kho jāti paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbaso vā pana jātiyā asati, jātinirodhā api nu kho jarāmaraṇaṃ paññāyethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave, evametaṃ, bhikkhave, netaṃ aññathā. Saddahatha me taṃ, bhikkhave, adhimuccatha, nikkaṅkhā ettha hotha nibbicikicchā. Esevanto dukkhassā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

51. Dukkhavaggassa paṭhame parivīmaṃsamānoti upaparikkhamāno. Jarāmaraṇanti kasmā jarāmaraṇaṃ ekameva ‘‘anekavidhaṃ nānappakāraka’’nti vatvā gahitanti ce? Tasmiṃ gahite sabbadukkhassa gahitattā. Yathā hi cūḷāya gahite purise so puriso gahitova hoti, evaṃ jarāmaraṇe gahite sabbadukkhaṃ gahitameva hoti. Tasmā ‘‘yaṃ kho idaṃ anekavidhaṃ nānappakārakaṃ dukkhaṃ loke uppajjatī’’ti nhatvā ṭhitaṃ purisaṃ viya sabbadukkhaṃ dassetvā taṃ cūḷāya gaṇhanto viya jarāmaraṇaṃ gaṇhi.

Jarāmaraṇanirodhasāruppagāminīti jarāmaraṇanirodhassa sāruppabhāvena nikkilesatāya parisuddhatāya sadisāva hutvā gāminīti attho. Tathā paṭipanno ca hotīti yathā taṃ paṭipannoti vuccati, evaṃ paṭipanno hoti. Anudhammacārīti nibbānadhammaṃ anugataṃ paṭipattidhammaṃ carati, pūretīti attho. Dukkhakkhayāya paṭipannoti sīlaṃ ādiṃ katvā jarāmaraṇadukkhassa nirodhatthāya paṭipanno. Saṅkhāranirodhāyāti saṅkhāradukkhassa nirodhatthāya. Ettāvatā yāva arahattā desanā kathitā.

Idāni arahattaphalapaccavekkhaṇaṃ satatavihārañca dassetvā desanā nivattetabbā siyā, tathā akatvā avijjāgatoti idaṃ kasmā gaṇhātīti? Khīṇāsavassa samatikkantavaṭṭadukkhadassanatthaṃ. Apica puna vaṭṭaṃ ārabhitvā vivaṭṭe kathiyamāne bujjhanakasatto cettha atthi, tassa ajjhāsayavasenāpi idaṃ gaṇhātīti veditabbo. Tattha avijjāgatoti avijjāya gato upagato samannāgato. Purisapuggaloti purisoyeva puggalo. Ubhayenāpi sammutikathaṃ katheti. Buddhānañhi sammutikathā paramatthakathāti dve kathā honti. Tattha ‘‘satto naro puriso puggalo tisso nāgo’’ti evaṃ pavattā sammutikathā nāma. ‘‘Khandhā dhātuyo āyatanānī’’ti evaṃ pavattā paramatthakathā nāma. Paramatthaṃ kathentāpi sammutiṃ amuñcitvā kathenti. Te sammutiṃ kathentāpi paramatthaṃ kathentāpi saccameva kathenti. Teneva vuttaṃ –

‘‘Duve saccāni akkhāsi, sambuddho vadataṃ varo;

Sammutiṃ paramatthañca, tatiyaṃ nūpalabbhati;

Saṅketavacanaṃ saccaṃ, lokasammutikāraṇaṃ;

2. Upādānasuttaṃ

52. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘upādāniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ vā kaṭṭhavāhānaṃ vīsāya vā kaṭṭhavāhānaṃ tiṃsāya vā kaṭṭhavāhānaṃ cattārīsāya vā kaṭṭhavāhānaṃ mahāaggikkhandho jaleyya. Tatra puriso kālena kālaṃ sukkhāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni ca gomayāni pakkhipeyya, sukkhāni ca kaṭṭhāni pakkhipeyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, mahāaggikkhandho tadāhāro tadupādāno ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ jaleyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, upādāniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Upādāniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ vā kaṭṭhavāhānaṃ vīsāya vā tiṃsāya vā cattārīsāya vā kaṭṭhavāhānaṃ mahāaggikkhandho jaleyya; tatra puriso na kālena kālaṃ sukkhāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyya, na sukkhāni ca gomayāni pakkhipeyya, na sukkhāni ca kaṭṭhāni pakkhipeyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, mahāaggikkhandho purimassa ca upādānassa pariyādānā aññassa ca anupahārā anupāhārā (pī.) anāhāro nibbāyeyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, upādāniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

52. Dutiye upādāniyesūti catunnaṃ upādānānaṃ paccayesu tebhūmakadhammesu. Assādānupassinoti assādaṃ anupassantassa. Tatrāti tasmiṃ aggikkhandhe. Tadāhāroti taṃpaccayo. Tadupādānoti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Evameva khoti ettha aggikkhandho viya hi tayo bhavā, tebhūmakavaṭṭantipi etadeva, aggijaggakapuriso viya vaṭṭanissito bālaputhujjano, sukkhatiṇagomayādipakkhipanaṃ viya assādānupassino puthujjanassa taṇhādivasena chahi dvārehi kusalākusalakammakaraṇaṃ. Tiṇagomayādīsu khīṇesu punappunaṃ tesaṃ pakkhipanena aggikkhandhassa vaḍḍhanaṃ viya bālaputhujjanassa uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya yathāvuttakammāyūhanena aparāparaṃ vaṭṭadukkhanibbattanaṃ.

Na kālena kālaṃ sukkhāni ceva tiṇāni pakkhipeyyāti tañhi koci atthakāmo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘‘bho kasmā uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya kalāpe bandhitvā sukkhatiṇakaṭṭhānaṃ pacchiyañca pūretvā sukkhagomayāni pakkhipanto etaṃ aggiṃ jālesi? Api nu te atthi itonidānaṃ kāci vaḍḍhīti? Vaṃsāgatametaṃ bho amhākaṃ, itonidānaṃ pana me avaḍḍhiyeva, kuto vaḍḍhi? Ahañhi imaṃ aggiṃ jagganto neva nhāyituṃ na bhuñjituṃ na nipajjituṃ labhāmīti. Tena hi bho kiṃ te iminā niratthakena aggijālanena? Ehi tvaṃ etāni ābhatāni tiṇādīni ettha nikkhipa, tāni sayameva jhāyissanti, tvaṃ pana asukasmiṃ ṭhāne sītodakā pokkharaṇī atthi, tattha nhatvā, mālāgandhavilepanehi attānaṃ maṇḍetvā sunivattho supārutova pādukāhi nagaraṃ pavisitvā pāsādavaramāruyha vātapānaṃ vivaritvā mahāvīthiyaṃ virocamāno nisīda ekaggo sukhasamappito hutvā, tattha te nisinnassa tiṇādīnaṃ khayena sayameva ayaṃ aggi appaṇṇattibhāvaṃ gamissatī’’ti. So tathā kareyya. Tatheva ca tattha nisinnassa so aggi upādānakkhayena appaṇṇattibhāvaṃ gaccheyya. Idaṃ sandhāyetaṃ ‘‘na kālena kāla’’ntiādi vuttaṃ.

Evameva khoti ettha pana idaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ – cattālīsāya kaṭṭhavāhānaṃ jalamāno mahāaggikkhandho viya hi tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, aggijagganakapuriso viya vaṭṭasannissitako yogāvacaro, atthakāmo puriso viya sammāsambuddho, tena purisena tassa dinnaovādo viya tathāgatena ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, tebhūmakadhammesu nibbinda, evaṃ vaṭṭadukkhā muccissasī’’ti tassa tebhūmakadhammesu kammaṭṭhānassa kathitakālo, tassa purisassa yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjitvā pāsāde nisinnakālo viya yogino sugatovādaṃ sampaṭicchitvā suññāgāraṃ paviṭṭhassa tebhūmakadhammesu vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā anukkamena yathānurūpaṃ āhārasappāyādiṃ labhitvā, ekāsane nisinnassa aggaphale patiṭṭhitakālo, tassa nhānavilepanādīhi sudhotamaṇḍitakāyattā tasmiṃ nisinnassa ekaggasukhasamappitakālo viya yogino ariyamaggapokkharaṇiyaṃ maggañāṇodakena sunhātasudhotakilesamalassa hirottappasāṭake nivāsetvā sīlavilepanānulittassa arahattamaṇḍanena attabhāvaṃ maṇḍetvā vimuttipupphadāmaṃ piḷandhitvā iddhipādapādukā āruyha nibbānanagaraṃ pavisitvā dhammapāsādaṃ āruyha satipaṭṭhānamahāvīthiyaṃ virocamānassa nibbānārammaṇaṃ phalasamāpattiṃ appetvā nisinnakālo. Tassa pana purisassa tasmiṃ nisinnassa tiṇādīnaṃ khayena aggikkhandhassa appaṇṇattigamanakālo viya khīṇāsavassa yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā upādiṇṇakakkhandhabhedena anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbutassa mahāvaṭṭavūpasamo daṭṭhabbo. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Saṃyojanasuttaṃ

53. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, telañca paṭicca vaṭṭiñca paṭicca telappadīpo jhāyeyya. Tatra puriso kālena kālaṃ telaṃ āsiñceyya vaṭṭiṃ upasaṃhareyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, telappadīpo tadāhāro tadupādāno ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ jaleyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, telañca paṭicca vaṭṭiñca paṭicca telappadīpo jhāyeyya. Tatra puriso na kālena kālaṃ telaṃ āsiñceyya na vaṭṭiṃ upasaṃhareyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, telappadīpo purimassa ca upādānassa pariyādānā aññassa ca anupahārā anāhāro nibbāyeyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

53. Tatiye saṃyojaniyesūti dasannaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ paccayesu. Jhāyeyyāti jaleyya. Telaṃ āsiñceyya vaṭṭiṃ upasaṃhareyyāti dīpapaṭijagganatthaṃ telabhājanañca mahantañca vaṭṭikapālaṃ gahetvā samīpe niccaṃ ṭhitova tele khīṇe telaṃ āsiñceyya, vaṭṭiyā khīṇāya vaṭṭiṃ upasaṃhareyya. Sesamettha saddhiṃ opammasaṃsandanena purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Dutiyasaṃyojanasuttaṃ

54. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, telañca paṭicca vaṭṭiñca paṭicca telappadīpo jhāyeyya. Tatra puriso kālena kālaṃ telaṃ āsiñceyya vaṭṭiṃ upasaṃhareyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, telappadīpo tadāhāro tadupādāno ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ jaleyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, telañca paṭicca vaṭṭiñca paṭicca telappadīpo jhāyeyya. Tatra puriso na kālena kālaṃ telaṃ āsiñceyya na vaṭṭiṃ upasaṃhareyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, telappadīpo purimassa ca upādānassa pariyādānā aññassa ca anupahārā anāhāro nibbāyeyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

54. Catutthe upamaṃ paṭhamaṃ katvā pacchā attho vutto. Sesaṃ tādisameva. Catutthaṃ.

53-54. Mahantavaṭṭappabandhaopammabhāvena telapadīpassa āhatattā **‘‘mahantañca vaṭṭikapālaṃ gahetvā’’**ti vuttaṃ. Purimanayenevāti purimasmiṃ upādāniyasutte vuttanayeneva. Tathā vinetabbānaṃ puggalānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena hi imesaṃ suttānaṃ evaṃ vacanaṃ evaṃ desanā. Esa nayo ito paresupi.

Saṃyojanasuttadvayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Mahārukkhasuttaṃ

55. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘upādāniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Tassa yāni ceva mūlāni adhogamāni, yāni ca tiriyaṅgamāni, sabbāni tāni uddhaṃ ojaṃ abhiharanti. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, mahārukkho tadāhāro tadupādāno ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, upādāniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Upādāniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya kuddālapiṭakaṃ kudālapiṭakaṃ (aññattha) ādāya. So taṃ rukkhaṃ mūle chindeyya, mūlaṃ chinditvā palikhaṇeyya paliṃkhaṇeyya (pī. ka.), palikhaṇitvā mūlāni uddhareyya antamaso usīranāḷimattānipi. So taṃ rukkhaṃ khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chindeyya, khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chinditvā phāleyya, phāletvā sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ kareyya, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ karitvā vātātape visoseyya; vātātape visosetvā agginā ḍaheyya, agginā ḍahetvā masiṃ kareyya, masiṃ karitvā mahāvāte vā ophuṇeyya opuneyya (sī. pī.), ophuneyya (syā. kaṃ. ka.) nadiyā vā sīghasotāya pavāheyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, mahārukkho ucchinnamūlo assa tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato anabhāvakato (sī.), anabhāvaṅgato (syā. kaṃ.) āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, upādāniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

55. Pañcame uddhaṃ ojaṃ abhiharantīti pathavīrasañca āporasañca upari āropenti. Ojāya āropitattā hatthasatubbedhassa rukkhassa aṅkuraggesu bindubindūni viya hutvā sineho tiṭṭhati. Idaṃ panettha opammasaṃsandanaṃ – mahārukkho viya hi tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ, mūlāni viya āyatanāni, mūlehi ojāya ārohanaṃ viya chahi dvārehi kammārohanaṃ, ojāya abhiruḷhattā mahārukkhassa yāvakappaṭṭhānaṃ viya vaṭṭanissitabālaputhujjanassa chahi dvārehi kammaṃ āyūhantassa aparāparaṃ vaṭṭassa vaḍḍhanavasena dīgharattaṃ ṭhānaṃ.

Kuddālapiṭakanti kuddālañceva pacchibhājanañca. Khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chindeyyāti khuddakamahantāni khaṇḍākhaṇḍāni karonto chindeyya. Idaṃ panettha opammasaṃsandanaṃ – idhāpi hi mahārukkho viya tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ, rukkhaṃ nāsetukāmo puriso viya yogāvacaro, kuddālo viya ñāṇaṃ, pacchi viya samādhi, rukkhacchedanapharasu viya ñāṇaṃ, rukkhassa mūle chinnakālo viya yogino ācariyasantike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā manasikarontassa paññā, khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chindanakālo viya saṅkhepato catunnaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ manasikāro, phālanaṃ viya dvecattālīsāya koṭṭhāsesu vitthāramanasikāro, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ karaṇakālo viya upādārūpassa ceva rūpakkhandhārammaṇassa viññāṇassa cāti imesaṃ vasena nāmarūpapariggaho, mūlānaṃ upacchedanaṃ viya tasseva nāmarūpassa paccayapariyesanaṃ, vātātape visosetvā agginā ḍahanakālo viya anupubbena vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā aññataraṃ sappāyaṃ labhitvā kammaṭṭhāne vibhūte upaṭṭhahamāne ekapallaṅke nisinnassa samaṇadhammaṃ karontassa aggaphalappatti, masikaraṇaṃ viya arahattappattadivaseyeva aparinibbāyantassa yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhita kālo, mahāvāte opunanaṃ nadiyā pavāhanaṃ viya ca upādiṇṇakakkhandhabhedena anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbutassa vaṭṭavūpasamo veditabbo. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dutiyamahārukkhasuttaṃ

56. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Tassa yāni ceva mūlāni adhogamāni, yāni ca tiriyaṅgamāni, sabbāni tāni uddhaṃ ojaṃ abhiharanti. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, mahārukkho tadāhāro tadupādāno ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, upādāniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya kuddālapiṭakaṃ ādāya. So taṃ rukkhaṃ mūle chindeyya, mūle chetvā palikhaṇeyya, palikhaṇitvā mūlāni uddhareyya…pe… nadiyā vā sīghasotāya pavāheyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, mahārukkho ucchinnamūlo assa tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, upādāniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

56. Chaṭṭhepi upamaṃ paṭhamaṃ vatvā pacchā attho vutto, idameva nānattaṃ. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

55-56. Ojaṃ abhiharantīti rasaharaṇiyo viya purisassa sarīre rukkhamūlāni rukkhassa pathavīāporase upari āropenti. Tesaṃ tathā āropanaṃ **‘‘ojāyā’’**tiādinā vibhāveti. Hatthasatubbedhamassāti hatthasatubbedho, hatthasataṃ ubbiddhassapi. Etthāti etissaṃ vaṭṭakathāyaṃ. Kammārohananti kammapaccayo.

Puna etthāti etissaṃ vivaṭṭakathāyaṃ. Vaṭṭadukkhaṃ nāsetukāmassa daḷhaṃ uppannasaṃvegañāṇaṃ sandhāya **‘‘kuddālo viyā’’**ti āha. Tato nibbattitañāṇaṃ samādhipacchiyā ṭhitaṃ nissāya pavattetabbavipassanārambhañāṇaṃ. Rukkhacchedanapharasu viyāti evaṃbhūtassa vipassanā ekantato vaṭṭacchedāya hotiyevāti āha **‘‘rukkhassa…pe… manasikarontassa paññā’’**ti. Tattha kammaṭṭhānanti vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ. Taṃ catubbidhavavatthānavasena vīsati pathavīkoṭṭhāsā, dvādasa āpokoṭṭhāsā, cattāro tejokoṭṭhāsā, cha vāyokoṭṭhāsāti dvecattālīsāya koṭṭhāsesu. Viññāṇassa cāti iti-saddo ādiattho pakārattho ca. Tena bhūtarūpāni viññāṇasampayuttadhamme ca saṅgaṇhāti. Sattasu sappāyesu yassa alabhantassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ vibhūtaṃ hutvā na upaṭṭhāti, taṃ sandhāyāha **‘‘aññataraṃ sappāya’’**nti. Sesaṃ suviññeyyameva.

Mahārukkhasuttadvayavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Taruṇarukkhasuttaṃ

57. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, taruṇo rukkho. Tassa puriso kālena kālaṃ mūlāni palimajjeyya palisanneyya (sī.), palisajjeyya (syā. kaṃ. pī.), palipaṭṭheyya (ka.), palisandeyya, palibandheyya (ṭīkānurūpaṃ) kālena kālaṃ paṃsuṃ dadeyya, kālena kālaṃ udakaṃ dadeyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, taruṇo rukkho tadāhāro tadupādāno vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, taruṇo rukkho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya kuddālapiṭakaṃ ādāya…pe… nadiyā vā sīghasotāya pavāheyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, taruṇo rukkho ucchinnamūlo assa tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Nāmarūpasuttaṃ

58. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato nāmarūpassa avakkanti hoti. Nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Tassa yāni ceva mūlāni adhogamāni, yāni ca tiriyaṅgamāni, sabbāni tāni uddhaṃ ojaṃ abhiharanti. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, mahārukkho tadāhāro tadupādāno ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato nāmarūpassa avakkanti hoti…pe….

‘‘Saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato nāmarūpassa avakkanti na hoti. Nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya kuddālapiṭakaṃ ādāya…pe… āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato nāmarūpassa avakkanti na hoti. Nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Viññāṇasuttaṃ

59. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato viññāṇassa avakkanti hoti. Viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Tassa yāni ceva mūlāni …pe… evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato viññāṇassa avakkanti hoti…pe….

‘‘Saṃyojaniyesu, bhikkhave, dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato viññāṇassa avakkanti na hoti. Viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahārukkho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya kuddālapiṭakaṃ ādāya…pe… āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, saṃyojaniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato viññāṇassa avakkanti na hoti. Viññāṇassa nirodhā nāmarūpanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

57-59. Sattame taruṇoti ajātaphalo. Palimajjeyyāti sodheyya. Paṃsuṃ dadeyyāti thaddhapharusapaṃsuṃ haritvā mudugomayacuṇṇamissaṃ madhurapaṃsuṃ pakkhipeyya. Vuddhinti vuddhiṃ āpajjitvā pupphūpago pupphaṃ, phalūpago phalaṃ gaṇheyya. Idaṃ panettha opammasaṃsandanaṃ – taruṇarukkho viya hi tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ, rukkhajaggako puriso viya vaṭṭanissito puthujjano, mūlaphalasantānādīni viya tīhi dvārehi kusalākusalakammāyūhanaṃ, rukkhassa vuḍḍhiāpajjanaṃ viya puthujjanassa tīhi dvārehi kammaṃ āyūhato aparāparaṃ vaṭṭappavatti. Vivaṭṭaṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Aṭṭhamanavamāni uttānatthāneva. Sattamādīni.

57-59. Palimajjeyyāti allakaraṇavasena parito pāḷiṃ bandheyya. Tathā karonto yasmā ca tattha tiṇagacchādīnaṃ mūlasantānaggahaṇena taṃ ṭhānaṃ sodheti nāma, tasmā vuttaṃ **‘‘sodheyyā’’**ti. Paṃsunti assa pavaḍḍhakārakaṃ, āgantukaṃ paṃsunti attho. Dadeyyāti pakkhipeyya. Tenāha **‘‘thaddha’’**ntiādi. Vuttanayenevāti ‘‘rukkhaṃ nāsetukāmo puriso viyā’’tiādinā pañcamasutte vuttanayena. Aṭṭhamanavamāni uttānatthāneva vuttanayattā.

Taruṇarukkhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Nidānasuttaṃ

60. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva gambhīro cāyaṃ, bhante, paṭiccasamuppādo gambhīrāvabhāso ca, atha ca pana me uttānakuttānako viya khāyatī’’ti.

‘‘Mā hevaṃ, ānanda, mā hevaṃ, ānanda mā hevaṃ ānanda avaca mā hevaṃ ānanda avaca (dī. ni. 2 mahānidānasutte)! Gambhīro cāyaṃ, ānanda, paṭiccasamuppādo gambhīrāvabhāso ca. Etassa, ānanda, dhammassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamayaṃ pajā tantākulakajātā kulagaṇṭhikajātā guḷāguṇṭhikajātā (sī.), guḷīguṇṭhikajātā (syā. kaṃ.) muñjapabbajabhūtā muñjababbajabhūtā (sī.) apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ saṃsāraṃ nātivattati.

‘‘Upādāniyesu, ānanda, dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo; bhavapaccayā jāti; jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā sambhavanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, ānanda, mahārukkho. Tassa yāni ceva mūlāni adhogamāni, yāni ca tiriyaṅgamāni, sabbāni tāni uddhaṃ ojaṃ abhiharanti. Evañhi so, ānanda, mahārukkho tadāhāro tadupādāno ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya. Evameva kho, ānanda, upādāniyesu dhammesu assādānupassino viharato taṇhā pavaḍḍhati. Taṇhāpaccayā upādānaṃ; upādānapaccayā bhavo…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti.

‘‘Upādāniyesu, ānanda, dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, ānanda, mahārukkho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya kuddālapiṭakaṃ ādāya. So taṃ rukkhaṃ mūle chindeyya, mūle chetvā palikhaṇeyya, palikhaṇitvā mūlāni uddhareyya antamaso usīranāḷimattānipi. So taṃ rukkhaṃ khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chindeyya. Khaṇḍākhaṇḍikaṃ chinditvā phāleyya; phāletvā sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ kareyya, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ karitvā vātātape visoseyya, vātātape visosetvā agginā ḍaheyya, agginā ḍahetvā masiṃ kareyya, masiṃ karitvā mahāvāte vā ophuṇeyya, nadiyā vā sīghasotāya pavāheyya. Evañhi so, ānanda, mahārukkho ucchinnamūlo assa tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṅkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Evameva kho, ānanda, upādāniyesu dhammesu ādīnavānupassino viharato taṇhā nirujjhati. Taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho; upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho; bhavanirodhā jātinirodho; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇaṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā nirujjhanti. Evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Dukkhavaggo chaṭṭho.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Parivīmaṃsanupādānaṃ, dve ca saṃyojanāni ca;

Mahārukkhena dve vuttā, taruṇena ca sattamaṃ;

Nāmarūpañca viññāṇaṃ, nidānena ca te dasāti.

60. Dasame kurūsu viharatīti kurūti evaṃ bahuvacanavasena laddhavohāre janapade viharati. Kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamoti evaṃnāmako kurūnaṃ nigamo, taṃ gocaragāmaṃ katvāti attho. Āyasmāti piyavacanametaṃ garuvacanametaṃ. Ānandoti tassa therassa nāmaṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisīdīti cha nisajjadose vivajjento dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalassa abhimukhaṭṭhāne chabbaṇṇānaṃ buddharasmīnaṃ anto pavisitvā pasannalākhārasaṃ vigāhanto viya suvaṇṇapaṭaṃ pārupanto viya rattakambalavitānamajjhaṃ pavisanto viya dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko āyasmā ānando nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ekamantaṃ nisīdī’’ti.

Kāya pana velāya kena kāraṇena ayamāyasmā bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamantoti? Sāyanhavelāya paccayākārapañhaṃ pucchanakāraṇena. Taṃ divasaṃ kira ayamāyasmā kulasaṅgahatthāya gharadvāre gharadvāre sahassabhaṇḍikaṃ nikkhipanto viya kammāsadhammaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto satthu vattaṃ dassetvā satthari gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭhe satthāraṃ vanditvā attano divāṭṭhānaṃ gantvā antevāsikesu vattaṃ dassetvā paṭikkantesu divāṭṭhānaṃ paṭisammajjitvā cammakkhaṇḍaṃ paññapetvā udakatumbato udakena hatthapāde sītalaṃ katvā pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā nisinno sotāpattiphalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā. Atha paricchinnakālavasena samāpattito vuṭṭhāya paccayākāre ñāṇaṃ otāresi. So ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’tiādito paṭṭhāya antaṃ, antato paṭṭhāya ādiṃ, ubhayantato paṭṭhāya majjhaṃ, majjhato paṭṭhāya ubho ante pāpento tikkhattuṃ dvādasapadaṃ paccayākāraṃ sammasi. Tassevaṃ sammasantassa paccayākāro vibhūto hutvā uttānakuttānako viya upaṭṭhāsi. Tato cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ paccayākāro sabbabuddhehi gambhīro ceva gambhīrāvabhāso cāti kathito, mayhaṃ kho pana padesañāṇe ṭhitassa sāvakassa sato uttāno viya vibhūto pākaṭo hutvā upaṭṭhāti, mayhaṃyeva nu kho esa uttānako viya upaṭṭhāti, udāhu aññesampīti attano upaṭṭhānakāraṇaṃ satthu ārocessāmī’’ti nisinnaṭṭhānato uṭṭhāya cammakkhaṇḍaṃ papphoṭetvā ādāya sāyanhasamaye bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkami. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sāyanhavelāyaṃ paccayākārapañhaṃ pucchanakāraṇena upasaṅkamanto’’ti.

Yāva gambhīroti ettha yāvasaddo pamāṇātikkame. Atikkamma pamāṇaṃ gambhīro, atigambhīroti attho. Gambhīrāvabhāsoti gambhīrova hutvā avabhāsati, dissatīti attho. Ekañhi uttānameva gambhīrāvabhāsaṃ hoti pūtipaṇṇarasavasena kāḷavaṇṇaṃ purāṇaudakaṃ viya. Tañhi jāṇuppamāṇampi sataporisaṃ viya dissati. Ekaṃ gambhīraṃ uttānāvabhāsaṃ hoti maṇibhāsaṃ vippasannaudakaṃ viya. Tañhi sataporisampi jāṇuppamāṇaṃ viya khāyati. Ekaṃ uttānaṃ uttānāvabhāsaṃ hoti pātiādīsu udakaṃ viya. Ekaṃ gambhīraṃ gambhīrāvabhāsaṃ hoti sinerupādakamahāsamudde udakaṃ viya. Evaṃ udakameva cattāri nāmāni labhati. Paṭiccasamuppāde panetaṃ natthi. Ayañhi gambhīro ca gambhīrāvabhāso cāti ekameva nāmaṃ labhati. Evarūpo samānopi atha ca pana me uttānakuttānako viya khāyati, tadidaṃ acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhanteti evaṃ attano vimhayaṃ pakāsento pañhaṃ pucchitvā tuṇhībhūto nisīdi.

7. Mahāvaggo

1. Assutavāsuttaṃ

61. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme…pe… ‘‘assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano imasmiṃ cātumahābhūtikasmiṃ kāyasmiṃ nibbindeyyapi virajjeyyapi vimucceyyapi. Taṃ kissa hetu? cātummahābhūtikasmiṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.) Dissati, bhikkhave dissati hi bhikkhave (sī. syā. kaṃ.), imassa cātumahābhūtikassa kāyassa ācayopi apacayopi ādānampi nikkhepanampi. Tasmā tatrāssutavā puthujjano nibbindeyyapi virajjeyyapi vimucceyyapi’’.

‘‘Yañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati cittaṃ itipi, mano itipi, viññāṇaṃ itipi, tatrāssutavā puthujjano nālaṃ nibbindituṃ nālaṃ virajjituṃ nālaṃ vimuccituṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dīgharattañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, assutavato puthujjanassa ajjhositaṃ mamāyitaṃ parāmaṭṭhaṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti. Tasmā tatrāssutavā puthujjano nālaṃ nibbindituṃ nālaṃ virajjituṃ nālaṃ vimuccituṃ.

‘‘Varaṃ, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano imaṃ cātumahābhūtikaṃ kāyaṃ attato upagaccheyya, na tveva cittaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dissatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, cātumahābhūtiko kāyo ekampi vassaṃ tiṭṭhamāno dvepi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno tīṇipi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno cattāripi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno pañcapi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno dasapi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno vīsatipi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno tiṃsampi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno cattārīsampi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno paññāsampi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno vassasatampi tiṭṭhamāno, bhiyyopi tiṭṭhamāno.

‘‘Yañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati cittaṃ itipi, mano itipi, viññāṇaṃ itipi, taṃ rattiyā ca divasassa ca aññadeva uppajjati aññaṃ nirujjhati. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, makkaṭo araññe pavane caramāno sākhaṃ gaṇhati, taṃ muñcitvā aññaṃ gaṇhati, taṃ muñcitvā aññaṃ gaṇhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yamidaṃ vuccati cittaṃ itipi, mano itipi, viññāṇaṃ itipi, taṃ rattiyā ca divasassa ca aññadeva uppajjati aññaṃ nirujjhati.

‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaṃyeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti – ‘iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati; imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhati – yadidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’’ti.

‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccati, vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

61. Mahāvaggassa paṭhame assutavāti khandhadhātuāyatanapaccayākārasatipaṭṭhānādīsu uggahaparipucchāvinicchayarahito. Puthujjanoti puthūnaṃ nānappakārānaṃ kilesādīnaṃ jananādikāraṇehi puthujjano. Vuttañhetaṃ – ‘‘puthu kilese janentīti puthujjanā’’ti sabbaṃ vitthāretabbaṃ. Apica puthūnaṃ gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ ariyadhammaparammukhānaṃ nīcadhammasamācārānaṃ janānaṃ antogadhattāpi puthujjano, puthu vā ayaṃ visuṃyeva saṅkhaṃ gato, visaṃsaṭṭho sīlasutādiguṇayuttehi ariyehi janoti puthujjano. Evametehi ‘‘assutavā puthujjano’’ti dvīhipi padehi ye te –

‘‘Duve puthujjanā vuttā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;

Andho puthujjano eko, kalyāṇeko puthujjano’’ti. (mahāni. 94); –

Dve puthujjanā vuttā, tesu andhaputhujjano gahito. Imasminti paccuppannapaccakkhakāyaṃ dasseti. Cātumahābhūtikasminti catumahābhūtakāye catumahābhūtehi nibbatte catumahābhūtamayeti attho. Nibbindeyyāti ukkaṇṭheyya. Virajjeyyāti na rajjeyya. Vimucceyyāti muccitukāmo bhaveyya. Ācayoti vuḍḍhi. Apacayoti parihāni. Ādānanti nibbatti. Nikkhepananti bhedo.

Tasmāti yasmā ime cattāro vuḍḍhihāninibbattibhedā paññāyanti, tasmā taṃkāraṇāti attho. Iti bhagavā cātumahābhūtike kāye rūpaṃ pariggahetuṃ ayuttarūpaṃ katvā arūpaṃ pariggahetuṃ yuttarūpaṃ karoti. Kasmā? Tesañhi bhikkhūnaṃ rūpasmiṃ gāho balavā adhimatto, tena tesaṃ rūpe gāhassa pariggahetabbarūpataṃ dassetvā nikkaḍḍhanto arūpe patiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ evamāha.

Cittantiādi sabbaṃ manāyatanasseva nāmaṃ. Tañhi cittavatthutāya cittagocaratāya sampayuttadhammacittatāya ca cittaṃ, mananaṭṭhena mano, vijānanaṭṭhena viññāṇanti vuccati. Nālanti na samattho. Ajjhositanti taṇhāya gilitvā pariniṭṭhapetvā gahitaṃ. Mamāyitanti taṇhāmamattena mama idanti gahitaṃ. Parāmaṭṭhanti diṭṭhiyā parāmasitvā gahitaṃ. Etaṃ mamāti taṇhāgāho, tena aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritaṃ gahitaṃ hoti. Esohamasmīti mānagāho, tena nava mānā gahitā honti. Eso me attāti diṭṭhigāho, tena dvāsaṭṭhi diṭṭhiyo gahitā honti. Tasmāti yasmā evaṃ dīgharattaṃ gahitaṃ, tasmā nibbindituṃ na samattho.

2. Dutiyaassutavāsuttaṃ

62. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano imasmiṃ cātumahābhūtikasmiṃ kāyasmiṃ nibbindeyyapi virajjeyyapi vimucceyyapi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dissati, bhikkhave, imassa cātumahābhūtikassa kāyassa ācayopi apacayopi ādānampi nikkhepanampi. Tasmā tatrāssutavā puthujjano nibbindeyyapi virajjeyyapi vimucceyyapi. Yañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati cittaṃ itipi, mano itipi, viññāṇaṃ itipi, tatrāssutavā puthujjano nālaṃ nibbindituṃ nālaṃ virajjituṃ nālaṃ vimuccituṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dīgharattañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, assutavato puthujjanassa ajjhositaṃ mamāyitaṃ parāmaṭṭhaṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’ti. Tasmā tatrāssutavā puthujjano nālaṃ nibbindituṃ nālaṃ virajjituṃ nālaṃ vimuccituṃ’’.

‘‘Varaṃ, bhikkhave, assutavā puthujjano imaṃ cātumahābhūtikaṃ kāyaṃ attato upagaccheyya, na tveva cittaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Dissatāyaṃ, bhikkhave, cātumahābhūtiko kāyo ekampi vassaṃ tiṭṭhamāno dvepi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno tīṇipi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno cattāripi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno pañcapi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno dasapi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno vīsatipi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno tiṃsampi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno cattārīsampi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno paññāsampi vassāni tiṭṭhamāno vassasatampi tiṭṭhamāno, bhiyyopi tiṭṭhamāno. Yañca kho etaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati cittaṃ itipi, mano itipi, viññāṇaṃ itipi, taṃ rattiyā ca divasassa ca aññadeva uppajjati aññaṃ nirujjhati.

‘‘Tatra, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako paṭiccasamuppādaṃyeva sādhukaṃ yoniso manasi karoti – ‘iti imasmiṃ sati idaṃ hoti, imassuppādā idaṃ uppajjati; imasmiṃ asati idaṃ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṃ nirujjhatī’ti. Sukhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhave, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhavedanā. Tasseva sukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ sukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā sukhavedanā sā nirujjhati sā vūpasammati. Dukkhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhave, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dukkhavedanā. Tasseva dukkhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ dukkhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā dukkhavedanā sā nirujjhati sā vūpasammati. Adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ, bhikkhave, phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati adukkhamasukhavedanā. Tasseva adukkhamasukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā adukkhamasukhavedanā sā nirujjhati sā vūpasammati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dvinnaṃ kaṭṭhānaṃ saṅghaṭṭanasamodhānā usmā jāyati tejo abhinibbattati. Tesaṃyeva dvinnaṃ kaṭṭhānaṃ nānākatavinibbhogā nānābhāvāvinikkhepā (sī. pī.) ma. ni. 3.357 yā tajjā usmā sā nirujjhati sā vūpasammati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, sukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhavedanā. Tasseva sukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ sukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā sukhavedanā sā nirujjhati sā vūpasammati…pe… adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati adukkhamasukhavedanā. Tasseva adukkhamasukhavedaniyassa phassassa nirodhā yaṃ tajjaṃ vedayitaṃ adukkhamasukhavedaniyaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā adukkhamasukhavedanā sā nirujjhati sā vūpasammati.

‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavā ariyasāvako phassepi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccati, vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

62. Dutiye sukhavedaniyanti sukhavedanāya paccayaṃ. Phassanti cakkhusamphassādiṃ. Nanu ca cakkhusamphasso sukhavedanāya paccayo na hotīti? Sahajātapaccayena na hoti, upanissayapaccayena pana javanavedanāya hoti, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Sotasamphassādīsupi eseva nayo. Tajjanti tajjātikaṃ tassāruppaṃ, tassa phassassa anurūpanti attho. Dukkhavedaniyantiādi vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Saṅghaṭṭanasamodhānāti saṅghaṭṭanena ceva samodhānena ca, saṅghaṭṭanasampiṇḍanenāti attho. Usmāti uṇhākāro. Tejo abhinibbattatīti aggicuṇṇo nikkhamatīti na gahetabbaṃ, usmākārasseva pana etaṃ vevacanaṃ. Tattha dvinnaṃ kaṭṭhānanti dvinnaṃ araṇīnaṃ. Tattha adhoaraṇī viya vatthu, uttarāraṇī viya ārammaṇaṃ, saṅghaṭṭanaṃ viya phasso, usmādhātu viya vedanā. Dutiyaṃ.

62. Paccayabhāvena sukhavedanāya hitanti sukhavedaniyaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘sukhavedanāya paccaya’’**nti. Paccayabhāvo ca upanissayakoṭiyā, na sahajātakoṭiyā. Tenāha ‘‘nanu cā’’tiādi. Javanavedanāyāti javanacittasahagatāya vedanāya. Taṃ sandhāyāti taṃ upanissayapaccayataṃ sandhāya. Etanti etaṃ ‘‘sukhavedanāya paccaya’’nti vacanaṃ vuttaṃ. Eseva nayoti iminā ‘‘nanu ca sotasamphasso sukhavedanāya paccayo na hotī’’ti evamādiṃ atidisati. So samphasso jāti uppattiṭṭhānaṃ etassāti tajjātikaṃ, vedayitaṃ. Taṃ pana yasmā tassa phassassa anucchavikameva hoti, tasmā tassāruppaṃ tassa phassassa anurūpanti ca attho vutto. Vuttanayenāti ‘‘sukhavedanāya paccayo’’tiādinā vuttavidhianusārena. Adharāraṇiyaṃ uttarāraṇiyā mantanavasena ghaṭṭanaṃ iva saṅghaṭṭanaṃ phassena yugaggāho, tassa pana ghaṭṭanassa nirantarappavattiyā piṇḍitabhāvo idha samodhānaṃ, na kesañci dvinnaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vā sahāvaṭṭhānanti vuttaṃ **‘‘saṅghaṭṭanasampiṇḍanenāti attho’’**ti. Aggicuṇṇoti vipphuliṅgaṃ. Vatthūti cakkhādivatthu visayasaṅghaṭṭanato. Labbhamānova dhammo saṅghaṭṭanaṃ viya gayhatīti vuttaṃ **‘‘saṅghaṭṭanaṃ viya phasso’’**ti. Usmādhātu viya vedanā dukkhasabhāvattā.

Dutiyaassutavāsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Puttamaṃsūpamasuttaṃ

63. Sāvatthiyaṃ …pe… ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya. Katame cattāro? Kabaḷīkāro āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṃ catutthaṃ. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, kabaḷīkāro āhāro daṭṭhabbo? Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dve jāyampatikā jayampatikā (sī. pī.) ṭīkā oloketabbā parittaṃ sambalaṃ ādāya kantāramaggaṃ paṭipajjeyyuṃ. Tesamassa ekaputtako piyo manāpo. Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, dvinnaṃ jāyampatikānaṃ kantāragatānaṃ yā parittā sambalamattā, sā parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya. Siyā ca nesaṃ kantārāvaseso anatiṇṇo. Atha kho tesaṃ, bhikkhave, dvinnaṃ jāyampatikānaṃ evamassa – ‘amhākaṃ kho yā parittā sambalamattā sā parikkhīṇā pariyādiṇṇā pariyādinnā (syā. kaṃ.). Atthi cāyaṃ kantārāvaseso anittiṇṇo anitthiṇṇo (syā. kaṃ.), anatiṇṇo (ka.). Yaṃnūna mayaṃ imaṃ ekaputtakaṃ piyaṃ manāpaṃ vadhitvā vallūrañca soṇḍikañca karitvā puttamaṃsāni khādantā evaṃ taṃ kantārāvasesaṃ nitthareyyāma, mā sabbeva tayo vinassimhā’ti. Atha kho te, bhikkhave, dve jāyampatikā taṃ ekaputtakaṃ piyaṃ manāpaṃ vadhitvā vallūrañca soṇḍikañca karitvā puttamaṃsāni khādantā evaṃ taṃ kantārāvasesaṃ nitthareyyuṃ. Te puttamaṃsāni ceva khādeyyuṃ, ure ca paṭipiseyyuṃ – ‘kahaṃ, ekaputtaka, kahaṃ, ekaputtakā’ti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu te davāya vā āhāraṃ āhāreyyuṃ, madāya vā āhāraṃ āhāreyyuṃ, maṇḍanāya vā āhāraṃ āhāreyyuṃ, vibhūsanāya vā āhāraṃ āhāreyyu’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Nanu te, bhikkhave, yāvadeva kantārassa nittharaṇatthāya āhāraṃ āhāreyyu’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evameva khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, kabaḷīkāro āhāro daṭṭhabbo’’ti vadāmi. Kabaḷīkāre, bhikkhave, āhāre pariññāte pañcakāmaguṇiko rāgo pariññāto hoti. Pañcakāmaguṇike rāge pariññāte natthi taṃ saṃyojanaṃ yena saṃyojanena saṃyutto ariyasāvako puna imaṃ lokaṃ āgaccheyya.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, phassāhāro daṭṭhabbo? Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gāvī niccammā kuṭṭaṃ ce kuḍḍañce (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) nissāya tiṭṭheyya. Ye kuṭṭanissitā pāṇā te naṃ khādeyyuṃ. Rukkhaṃ ce nissāya tiṭṭheyya, ye rukkhanissitā pāṇā te naṃ khādeyyuṃ. Udakaṃ ce nissāya tiṭṭheyya, ye udakanissitā pāṇā te naṃ khādeyyuṃ. Ākāsaṃ ce nissāya tiṭṭheyya, ye ākāsanissitā pāṇā te naṃ khādeyyuṃ. Yaṃ yadeva hi sā, bhikkhave, gāvī niccammā nissāya tiṭṭheyya, ye tannissitā ye tannissitā tannissitā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) pāṇā te naṃ khādeyyuṃ. Evameva khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘‘phassāhāro daṭṭhabbo’’ti vadāmi. Phasse, bhikkhave, āhāre pariññāte tisso vedanā pariññātā honti. Tīsu vedanāsu pariññātāsu ariyasāvakassa natthi kiñci uttarikaraṇīyanti uttariṃkaraṇīyanti (sī. pī.) vadāmi.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, manosañcetanāhāro daṭṭhabbo? Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, aṅgārakāsu sādhikaporisā puṇṇā aṅgārānaṃ vītaccikānaṃ vītadhūmānaṃ. Atha puriso āgaccheyya jīvitukāmo amaritukāmo sukhakāmo dukkhappaṭikūlo. Tamenaṃ dve balavanto purisā nānābāhāsu gahetvā taṃ aṅgārakāsuṃ upakaḍḍheyyuṃ. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa ārakāvassa cetanā ārakā patthanā ārakā paṇidhi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Evañhi, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa hoti – ‘imaṃ cāhaṃ aṅgārakāsuṃ papatissāmi, tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchāmi maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’nti. Evameva khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ‘manosañcetanāhāro daṭṭhabbo’ti vadāmi. Manosañcetanāya, bhikkhave, āhāre pariññāte tisso taṇhā pariññātā honti. Tīsu taṇhāsu pariññātāsu ariyasāvakassa natthi kiñci uttarikaraṇīyanti vadāmi.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, viññāṇāhāro daṭṭhabbo? Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā rañño dasseyyuṃ – ‘ayaṃ te, deva, coro āgucārī, imassa yaṃ icchasi taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘gacchatha, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Atha rājā majjhanhikasamayaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? ‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Atha rājā sāyanhasamayaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? ‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu so puriso divasaṃ tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyethā’’ti? ‘‘Ekissāpi, bhante, sattiyā haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha; ko pana vādo tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno’’ti! ‘‘Evameva khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, viññāṇāhāro daṭṭhabboti vadāmi. Viññāṇe, bhikkhave, āhāre pariññāte nāmarūpaṃ pariññātaṃ hoti, nāmarūpe pariññāte ariyasāvakassa natthi kiñci uttarikaraṇīyanti vadāmī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

63. Tatiye cattārome, bhikkhave, āhārātiādi vuttanayameva. Yasmā panassa aṭṭhuppattiko nikkhepo, tasmā taṃ dassetvāvettha anupubbapadavaṇṇanaṃ karissāmi. Katarāya pana idaṃ aṭṭhuppattiyā nikkhittanti? Lābhasakkārena. Bhagavato kira mahālābhasakkāro uppajji, yathā taṃ cattāro asaṅkhyeyye pūritadānapāramīsañcayassa. Sabbadisāsu hissa yamakamahāmegho vuṭṭhahitvā mahoghaṃ viya sabbapāramiyo ‘‘ekasmiṃ attabhāve vipākaṃ dassāmā’’ti sampiṇḍitā viya lābhasakkāramahoghaṃ nibbattayiṃsu. Tato tato annapānayānavatthamālāgandhavilepanādihatthā khattiyabrāhmaṇādayo āgantvā, ‘‘kahaṃ buddho, kahaṃ bhagavā, kahaṃ devadevo narāsabho purisasīho’’ti? Bhagavantaṃ pariyesanti. Sakaṭasatehipi paccaye āharitvā okāsaṃ alabhamānā samantā gāvutappamāṇampi sakaṭadhurena sakaṭadhuraṃ āhacca tiṭṭhanti ceva anuppavattanti ca andhakavindabrāhmaṇādayo viya. Sabbaṃ khandhake tesu tesu suttesu ca āgatanayena veditabbaṃ.

Yathā bhagavato, evaṃ bhikkhusaṅghassāpi. Vuttañcetaṃ –

‘‘Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā sakkato hoti garukato mānito pūjito apacito lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilāna-paccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārānaṃ. Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho sakkato hoti…pe… parikkhārāna’’nti (udā. 14; saṃ. ni. 2.70).

4. Atthirāgasuttaṃ

64. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘cattārome, bhikkhave, āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya. Katame cattāro? Kabaḷīkāro āhāro oḷāriko vā sukhumo vā, phasso dutiyo, manosañcetanā tatiyā, viññāṇaṃ catutthaṃ. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro āhārā bhūtānaṃ vā sattānaṃ ṭhitiyā sambhavesīnaṃ vā anuggahāya’’.

‘‘Kabaḷīkāre ce, bhikkhave, āhāre atthi rāgo atthi nandī atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ. Yattha patiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ, atthi tattha nāmarūpassa avakkanti. Yattha atthi nāmarūpassa avakkanti, atthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi. Yattha atthi saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi, atthi tattha āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti, atthi tattha āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ, sasokaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, sadaraṃ saupāyāsanti vadāmi.

‘‘Phasse ce, bhikkhave, āhāre…pe… manosañcetanāya ce, bhikkhave, āhāre… viññāṇe ce, bhikkhave, āhāre atthi rāgo atthi nandī atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ. Yattha patiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ, atthi tattha nāmarūpassa avakkanti. Yattha atthi nāmarūpassa avakkanti, atthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi. Yattha atthi saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi, atthi tattha āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti, atthi tattha āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ, sasokaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, sadaraṃ saupāyāsanti vadāmi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, rajako vā cittakārako vā sati rajanāya vā lākhāya vā haliddiyā vā nīliyā vā mañjiṭṭhāya vā suparimaṭṭhe vā phalake bhittiyā vā dussapaṭṭe vā itthirūpaṃ vā purisarūpaṃ vā abhinimmineyya sabbaṅgapaccaṅgaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, kabaḷīkāre ce āhāre atthi rāgo atthi nandī atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ. Yattha patiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ, atthi tattha nāmarūpassa avakkanti. Yattha atthi nāmarūpassa avakkanti, atthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi. Yattha atthi saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi, atthi tattha āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti, atthi tattha āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ, sasokaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, sadaraṃ saupāyāsanti vadāmi.

‘‘Phasse ce, bhikkhave, āhāre…pe… manosañcetanāya ce, bhikkhave, āhāre… viññāṇe ce, bhikkhave, āhāre atthi rāgo atthi nandī atthi taṇhā, patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ. Yattha patiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ virūḷhaṃ, atthi tattha nāmarūpassa avakkanti. Yattha atthi nāmarūpassa avakkanti, atthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi. Yattha atthi saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi, atthi tattha āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti, atthi tattha āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ, sasokaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, sadaraṃ saupāyāsanti vadāmi.

‘‘Kabaḷīkāre ce, bhikkhave, āhāre natthi rāgo natthi nandī natthi taṇhā, appatiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ. Yattha appatiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ, natthi tattha nāmarūpassa avakkanti. Yattha natthi nāmarūpassa avakkanti, natthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi. Yattha natthi saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi, natthi tattha āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti. Yattha natthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti, natthi tattha āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ. Yattha natthi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ, asokaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, adaraṃ anupāyāsanti vadāmi.

‘‘Phasse ce, bhikkhave, āhāre…pe… manosañcetanāya ce, bhikkhave, āhāre… viññāṇe ce, bhikkhave, āhāre natthi rāgo natthi nandī natthi taṇhā, appatiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ. Yattha appatiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ, natthi tattha nāmarūpassa avakkanti. Yattha natthi nāmarūpassa avakkanti, natthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi. Yattha natthi saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi, natthi tattha āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti. Yattha natthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti, natthi tattha āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ. Yattha natthi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ, asokaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, adaraṃ anupāyāsanti vadāmi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kūṭāgāraṃ vā kūṭāgārasālaṃ vā uttarāya vā dakkhiṇāya vā pācīnāya vā vātapānā sūriye uggacchante vātapānena rasmi pavisitvā kvāssa patiṭṭhitā’’ kattha patiṭṭhitā (ka.) ti? ‘‘Pacchimāyaṃ, bhante, bhittiya’’nti. ‘‘Pacchimā ce, bhikkhave, bhitti nāssa kvāssa patiṭṭhitā’’ti? ‘‘Pathaviyaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Pathavī ce, bhikkhave, nāssa kvāssa patiṭṭhitā’’ti? ‘‘Āpasmiṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Āpo ce, bhikkhave, nāssa kvāssa patiṭṭhitā’’ti? ‘‘Appatiṭṭhitā, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, kabaḷīkāre ce āhāre natthi rāgo natthi nandī natthi taṇhā…pe….

‘‘Phasse ce, bhikkhave, āhāre… manosañcetanāya ce, bhikkhave, āhāre… viññāṇe ce, bhikkhave, āhāre natthi rāgo natthi nandī natthi taṇhā, appatiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ. Yattha appatiṭṭhitaṃ viññāṇaṃ avirūḷhaṃ, natthi tattha nāmarūpassa avakkanti. Yattha natthi nāmarūpassa avakkanti, natthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi. Yattha natthi saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhi, natthi tattha āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti. Yattha natthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti, natthi tattha āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ. Yattha natthi āyatiṃ jātijarāmaraṇaṃ asokaṃ taṃ, bhikkhave, adaraṃ anupāyāsanti vadāmī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

64. Catutthe rāgotiādīni lobhasseva nāmāni. So hi rañjanavasena rāgo, nandanavasena nandī, taṇhāyanavasena taṇhāti vuccati. Patiṭṭhitaṃ tattha viññāṇaṃ virūḷhanti kammaṃ javāpetvā paṭisandhiākaḍḍhanasamatthatāya patiṭṭhitañceva virūḷhañca. Yatthāti tebhūmakavaṭṭe bhummaṃ, sabbattha vā purimapurimapade etaṃ bhummaṃ. Atthi tattha saṅkhārānaṃ vuddhīti idaṃ imasmiṃ vipākavaṭṭe ṭhitassa āyativaṭṭahetuke saṅkhāre sandhāya vuttaṃ. Yattha atthi āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattīti yasmiṃ ṭhāne āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbatti atthi.

Evameva khoti ettha idaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ – rajakacittakārā viya hi sahakammasambhāraṃ kammaṃ, phalakabhittidussapaṭā viya tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ. Yathā rajakacittakārā parisuddhesu phalakādīsu rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpenti, evameva sasambhārakakammaṃ bhavesu rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Tattha yathā akusalena cittakārena samuṭṭhāpitaṃ rūpaṃ virūpaṃ hoti dussaṇṭhitaṃ amanāpaṃ, evameva ekacco kammaṃ karonto ñāṇavippayuttena cittena karoti, taṃ kammaṃ rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpentaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ sampattiṃ adatvā dubbaṇṇaṃ dussaṇṭhitaṃ mātāpitūnampi amanāpaṃ rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti. Yathā pana kusalena cittakārena samuṭṭhāpitaṃ rūpaṃ surūpaṃ hoti susaṇṭhitaṃ manāpaṃ, evameva ekacco kammaṃ karonto ñāṇasampayuttena cittena karoti, taṃ kammaṃ rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpentaṃ cakkhādīnaṃ sampattiṃ datvā suvaṇṇaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ viya rūpaṃ samuṭṭhāpeti.

Ettha ca āhāraṃ viññāṇena saddhiṃ saṅkhipitvā āhāranāmarūpānaṃ antare eko sandhi, vipākavidhiṃ nāmarūpena saṅkhipitvā nāmarūpasaṅkhārānaṃ antare eko sandhi, saṅkhārānañca āyatibhavassa ca antare eko sandhīti veditabbo.

Kūṭāgāranti ekakaṇṇikaṃ gāhāpetvā kataṃ agāraṃ. Kūṭāgārasālāti dve kaṇṇike gahetvā katasālā. Evameva khoti ettha khīṇāsavassa kammaṃ sūriyarasmisamaṃ veditabbaṃ. Sūriyarasmi pana atthi, sā kevalaṃ patiṭṭhāya abhāvena appatiṭṭhā nāma jātā, khīṇāsavassa kammaṃ natthitāya eva appatiṭṭhaṃ. Tassa hi kāyādayo atthi, tehi pana katakammaṃ kusalākusalaṃ nāma na hoti, kiriyamatte ṭhatvā avipākaṃ hoti. Evamassa kammaṃ natthitāya eva appatiṭṭhaṃ nāma jātanti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Nagarasuttaṃ

65. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘pubbe me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi – ‘kicchā vatāyaṃ loko āpanno jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca. Atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassa. Kudāssu nāma imassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyissati jarāmaraṇassā’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇa’nti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati jāti hoti…pe… bhavo hoti… upādānaṃ hoti… taṇhā hoti… vedanā hoti… phasso hoti… saḷāyatanaṃ hoti… nāmarūpaṃ hoti… kiṃpaccayā nāmarūpa’nti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘viññāṇe kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’nti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā viññāṇa’nti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – paccudāvattati kho idaṃ viññāṇaṃ nāmarūpamhā na paraṃ gacchati. Ettāvatā jāyetha vā jīyetha vā mīyetha vā cavetha vā upapajjetha vā, yadidaṃ nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇaṃ; viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ; nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ; saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. ‘Samudayo, samudayo’ti kho me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi ñāṇaṃ udapādi paññā udapādi vijjā udapādi āloko udapādi.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati, jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti; kissa nirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘jātiyā kho asati, jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti; jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti. Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati jāti na hoti…pe… bhavo na hoti… upādānaṃ na hoti… taṇhā na hoti… vedanā na hoti… phasso na hoti… saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti… nāmarūpaṃ na hoti. Kissa nirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘viññāṇe kho asati, nāmarūpaṃ na hoti; viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘kimhi nu kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti; kissa nirodhā viññāṇanirodho’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo – ‘nāmarūpe kho asati, viññāṇaṃ na hoti; nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – adhigato kho myāyaṃ maggo bodhāya yadidaṃ – nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho; viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho; nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho; saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti. ‘Nirodho, nirodho’ti kho me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi ñāṇaṃ udapādi paññā udapādi vijjā udapādi āloko udapādi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso araññe pavane caramāno passeyya purāṇaṃ maggaṃ purāṇañjasaṃ pubbakehi manussehi anuyātaṃ. So tamanugaccheyya. Tamanugacchanto passeyya purāṇaṃ nagaraṃ purāṇaṃ rājadhāniṃ pubbakehi manussehi ajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ ajjhāvutthaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) ārāmasampannaṃ vanasampannaṃ pokkharaṇīsampannaṃ uddhāpavantaṃ uddāpavantaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) ramaṇīyaṃ. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, puriso rañño vā rājamahāmattassa vā āroceyya – ‘yagghe, bhante, jāneyyāsi – ahaṃ addasaṃ araññe pavane caramāno purāṇaṃ maggaṃ purāṇañjasaṃ pubbakehi manussehi anuyātaṃ tamanugacchiṃ. Tamanugacchanto addasaṃ purāṇaṃ nagaraṃ purāṇaṃ rājadhāniṃ pubbakehi manussehi ajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ ārāmasampannaṃ vanasampannaṃ pokkharaṇīsampannaṃ uddhāpavantaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ. Taṃ, bhante, nagaraṃ māpehī’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, rājā vā rājamahāmatto vā taṃ nagaraṃ māpeyya. Tadassa nagaraṃ aparena samayena iddhañceva phītañca bāhujaññaṃ ākiṇṇamanussaṃ vuddhivepullappattaṃ. Evameva khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, addasaṃ purāṇaṃ maggaṃ purāṇañjasaṃ pubbakehi sammāsambuddhehi anuyātaṃ.

‘‘Katamo ca so, bhikkhave, purāṇamaggo purāṇañjaso pubbakehi sammāsambuddhehi anuyāto? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ kho so, bhikkhave, purāṇamaggo purāṇañjaso pubbakehi sammāsambuddhehi anuyāto, tamanugacchiṃ; tamanugacchanto jarāmaraṇaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ. Tamanugacchiṃ; tamanugacchanto jātiṃ abbhaññāsiṃ…pe… bhavaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ… upādānaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ… taṇhaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ… vedanaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ… phassaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ… saḷāyatanaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ… nāmarūpaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ… viññāṇaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ. Tamanugacchiṃ; tamanugacchanto saṅkhāre abbhaññāsiṃ; saṅkhārasamudayaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; saṅkhāranirodhaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ. Tadabhiññā ācikkhiṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ. Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, brahmacariyaṃ iddhañceva phītañca vitthārikaṃ bāhujaññaṃ puthubhūtaṃ yāva devamanussehi suppakāsita’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.

65. Pañcame nāmarūpe kho sati viññāṇanti ettha ‘‘saṅkhāresu sati viññāṇa’’nti ca ‘‘avijjāya sati saṅkhārā’’ti ca vattabbaṃ bhaveyya, tadubhayampi na vuttaṃ. Kasmā? Avijjāsaṅkhārā hi tatiyo bhavo, tehi saddhiṃ ayaṃ vipassanā na ghaṭīyati. Mahāpuriso hi paccuppannapañcavokāravasena abhiniviṭṭhoti.

Nanu ca avijjāsaṅkhāresu adiṭṭhesu na sakkā buddhena bhavitunti. Saccaṃ na sakkā, iminā pana te bhavaupādānataṇhāvasena diṭṭhāva. Tasmā yathā nāma godhaṃ anubandhanto puriso taṃ kūpaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ disvā otaritvā paviṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ khaṇitvā godhaṃ gahetvā pakkameyya, na parabhāgaṃ khaneyya, kasmā? Kassaci natthitāya. Evaṃ mahāpurisopi godhaṃ anubandhanto puriso viya bodhipallaṅke nisinno jarāmaraṇato paṭṭhāya ‘‘imassa ayaṃ paccayo, imassa ayaṃ paccayo’’ti pariyesanto yāva nāmarūpadhammānaṃ paccayaṃ disvā tassapi paccayaṃ pariyesanto viññāṇameva addasa. Tato ‘‘ettako pañcavokārabhavavasena sammasanacāro’’ti vipassanaṃ paṭinivattesi, parato tucchakūpassa abhinnaṭṭhānaṃ viya avijjāsaṅkhāradvayaṃ atthi, tadetaṃ heṭṭhā vipassanāya gahitattā pāṭiyekkaṃ sammasanūpagaṃ na hotīti na aggahesi.

Paccudāvattatīti paṭinivattati. Katamaṃ panettha viññāṇaṃ paccudāvattatīti? Paṭisandhiviññāṇampi vipassanāviññāṇampi. Tattha paṭisandhiviññāṇaṃ paccayato paṭinivattati, vipassanāviññāṇaṃ ārammaṇato. Ubhayampi nāmarūpaṃ nātikkamati, nāmarūpato paraṃ na gacchati. Ettāvatā jāyetha vātiādīsu viññāṇe nāmarūpassa paccaye honte, nāmarūpe viññāṇassa paccaye honte, dvīsupi aññamaññapaccayesu hontesu ettakena jāyetha vā upapajjetha vā. Ito hi paraṃ kimaññaṃ jāyetha vā upapajjetha vā, nanu etadeva jāyati ca upapajjati cāti?

6. Sammasasuttaṃ

66. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘sammasatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, antaraṃ sammasa’’nti antarā sammasananti (sī.). Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, bhante, sammasāmi antaraṃ sammasa’’nti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, sammasasi antaraṃ sammasa’’nti? Atha kho so bhikkhu byākāsi. Yathā so bhikkhu byākāsi na so bhikkhu bhagavato cittaṃ ārādhesi.

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘etassa, bhagavā, kālo; etassa, sugata, kālo; yaṃ bhagavā antaraṃ sammasaṃ bhāseyya. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tenahānanda, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sammasamāno sammasati antaraṃ sammasaṃ sammasanaṃ (sī.) – ‘yaṃ kho idaṃ anekavidhaṃ nānappakārakaṃ dukkhaṃ loke uppajjati jarāmaraṇaṃ. Idaṃ kho dukkhaṃ kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ, kismiṃ sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kismiṃ asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’ti? So sammasamāno evaṃ jānāti – ‘yaṃ kho idaṃ anekavidhaṃ nānappakārakaṃ dukkhaṃ loke uppajjati jarāmaraṇaṃ. Idaṃ kho dukkhaṃ upadhinidānaṃ upadhisamudayaṃ upadhijātikaṃ upadhipabhavaṃ, upadhismiṃ sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, upadhismiṃ asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hotī’ti. So jarāmaraṇañca pajānāti jarāmaraṇasamudayañca pajānāti jarāmaraṇanirodhañca pajānāti yā ca jarāmaraṇanirodhasāruppagāminī paṭipadā tañca pajānāti. Tathāpaṭipanno ca hoti anudhammacārī. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāya paṭipanno jarāmaraṇanirodhāya.

‘‘Athāparaṃ sammasamāno sammasati antaraṃ sammasaṃ – ‘upadhi panāyaṃ kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo, kismiṃ sati upadhi hoti, kismiṃ asati upadhi na hotī’ti? So sammasamāno evaṃ jānāti – ‘upadhi taṇhānidāno taṇhāsamudayo taṇhājātiko taṇhāpabhavo, taṇhāya sati upadhi hoti, taṇhāya asati upadhi na hotī’ti. So upadhiñca pajānāti upadhisamudayañca pajānāti upadhinirodhañca pajānāti yā ca upadhinirodhasāruppagāminī paṭipadā tañca pajānāti. Tathā paṭipanno ca hoti anudhammacārī. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sabbaso sammā dukkhakkhayāya paṭipanno upadhinirodhāya.

‘‘Athāparaṃ sammasamāno sammasati antaraṃ sammasaṃ – ‘taṇhā panāyaṃ kattha uppajjamānā uppajjati, kattha nivisamānā nivisatī’ti? So sammasamāno evaṃ jānāti – yaṃ kho loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Kiñca loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ? Cakkhuṃ loke piyarūpaṃ, sātarūpaṃ. Etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati, ettha nivisamānā nivisati. Sotaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ…pe… ghānaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ… jivhā loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ… kāyo loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ… mano loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjati ettha nivisamānā nivisati.

‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ niccato addakkhuṃ sukhato addakkhuṃ attato addakkhuṃ ārogyato addakkhuṃ khemato addakkhuṃ. Te taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhesuṃ. Ye taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhesuṃ te upadhiṃ vaḍḍhesuṃ. Ye upadhiṃ vaḍḍhesuṃ te dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhesuṃ. Ye dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhesuṃ te na parimucciṃsu jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, na parimucciṃsu dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Yepi hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ niccato dakkhissanti dakkhinti (sī.) sukhato dakkhissanti attato dakkhissanti ārogyato dakkhissanti khemato dakkhissanti. Te taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhissanti. Ye taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhissanti te upadhiṃ vaḍḍhissanti. Ye upadhiṃ vaḍḍhissanti te dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhissanti. Ye dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhissanti te na parimuccissanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, na parimuccissanti dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Yepi hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ niccato passanti sukhato passanti attato passanti ārogyato passanti khemato passanti. Te taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhenti. Ye taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhenti te upadhiṃ vaḍḍhenti. Ye upadhiṃ vaḍḍhenti te dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhenti. Ye dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhenti te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, na parimuccanti dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, āpānīyakaṃso vaṇṇasampanno gandhasampanno rasasampanno. So ca kho visena saṃsaṭṭho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya ghammābhitatto ghammapareto kilanto tasito pipāsito. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ayaṃ te, ambho purisa, āpānīyakaṃso vaṇṇasampanno gandhasampanno rasasampanno; so ca kho visena saṃsaṭṭho. Sace ākaṅkhasi piva. Pivato hi kho taṃ chādessati vaṇṇenapi gandhenapi rasenapi, pivitvā ca pana tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchasi maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’nti. So taṃ āpānīyakaṃsaṃ sahasā appaṭisaṅkhā piveyya, nappaṭinissajjeyya. So tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye hi keci atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ…pe… anāgatamaddhānaṃ…pe… etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ niccato passanti sukhato passanti attato passanti ārogyato passanti khemato passanti, te taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhenti. Ye taṇhaṃ vaḍḍhenti te upadhiṃ vaḍḍhenti. Ye upadhiṃ vaḍḍhenti te dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhenti. Ye dukkhaṃ vaḍḍhenti te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, na parimuccanti dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ aniccato addakkhuṃ dukkhato addakkhuṃ anattato addakkhuṃ rogato addakkhuṃ bhayato addakkhuṃ, te taṇhaṃ pajahiṃsu. Ye taṇhaṃ pajahiṃsu te upadhiṃ pajahiṃsu. Ye upadhiṃ pajahiṃsu te dukkhaṃ pajahiṃsu. Ye dukkhaṃ pajahiṃsu te parimucciṃsu jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, parimucciṃsu dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Yepi hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ aniccato dakkhissanti dukkhato dakkhissanti anattato dakkhissanti rogato dakkhissanti bhayato dakkhissanti, te taṇhaṃ pajahissanti. Ye taṇhaṃ pajahissanti…pe… parimuccissanti dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Yepi hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ aniccato passanti dukkhato passanti anattato passanti rogato passanti bhayato passanti, te taṇhaṃ pajahanti. Ye taṇhaṃ pajahanti te upadhiṃ pajahanti. Ye upadhiṃ pajahanti te dukkhaṃ pajahanti. Ye dukkhaṃ pajahanti te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, parimuccanti dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, āpānīyakaṃso vaṇṇasampanno gandhasampanno rasasampanno. So ca kho visena saṃsaṭṭho. Atha puriso āgaccheyya ghammābhitatto ghammapareto kilanto tasito pipāsito. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘ayaṃ te, ambho purisa, āpānīyakaṃso vaṇṇasampanno gandhasampanno rasasampanno so ca kho visena saṃsaṭṭho. Sace ākaṅkhasi piva. Pivato hi kho taṃ chādessati vaṇṇenapi gandhenapi rasenapi; pivitvā ca pana tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchasi maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’nti. Atha kho, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa evamassa – ‘sakkā kho me ayaṃ surāpipāsitā surāpipāsā (?) pānīyena vā vinetuṃ dadhimaṇḍakena vā vinetuṃ bhaṭṭhaloṇikāya maṭṭhaloṇikāya (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) vā vinetuṃ loṇasovīrakena vā vinetuṃ, na tvevāhaṃ taṃ piveyyaṃ, yaṃ mama assa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’ti. So taṃ āpānīyakaṃsaṃ paṭisaṅkhā na piveyya, paṭinissajjeyya. So tatonidānaṃ na maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye hi keci atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ aniccato addakkhuṃ dukkhato addakkhuṃ anattato addakkhuṃ rogato addakkhuṃ bhayato addakkhuṃ, te taṇhaṃ pajahiṃsu. Ye taṇhaṃ pajahiṃsu te upadhiṃ pajahiṃsu. Ye upadhiṃ pajahiṃsu te dukkhaṃ pajahiṃsu. Ye dukkhaṃ pajahiṃsu te parimucciṃsu jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, parimucciṃsu dukkhasmāti vadāmi.

‘‘Yepi hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ…pe… etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yaṃ loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpaṃ taṃ aniccato passanti dukkhato passanti anattato passanti rogato passanti bhayato passanti, te taṇhaṃ pajahanti. Ye taṇhaṃ pajahanti te upadhiṃ pajahanti. Ye upadhiṃ pajahanti te dukkhaṃ pajahanti. Ye dukkhaṃ pajahanti te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi, parimuccanti dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

66. Chaṭṭhe āmantesīti kasmā āmantesi? Yasmāssa sukhumā tilakkhaṇāhatā dhammadesanā upaṭṭhāsi. Tasmiṃ kira janapade manussā sahetukā paññavanto. Siniddhāni kirettha bhojanāni, tānisevato janassa paññā vaḍḍhati, te gambhīraṃ tilakkhaṇāhataṃ dhammakathaṃ paṭivijjhituṃ samatthā honti. Teneva bhagavā dīghamajjhimesu mahāsatipaṭṭhānāni (dī. ni. 2.372 ādayo) mahānidānaṃ (dī. ni. 2.95 ādayo), āneñjasappāyaṃ (ma. ni. 3.66 ādayo), saṃyuttake cūḷanidānādisuttanti evamādīni aññāni gambhīrāni suttāni tattheva kathesi. Sammasatha noti sammasatha nu. Antaraṃ sammasanti abbhantaraṃ paccayasammasanaṃ. Na so bhikkhu bhagavato cittaṃ ārādhesīti paccayākāravasena byākārāpetukāmassa bhagavato tathā abyākaritvā dvattiṃsākāravasena byākaronto ajjhāsayaṃ gahetuṃ nāsakkhi.

Etadavocāti desanā yathānusandhiṃ na gatā, desanāya yathānusandhigamanatthaṃ etadavoca. Tenahānanda, suṇāthāti idaṃ tepiṭake buddhavacane asambhinnapadaṃ. Aññattha hi evaṃ vuttaṃ nāma natthi. Upadhinidānanti khandhupadhinidānaṃ. Khandhapañcakañhettha upadhīti adhippetaṃ. Uppajjatīti jāyati. Nivisatīti punappunaṃ pavattivasena patiṭṭhahati.

Yaṃ kho loke piyarūpaṃ sātarūpanti yaṃ lokasmiṃ piyasabhāvañceva madhurasabhāvañca. Cakkhuṃ loketiādīsu lokasmiñhi cakkhādīsu mamattena abhiniviṭṭhā sattā sampattiyaṃ patiṭṭhitā attano cakkhuṃ ādāsādīsu nimittaggahaṇānusārena vippasannapañcapasādaṃ suvaṇṇavimāne ugghāṭitamaṇisīhapañjaraṃ viya maññanti, sotaṃ rajatapanāḷikaṃ viya pāmaṅgasuttaṃ viya ca maññanti, tuṅganāsāti laddhavohāraṃ ghānaṃ vaṭṭetvā ṭhapitaharitālavaṭṭiṃ viya maññanti, jivhaṃ rattakambalapaṭalaṃ viya mudusiniddhamadhurarasadaṃ maññanti, kāyaṃ sālalaṭṭhiṃ viya suvaṇṇatoraṇaṃ viya ca maññanti, manaṃ aññesaṃ manena asadisaṃ uḷāraṃ maññanti.

Niccato addakkhunti niccanti addasaṃsu. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Na parimucciṃsu dukkhasmāti sakalasmāpi vaṭṭadukkhā na parimucciṃsu. Dakkhissantīti passissanti. Āpānīyakaṃsoti sarakassa nāmaṃ. Yasmā panettha āpaṃ pivanti, tasmā ‘‘āpānīyo’’ti vuccati. Āpānīyo ca so kaṃso cāti āpānīyakaṃso. Surāmaṇḍasarakassetaṃ nāmaṃ. ‘‘Vaṇṇasampanno’’tiādivacanato pana kaṃse ṭhitapānameva evaṃ vuttaṃ. Ghammābhitattoti ghammena abhitatto. Ghammaparetoti ghammena phuṭṭho, anugatoti attho. Pivato hi kho taṃ chādessatīti pivantassa taṃ pānīyaṃ vaṇṇādisampattiyā ruccissati, sakalasarīraṃ vā pharitvā tuṭṭhiṃ uppādayamānaṃ ṭhassati. Appaṭisaṅkhāti apaccavekkhitvā.

7. Naḷakalāpīsuttaṃ

67. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca mahākoṭṭhiko mahākoṭṭhito (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, sayaṃkataṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, paraṃkataṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca jarāmaraṇaṃ, udāhu asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ jarāmaraṇa’’nti? ‘‘Na kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, sayaṃkataṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, na paraṃkataṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ, na sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca jarāmaraṇaṃ, nāpi asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ jarāmaraṇaṃ. Api ca, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’nti.

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, sayaṃkatā jāti, paraṃkatā jāti, sayaṃkatā ca paraṃkatā ca jāti, udāhu asayaṃkārā aparaṃkārā adhiccasamuppannā jātī’’ti? ‘‘Na kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, sayaṃkatā jāti, na paraṃkatā jāti, na sayaṃkatā ca paraṃkatā ca jāti, nāpi asayaṃkārā aparaṃkārā adhiccasamuppannā jāti. Api ca, bhavapaccayā jātī’’ti.

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, sayaṃkato bhavo…pe… sayaṃkataṃ upādānaṃ… sayaṃkatā taṇhā… sayaṃkatā vedanā… sayaṃkato phasso… sayaṃkataṃ saḷāyatanaṃ… sayaṃkataṃ nāmarūpaṃ, paraṃkataṃ nāmarūpaṃ, sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca nāmarūpaṃ, udāhu asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ nāmarūpa’’nti? ‘‘Na kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, sayaṃkataṃ nāmarūpaṃ, na paraṃkataṃ nāmarūpaṃ, na sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca nāmarūpaṃ, nāpi asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ, adhiccasamuppannaṃ nāmarūpaṃ. Api ca, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’nti.

‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, sayaṅkataṃ viññāṇaṃ, paraṅkataṃ viññāṇaṃ, sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca viññāṇaṃ, udāhu asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ viññāṇa’’nti? ‘‘Na kho, āvuso koṭṭhika, sayaṃkataṃ viññāṇaṃ, na paraṃkataṃ viññāṇaṃ na sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca viññāṇaṃ, nāpi asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Api ca, nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇa’’nti.

‘‘Idāneva kho mayaṃ āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ evaṃ ājānāma – ‘na khvāvuso koṭṭhika, sayaṃkataṃ nāmarūpaṃ, na paraṃkataṃ nāmarūpaṃ, na sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca nāmarūpaṃ, nāpi asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ nāmarūpaṃ. Api ca, viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpa’’’nti.

‘‘Idāneva ca pana mayaṃ āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ evaṃ ājānāma – ‘na khvāvuso koṭṭhika, sayaṃkataṃ viññāṇaṃ, na paraṃkataṃ viññāṇaṃ, na sayaṃkatañca paraṃkatañca viññāṇaṃ, nāpi asayaṃkāraṃ aparaṃkāraṃ adhiccasamuppannaṃ viññāṇaṃ. Api ca, nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Yathā kathaṃ panāvuso sāriputta, imassa bhāsitassa attho daṭṭhabbo’’ti? ‘‘Tenahāvuso, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāyapidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ jānanti. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, dve naḷakalāpiyo aññamaññaṃ nissāya tiṭṭheyyuṃ. Evameva kho, āvuso, nāmarūpapaccayā viññāṇaṃ; viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṃ; nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanaṃ; saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. Tāsaṃ ce, āvuso, naḷakalāpīnaṃ ekaṃ ākaḍḍheyya, ekā papateyya; aparaṃ ce ākaḍḍheyya, aparā papateyya. Evameva kho, āvuso, nāmarūpanirodhā viññāṇanirodho; viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho; nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho; saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho…pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotī’’ti. ‘‘Acchariyaṃ, āvuso sāriputta; abbhutaṃ, āvuso sāriputta! Yāvasubhāsitaṃ cidaṃ āyasmatā sāriputtena. Idañca pana mayaṃ āyasmato sāriputtassa bhāsitaṃ imehi chattiṃsāya vatthūhi anumodāma – ‘jarāmaraṇassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, dhammakathiko bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāya. Jarāmaraṇassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāya. Jarāmaraṇassa ce, āvuso, bhikkhu nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti, diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāya. Jātiyā ce… bhavassa ce… upādānassa ce… taṇhāya ce… vedanāya ce… phassassa ce… saḷāyatanassa ce… nāmarūpassa ce… viññāṇassa ce… saṅkhārānaṃ ce… avijjāya ce, āvuso, bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya dhammaṃ deseti, dhammakathiko bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāya. Avijjāya ce, āvuso, bhikkhu nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti, dhammānudhammappaṭipanno bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāya. Avijjāya ce, āvuso, bhikkhu nibbidā virāgā nirodhā anupādā vimutto hoti, diṭṭhadhammanibbānappatto bhikkhūti alaṃ vacanāyā’’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

67. Sattame kinnu kho, āvusoti kasmā pucchati? ‘‘Evaṃ puṭṭho kathaṃ nu kho byākareyyā’’ti. Therassa ajjhāsayajānanatthaṃ. Apica atīte dve aggasāvakā imaṃ pañhaṃ vinicchayiṃsūti anāgate bhikkhū jānissantītipi pucchati. Idāneva kho mayanti idaṃ thero yassa nāmarūpassa viññāṇaṃ paccayoti vuttaṃ, tadeva nāmarūpaṃ viññāṇassa paccayoti vuttattā āha. Naḷakalāpiyoti idha pana ayakalāpādivasena upamaṃ anāharitvā viññāṇanāmarūpānaṃ abaladubbalabhāvadassanatthaṃ ayaṃ upamā ābhatā.

Nirodho hotīti ettake ṭhāne paccayuppannapañcavokārabhavavasena desanā kathitā. Chattiṃsāya vatthūhīti heṭṭhā vissajjitesu dvādasasu padesu ekekasmiṃ tiṇṇaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vasena chattiṃsāya kāraṇehi. Ettha ca paṭhamo dhammakathikaguṇo, dutiyā paṭipatti, tatiyaṃ paṭipattiphalaṃ. Tattha paṭhamanayena desanāsampatti kathitā, dutiyena sekkhabhūmi, tatiyena asekkhabhūmīti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Kosambisuttaṃ

68. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca musilo mūsilo (sī.), musīlo (pī.) āyasmā ca paviṭṭho saviṭṭho (sī. pī.) āyasmā ca nārado āyasmā ca ānando kosambiyaṃ viharanti ghositārāme. Atha kho āyasmā paviṭṭho āyasmantaṃ musilaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘aññatreva, āvuso musila, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato musilassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso musila, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato musilassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘bhavapaccayā jātīti…pe… upādānapaccayā bhavoti… taṇhāpaccayā upādānanti… vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti… phassapaccayā vedanāti… saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti… nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti… viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti… saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇanti… avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’’ti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’’ti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso musila, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato musilassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’’’ti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso musila, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato musilassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘bhavanirodhā jātinirodhoti…pe… upādānanirodhā bhavanirodhoti… taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodhoti… vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodhoti… phassanirodhā vedanānirodhoti… saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodhoti… nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodhoti… viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodhoti … saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodhoti… avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’’ti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso musila, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato musilassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘bhavanirodho nibbāna’’’nti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘bhavanirodho nibbāna’’’nti.

‘‘Tenahāyasmā musilo arahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’ti? Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā musilo tuṇhī ahosi. Atha kho āyasmā nārado āyasmantaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhāvuso paviṭṭha, ahaṃ etaṃ pañhaṃ labheyyaṃ. Maṃ etaṃ pañhaṃ puccha. Ahaṃ te etaṃ pañhaṃ byākarissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Labhatāyasmā nārado etaṃ pañhaṃ. Pucchāmahaṃ āyasmantaṃ nāradaṃ etaṃ pañhaṃ. Byākarotu ca me āyasmā nārado etaṃ pañhaṃ’’.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso nārada, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato nāradassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’’’nti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso nārada, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato nāradassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – bhavapaccayā jāti…pe… avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’ti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’’ti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso nārada, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato nāradassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’’’ti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso nārada, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato nāradassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘bhavanirodhā jātinirodhoti…pe… avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’’ti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’’’ti.

‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso nārada, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā atthāyasmato nāradassa paccattameva ñāṇaṃ – ‘bhavanirodho nibbāna’’’nti? ‘‘Aññatreva, āvuso paviṭṭha, saddhāya aññatra ruciyā aññatra anussavā aññatra ākāraparivitakkā aññatra diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā ahametaṃ jānāmi ahametaṃ passāmi – ‘bhavanirodho nibbāna’’’nti.

‘‘Tenahāyasmā nārado arahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’ti? ‘‘‘Bhavanirodho nibbāna’nti kho me, āvuso, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ, na camhi arahaṃ khīṇāsavo. Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kantāramagge udapāno. Tatra nevassa rajju na udakavārako. Atha puriso āgaccheyya ghammābhitatto ghammapareto kilanto tasito pipāsito, so taṃ udapānaṃ olokeyya. Tassa ‘udaka’nti hi kho ñāṇaṃ assa, na ca kāyena phusitvā vihareyya. Evameva kho, āvuso, ‘bhavanirodho nibbāna’nti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ, na camhi arahaṃ khīṇāsavo’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘evaṃvādī evaṃvādiṃ (?) tvaṃ, āvuso paviṭṭha, āyasmantaṃ nāradaṃ kiṃ vadesī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃvādāhaṃ, āvuso ānanda, āyasmantaṃ nāradaṃ na kiñci vadāmi aññatra kalyāṇā aññatra kusalā’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

68. Aṭṭhame aññatrevāti ekacco hi parassa saddahitvā yaṃ esa bhaṇati, taṃ bhūtanti gaṇhāti. Aparassa nisīditvā cintentassa yaṃ kāraṇaṃ ruccati, so ‘‘atthi eta’’nti ruciyā gaṇhāti. Eko ‘‘cirakālato paṭṭhāya evaṃ anussavo atthi, bhūtameta’’nti anussavena gaṇhāti. Aññassa vitakkayato ekaṃ kāraṇaṃ upaṭṭhāti, so ‘‘attheta’’nti ākāraparivitakkena gaṇhāti. Aparassa cintayato ekā diṭṭhi uppajjati, yāyassa taṃ kāraṇaṃ nijjhāyantassa khamati, so ‘‘attheta’’nti diṭṭhinijjhānakkhantiyā gaṇhāti. Thero pana pañcapi etāni kāraṇāni paṭikkhipitvā paccakkhañāṇena paṭividdhabhāvaṃ pucchanto aññatreva, āvuso musila, saddhāyātiādimāha. Tattha aññatrevāti saddhādīni kāraṇāni ṭhapetvā, vinā etehi kāraṇehīti attho. Bhavanirodho nibbānanti pañcakkhandhanirodho nibbānaṃ.

Tuṇhī ahosīti thero khīṇāsavo, ahaṃ pana khīṇāsavoti vā na vāti vā avatvā tuṇhīyeva ahosi. Āyasmā nārado āyasmantaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ etadavocāti kasmā avoca? So kira cintesi – ‘‘bhavanirodho nibbānaṃ nāmāti sekhehipi jānitabbo pañho esa, ayaṃ pana thero imaṃ theraṃ asekhabhūmiyā kāreti, imaṃ ṭhānaṃ jānāpessāmī’’ti etaṃ avoca.

Sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhanti saha vipassanāya maggapaññāya suṭṭhu diṭṭhaṃ. Na camhi arahanti anāgāmimagge ṭhitattā arahaṃ na homīti dīpeti. Yaṃ panassa idāni ‘‘bhavanirodho nibbāna’’nti ñāṇaṃ, taṃ ekūnavīsatiyā paccavekkhaṇañāṇehi vimuttaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ. Udapānoti vīsatiṃsahatthagambhīro pānīyakūpo. Udakavārakoti udakaussiñcanavārako. Udakanti hi kho ñāṇaṃ assāti tīre ṭhitassa olokayato evaṃ ñāṇaṃ bhaveyya. Na ca kāyena phusitvāti udakaṃ pana nīharitvā kāyena phusitvā viharituṃ na sakkuṇeyya. Udapāne udakadassanaṃ viya hi anāgāmino nibbānadassanaṃ, ghammābhitattapuriso viya anāgāmī, udakavārako viya arahattamaggo, yathā ghammābhitattapuriso udapāne udakaṃ passati. Evaṃ anāgāmī paccavekkhaṇañāṇena ‘‘upari arahattaphalasamayo nāma atthī’’ti jānāti. Yathā pana so puriso udakavārakassa natthitāya udakaṃ nīharitvā kāyena phusituṃ na labhati, evaṃ anāgāmī arahattamaggassa natthitāya nibbānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ katvā arahattaphalasamāpattiṃ appetvā nisīdituṃ na labhati. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

68. Aṭṭhame parassa saddahitvāti parassa vacanaṃ saddahitvā. Tenāha **‘‘yaṃ esa bhaṇati, taṃ bhūtanti gaṇhātī’’**ti. Parapattiyo hi eso paraneyyabuddhiko. Yaṃ kāraṇanti yaṃ attanā cintitavatthu. Ruccatīti ‘‘evametaṃ bhavissati, na aññathā’’ti attano matiyā cintentassa ruccati. Ruciyā gaṇhātīti parapattiyo ahutvā sayameva tathā rocento gaṇhāti. Anussavoti ‘‘anu anu suta’’nti evaṃ cirakālagatāya anussutiyā labbhamānaṃ ‘‘kathamidaṃ siyā, kasmā bhūtameta’’nti anussavena gaṇhāti. Vitakkayatoti ‘‘evametaṃ siyā’’ti parikappentassa. Ekaṃ kāraṇaṃ upaṭṭhātīti yathāparikappitavatthu cittassa upaṭṭhāti. Ākāraparivitakkenāti attanā kappitākārenā taṃ gaṇhāti. Ekā diṭṭhi uppajjatīti ‘‘yathāparikappitaṃ kiñci atthaṃ evametaṃ, nāññathā’’ti abhinivisantassa eko abhiniveso uppajjati. Yāyassāti yāya diṭṭhiyā assa puggalassa. Nijjhāyantassāti paccakkhaṃ viya nirūpetvā cintentassa. Khamatīti tathā gahaṇakkhamo hoti. Tenāha **‘‘so…pe… gaṇhātī’’**ti. Etānīti saddhādīni. Tāni hi saddheyyānaṃ vatthūnaṃ gahaṇahetubhāvato ‘‘kāraṇānī’’ti vuttāni. Bhavanirodho nibbānanti navavidhopi bhavo nirujjhati ettha etasmiṃ adhigateti bhavanirodho, nibbānaṃ. Svāyaṃ bhavo pañcakkhandhasaṅgaho tabbinimutto natthīti āha **‘‘pañcakkhandhanirodho nibbāna’’**nti. Bhavanirodho nibbānaṃ nāmāti ‘‘nibbānaṃ nāma bhavanirodho’’ti esa pañho sekkhehipi jānitabbo, na asekkheheva. Imaṃ ṭhānanti imaṃ yāthāvakāraṇaṃ.

9. Upayantisuttaṃ

69. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho…pe… ‘‘mahāsamuddo, bhikkhave, upayanto mahānadiyo upayāpeti, mahānadiyo upayantiyo kunnadiyo upayāpenti, kunnadiyo upayantiyo mahāsobbhe upayāpenti, mahāsobbhā upayantā kusobbhe upayāpenti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjā upayantī saṅkhāre upayāpeti, saṅkhārā upayantā viññāṇaṃ upayāpenti, viññāṇaṃ upayantaṃ nāmarūpaṃ upayāpeti, nāmarūpaṃ upayantaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ upayāpeti, saḷāyatanaṃ upayantaṃ phassaṃ upayāpeti, phasso upayanto vedanaṃ upayāpeti, vedanā upayantī taṇhaṃ upayāpeti, taṇhā upayantī upādānaṃ upayāpeti, upādānaṃ upayantaṃ bhavaṃ upayāpeti, bhavo upayanto jātiṃ upayāpeti, jāti upayantī jarāmaraṇaṃ upayāpeti.

‘‘Mahāsamuddo, bhikkhave, apayanto mahānadiyo apayāpeti, mahānadiyo apayantiyo kunnadiyo apayāpenti, kunnadiyo apayantiyo mahāsobbhe apayāpenti, mahāsobbhā apayantā kusobbhe apayāpenti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjā apayantī saṅkhāre apayāpeti, saṅkhārā apayantā viññāṇaṃ apayāpenti, viññāṇaṃ apayantaṃ nāmarūpaṃ apayāpeti, nāmarūpaṃ apayantaṃ saḷāyatanaṃ apayāpeti, saḷāyatanaṃ apayantaṃ phassaṃ apayāpeti, phasso apayanto vedanaṃ apayāpeti, vedanā apayantī taṇhaṃ apayāpeti, taṇhā apayantī upādānaṃ apayāpeti, upādānaṃ apayantaṃ bhavaṃ apayāpeti, bhavo apayanto jātiṃ apayāpeti, jāti apayantī jarāmaraṇaṃ apayāpetī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

69. Navame upayantoti udakavaḍḍhanasamaye upari gacchanto. Mahānadiyoti gaṅgāyamunādikā mahāsaritāyo. Upayāpetīti upari yāpeti, vaḍḍheti pūretīti attho. Avijjā upayantīti avijjā upari gacchantī saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo bhavituṃ sakkuṇantī. Saṅkhāre upayāpetīti saṅkhāre upari yāpeti vaḍḍheti. Evaṃ sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. Apayantoti apagacchanto osaranto. Avijjā apayantīti avijjā apagacchamānā osaramānā upari saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo bhavituṃ na sakkuṇantīti attho. Saṅkhāre apayāpetīti saṅkhāre apagacchāpeti. Esa nayo sabbapadesu. Navamaṃ.

69. Navame udakavaḍḍhanasamayeti sabbadivasesu mahāsamuddassa anto mahantacandakantamaṇipabbatānaṃ juṇhasamphassena pahatattā jalābhisandanavasena udakassa vaḍḍhanasamaye. Upari gacchantoti pakatiyā udakassa tiṭṭhaṭṭhānassa tato upari gacchantoti attho. Upari yāpetīti udakaṃ tattha uparūpari vaḍḍheti. Tathābhūto ca taṃ brūhento pūrentoti vuccatīti āha **‘‘vaḍḍheti pūretīti attho’’**ti. Yasmā paccayadhammā attano phalasamavāyapaccaye honte tassa upari ṭhito viya hoti tassa attano vase vattāpanato, tasmā vuttaṃ **‘‘avijjā upari gacchantī’’**ti. Paccayabhāvena hi sā tathā vuccati. Tenāha **‘‘saṅkhārānaṃ paccayo bhavituṃ sakkuṇantī’’**ti. Apagacchanto yāyanto. Tenāha **‘‘osaranto’’**ti, avaḍḍhanto parihīyamānoti attho.

Upayantisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Susimasuttaṃ

70. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā sakkato hoti garukato mānito pūjito apacito lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilānappaccaya-bhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Bhikkhusaṅghopi sakkato hoti garukato mānito pūjito apacito lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsanagilānappaccaya-bhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Aññatitthiyā pana paribbājakā asakkatā honti agarukatā amānitā apūjitā anapacitā, na lābhino cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsanagilānappaccaya-bhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ.

Tena kho pana samayena susimo susīmo (sī. ka.) paribbājako rājagahe paṭivasati mahatiyā paribbājakaparisāya saddhiṃ. Atha kho susimassa paribbājakassa parisā susimaṃ paribbājakaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, āvuso susima, samaṇe gotame brahmacariyaṃ cara. Tvaṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā amhe vāceyyāsi vācessasi (pī. ka.). Taṃ mayaṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā gihīnaṃ bhāsissāma. Evaṃ mayampi sakkatā bhavissāma garukatā mānitā pūjitā apacitā lābhino cīvara-piṇḍapātasenāsana-gilānappaccaya-bhesajjaparikkhārāna’’nti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho susimo paribbājako sakāya parisāya paṭissuṇitvā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho susimo paribbājako āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye brahmacariyaṃ caritu’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando susimaṃ paribbājakaṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ayaṃ, bhante, susimo paribbājako evamāha – ‘icchāmahaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye brahmacariyaṃ caritu’’nti. ‘‘Tenahānanda, susimaṃ pabbājethā’’ti. Alattha kho susimo paribbājako bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ, alattha upasampadaṃ.

Tena kho pana samayena sambahulehi bhikkhūhi bhagavato santike aññā byākatā hoti – ‘‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāmā’’ti. Assosi kho āyasmā susimo – ‘‘sambahulehi kira bhikkhūhi bhagavato santike aññā byākatā – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāmā’’ti. Atha kho āyasmā susimo yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā tehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā susimo te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kirāyasmantehi bhagavato santike aññā byākatā – ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāmā’’ti? ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti.

‘‘Api pana api nu (sī. syā. kaṃ.) evamuparipi tumhe āyasmanto evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhotha – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hotha, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hotha; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ, tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamānā gacchatha, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karotha, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchatha, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamatha, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasatha parimajjatha, yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattethā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.

‘‘Api pana tumhe āyasmanto evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇātha dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike cā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.

‘‘Api pana tumhe āyasmanto evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānātha – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānātha; vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ vītarāgaṃ cittanti pajānātha; sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ sadosaṃ cittanti pajānātha; vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ vītadosaṃ cittanti pajānātha; samohaṃ vā cittaṃ samohaṃ cittanti pajānātha; vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ vītamohaṃ cittanti pajānātha; saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ saṃkhittaṃ cittanti pajānātha; vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ vikkhittaṃ cittanti pajānātha; mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ mahaggataṃ cittanti pajānātha; amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ amahaggataṃ cittanti pajānātha; sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ sauttaraṃ cittanti pajānātha; anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ anuttaraṃ cittanti pajānātha; samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ samāhitaṃ cittanti pajānātha; asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ asamāhitaṃ cittanti pajānātha; vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ cittanti pajānātha; avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāthā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.

‘‘Api pana tumhe āyasmanto evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussaratha, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattārīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi, anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhapaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhapaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarathā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.

‘‘Api pana tumhe āyasmanto evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passatha cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānātha – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā, ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā; ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā, ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti, iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passatha cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāthā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.

‘‘Api pana tumhe āyasmanto evaṃ jānantā evaṃ passantā ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe āruppā, te kāyena phusitvā viharathā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, āvuso’’.

‘‘Ettha dāni āyasmanto idañca veyyākaraṇaṃ imesañca dhammānaṃ asamāpatti; idaṃ no, āvuso, katha’’nti? ‘‘Paññāvimuttā kho mayaṃ, āvuso susimā’’ti.

‘‘Na khvāhaṃ imassa āyasmantānaṃ saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Sādhu me āyasmanto tathā bhāsantu yathāhaṃ imassa āyasmantānaṃ saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājāneyya’’nti. ‘‘Ājāneyyāsi vā tvaṃ, āvuso susima, na vā tvaṃ ājāneyyāsi atha kho paññāvimuttā maya’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā susimo uṭṭhāyāsanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā susimo yāvatako tehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ ahosi kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi. ‘‘Pubbe kho, susima, dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ, pacchā nibbāne ñāṇa’’nti.

‘‘Na khvāhaṃ, bhante, imassa bhagavatā bhagavato (pī.) saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājānāmi. Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tathā bhāsatu yathāhaṃ imassa bhagavatā saṃkhittena bhāsitassa vitthārena atthaṃ ājāneyya’’nti. ‘‘Ājāneyyāsi vā tvaṃ, susima, na vā tvaṃ ājāneyyāsi, atha kho dhammaṭṭhitiñāṇaṃ pubbe, pacchā nibbāne ñāṇaṃ’’.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, susima, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Saññā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘saṅkhārā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, susima, yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ netaṃ mama nesohamasmi na meso attāti; evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yā kāci vedanā atītānāgatapaccuppannā ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikā vā sukhumā vā hīnā vā paṇītā vā yā dūre santike vā, sabbā vedanā netaṃ mama nesohamasmi na meso attāti; evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yā kāci saññā…pe… ye keci saṅkhārā atītānāgatapaccuppannā ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikā vā sukhumā vā hīnā vā paṇītā vā ye dūre santike vā, sabbe saṅkhārā netaṃ mama nesohamasmi na meso attāti; evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ netaṃ mama nesohamasmi na meso attāti; evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya daṭṭhabbaṃ.

‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, susima, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati, vedanāyapi nibbindati, saññāyapi nibbindati, saṅkhāresupi nibbindati, viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati. Nibbindaṃ virajjati, virāgā vimuccati, vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.

‘‘‘Jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇa’nti, susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘‘Bhavapaccayā jātī’ti, susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘‘Upādānapaccayā bhavo’ti, susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘‘Taṇhāpaccayā upādāna’nti, susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Vedanāpaccayā taṇhāti… phassapaccayā vedanāti… saḷāyatanapaccayā phassoti… nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatananti… viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpanti… saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇanti… avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārāti, susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘‘Jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti, susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘‘Bhavanirodhā jātinirodho’ti susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Upādānanirodhā bhavanirodhoti… taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodhoti… vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodhoti… phassanirodhā vedanānirodhoti… saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodhoti… nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodhoti… viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodhoti… saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodhoti… avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodhoti, susima, passasī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Api pana tvaṃ, susima, evaṃ jānanto evaṃ passanto anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhosi – ekopi hutvā bahudhā hosi, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hosi; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ, tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchasi, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karosi, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāno gacchasi, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamasi, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasasi parimajjasi, yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattesī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Api pana tvaṃ, susima, evaṃ jānanto evaṃ passanto dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇasi dibbe ca mānuse ca ye dūre santike cā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Api pana tvaṃ, susima, evaṃ jānanto evaṃ passanto parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāsi – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāsi…pe… vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāsī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Api pana tvaṃ, susima, evaṃ jānanto evaṃ passanto anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarasi, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Api pana tvaṃ, susima, evaṃ jānanto evaṃ passanto dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passasi cavamāne…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāsī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Api pana tvaṃ, susima, evaṃ jānanto evaṃ passanto ye te santā vimokkhā atikkamma rūpe, āruppā te kāyena phusitvā viharasī’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Ettha dāni, susima, idañca veyyākaraṇaṃ imesañca dhammānaṃ asamāpatti, idaṃ no, susima, katha’’nti?

Atha kho āyasmā susimo bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘accayo maṃ, bhante, accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yvāhaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye dhammatthenako pabbajito. Tassa me, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā’’ti.

‘‘Taggha tvaṃ, susima, accayo accagamā yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ, yo tvaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye dhammatthenako pabbajito. Seyyathāpi, susima, coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā rañño dasseyyuṃ – ‘ayaṃ te, deva, coro āgucārī, imassa yaṃ icchasi taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘gacchatha, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathiyāya rathiyaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhāmetvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa sīsaṃ chindathā’ti. Tamenaṃ rañño purisā daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathiyāya rathiyaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhāmetvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa sīsaṃ chindeyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, susima, api nu so puriso tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyethā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Yaṃ kho so, susima, puriso tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha paṭisaṃvediyetha vā, na vā paṭisaṃvediyetha (ka.). Yā evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye dhammatthenakassa pabbajjā, ayaṃ tato dukkhavipākatarā ca kaṭukavipākatarā ca, api ca vinipātāya saṃvattati. Yato ca kho tvaṃ, susima, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarosi taṃ te mayaṃ paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhi hesā, susima, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti, āyatiñca āyatiṃ (syā. kaṃ.) saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Mahāvaggo sattamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dve assutavatā vuttā, puttamaṃsena cāparaṃ;

Atthirāgo ca nagaraṃ, sammasaṃ naḷakalāpiyaṃ;

Kosambī upayanti ca, dasamo susimena cāti dasamo vutto susīmenāti (sī.).

70. Dasame garukatoti sabbehi devamanussehi pāsāṇacchattaṃ viya cittena garukato. Mānitoti manena piyāyito. Pūjitoti catupaccayapūjāya pūjito. Apacitoti nīcavuttikaraṇena apacito. Satthārañhi disvā manussā hatthikkhandhādīhi otaranti maggaṃ denti, aṃsakūṭato sāṭakaṃ apanenti, āsanato vuṭṭhahanti vandanti. Evaṃ so tehi apacito nāma hoti. Susimoti evaṃnāmako vedaṅgesu kusalo paṇḍitaparibbājako. Ehi tvanti tesaṃ kira etadahosi – ‘‘samaṇo gotamo na jātigottādīni āgamma lābhaggappatto jāto, kaviseṭṭho panesa uttamakavitāya sāvakānaṃ ganthaṃ bandhitvā deti, taṃ te uggaṇhitvā upaṭṭhākānaṃ upanisinnakathampi anumodanampi sarabhaññampīti evamādīni kathenti, te tesaṃ pasannā lābhaṃ upasaṃharanti. Sace mayaṃ yaṃ samaṇo gotamo jānāti, tato thokaṃ jāneyyāma, attano samayaṃ tattha pakkhipitvā mayampi upaṭṭhākānaṃ katheyyāma, tato etehi lābhitarā bhaveyyāma. Ko nu kho samaṇassa gotamassa santike pabbajitvā khippameva uggaṇhituṃ sakkhissatī’’ti. Te evaṃ cintetvā ‘‘susimo paṭibalo’’ti disvā taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu.

Yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkamīti kasmā upasaṅkami? Evaṃ kirassa ahosi, ‘‘kassa nu kho santikaṃ gantvā ahaṃ imaṃ dhammaṃ khippaṃ laddhuṃ sakkhissāmī’’ti? Tato cintesi – ‘‘samaṇo gotamo garu tejussado niyamamanuyutto, na sakkā akāle upasaṅkamituṃ, aññepi bahū khattiyādayo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ upasaṅkamanti, tasmimpi samaye na sakkā upasaṅkamituṃ. Sāvakesupissa sāriputto mahāpañño vipassanālakkhaṇamhi etadagge ṭhapito, mahāmoggallāno samādhilakkhaṇasmiṃ etadagge ṭhapito, mahākassapo dhutaṅgadharesu anuruddho dibbacakkhukesu, puṇṇo mantāṇiputto dhammakathikesu, upālitthero vinayadharesu etadagge ṭhapito, ayaṃ pana ānando bahussuto tipiṭakadharo, satthāpissa tattha tattha kathitaṃ dhammaṃ āharitvā katheti, pañcasu ṭhānesu etadagge ṭhapito, aṭṭhannaṃ varānaṃ lābhī, catūhi acchariyabbhutadhammehi samannāgato, tassa samīpaṃ gato khippaṃ dhammaṃ laddhuṃ sakkhissāmī’’ti. Tasmā yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami.

Yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamīti kasmā sayaṃ apabbājetvā upasaṅkami? Evaṃ kirassa ahosi – ‘‘ayaṃ titthiyasamaye pāṭiyekko ‘ahaṃ satthā’ti paṭijānanto carati, pabbajitvā sāsanassa alābhāyapi parisakkeyya. Na kho panassāhaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ ājānāmi, satthā jānissatī’’ti. Tasmā taṃ ādāya yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Tenahānanda, susimaṃ pabbājethāti satthā kira cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ paribbājako titthiyasamaye ‘ahaṃ pāṭiyekko satthā’ti paṭijānamāno carati, ‘idha maggabrahmacariyaṃ carituṃ icchāmī’ti kira vadati. Kiṃ nu kho mayi pasanno, udāhu mayhaṃ sāvakesu, udāhu mayhaṃ vā mama sāvakānaṃ vā dhammakathāya pasanno’’ti? Athassa ekaṭṭhānepi pasādābhāvaṃ ñatvā, ‘‘ayaṃ mama sāsane dhammaṃ thenessāmīti pabbajati. Itissa āgamanaṃ aparisuddhaṃ; nipphatti nu kho kīdisā’’ti? Olokento ‘‘kiñcāpi ‘dhammaṃ thenessāmī’ti pabbajati, katipāheneva pana ghaṭetvā arahattaṃ gaṇhissatī’’ti ñatvā ‘‘tenahānanda, susimaṃ pabbājethā’’ti āha.

8. Samaṇabrāhmaṇavaggo

1. Jarāmaraṇasuttaṃ

71. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā…pe… ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā jarāmaraṇaṃ pajānanti…pe… paṭipadaṃ pajānanti, te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā, te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. (Suttanto eko). Paṭhamaṃ.

2-11. Jātisuttādidasakaṃ

72. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… jātiṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(3) Bhavaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(4) Upādānaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(5) Taṇhaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(6) Vedanaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(7) Phassaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(8) Saḷāyatanaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(9) Nāmarūpaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(10) Viññāṇaṃ nappajānanti…pe….

(11) ‘‘Saṅkhāre nappajānanti, saṅkhārasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhaṃ nappajānanti, saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti…pe… saṅkhāre pajānanti…pe… sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

Samaṇabrāhmaṇavaggo aṭṭhamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Paccayekādasa vuttā, catusaccavibhajjanā;

Samaṇabrāhmaṇavaggo, nidāne bhavati aṭṭhamo.

Vagguddānaṃ –

Buddho āhāro dasabalo, kaḷāro gahapatipañcamo;

Dukkhavaggo mahāvaggo, aṭṭhamo samaṇabrāhmaṇoti.

71-72. Samaṇabrāhmaṇavagge jarāmaraṇādīsu ekekapadavasena ekekaṃ katvā ekādasa suttāni vuttāni, tāni uttānatthānevāti.

Samaṇabrāhmaṇavaggo aṭṭhamo.

71-72. Ekekaṃ suttaṃ katvā ekādasa suttāni vuttāni avijjāya vasena desanāya anāgatattā, tathānāgamanañcassā catusaccavasena ekekassa padassa uddhaṭattā. Kāmañca ‘‘āsavasamudayā avijjāsamudayo’’ti attheva aññattha suttapadaṃ, idha pana veneyyajjhāsayavasena tathā na vuttanti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Jarāmaraṇasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Samaṇabrāhmaṇavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Antarapeyyālaṃ

1. Satthusuttaṃ

73. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ jarāmaraṇe yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo; jarāmaraṇasamudayaṃ ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ jarāmaraṇasamudaye yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo; jarāmaraṇanirodhaṃ ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ jarāmaraṇanirodhe yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo; jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ jarāmaraṇanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo’’ti. (Suttanto eko). Paṭhamaṃ.

(Sabbesaṃ peyyālo evaṃ vitthāretabbo)

2-11. Dutiyasatthusuttādidasakaṃ

(2) Jātiṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(3) Bhavaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(4) Upādānaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(5) Taṇhaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(6) Vedanaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(7) Phassaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(8) Saḷāyatanaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(9) Nāmarūpaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(10) Viññāṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ…pe….

(11) ‘‘Saṅkhāre, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ saṅkhāresu yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo; saṅkhārasamudayaṃ ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ saṅkhārasamudaye yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo; saṅkhāranirodhaṃ ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ saṅkhāranirodhe yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo; saṅkhāranirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ saṅkhāranirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya satthā pariyesitabbo’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

(Sabbesaṃ catusaccikaṃ kātabbaṃ).

2-12. Sikkhāsuttādipeyyālaekādasakaṃ

(2) ‘‘Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā apassatā yathābhūtaṃ jarāmaraṇe yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāya sikkhā karaṇīyā.

(Peyyālo. Catusaccikaṃ kātabbaṃ).

(3) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… yogo karaṇīyo…pe….

(4) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… chando karaṇīyo…pe….

(5) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… ussoḷhī karaṇīyā…pe….

(6) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… appaṭivānī karaṇīyā…pe….

(7) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… ātappaṃ karaṇīyaṃ…pe….

(8) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… vīriyaṃ karaṇīyaṃ…pe….

(9) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… sātaccaṃ karaṇīyaṃ…pe….

(10) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… sati karaṇīyā…pe….

(11) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… sampajaññaṃ karaṇīyaṃ…pe….

(12) Jarāmaraṇaṃ, bhikkhave, ajānatā…pe… appamādo karaṇīyo…pe….

Antarapeyyālo navamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Satthā sikkhā ca yogo ca, chando ussoḷhipañcamī;

Appaṭivāni ātappaṃ, vīriyaṃ sātaccamuccati;

Sati ca sampajaññañca, appamādena dvādasāti.

Suttantā antarapeyyālā niṭṭhitā.

Pare te dvādasa honti, suttā dvattiṃsa satāni;

Catusaccena te vuttā, peyyālaantaramhi yeti peyyālā antaramhi yeti (sī. syā. kaṃ.).

Antarapeyyālesu uddānaṃ samattaṃ.

Nidānasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

73. Ito paraṃ ‘‘satthā pariyesitabbo’’tiādinayappavattā dvādasa antarapeyyālavaggā nāma honti. Te sabbepi tathā tathā bujjhanakānaṃ veneyyapuggalānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena vuttā. Tattha satthāti buddho vā hotu sāvako vā, yaṃ nissāya maggañāṇaṃ labhati, ayaṃ satthā nāma, so pariyesitabbo. Sikkhā karaṇīyāti tividhāpi sikkhā kātabbā. Yogādīsu yogoti payogo. Chandoti kattukamyatākusalacchando. Ussoḷhīti sabbasahaṃ adhimattavīriyaṃ. Appaṭivānīti anivattanā. Ātappanti kilesatāpanavīriyameva. Sātaccanti satatakiriyaṃ. Satīti jarāmaraṇādivasena catusaccapariggāhikā sati. Sampajaññanti tādisameva ñāṇaṃ. Appamādoti saccabhāvanāya appamādo. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti.

Antarapeyyālo navamo.

Nidānasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

73. Ayaṃ satthā nāmāti ayaṃ ariyamaggassa atthāya sāsati vimuttidhammaṃ anusāsatīti satthā nāma. Adhisīlādivasena tividhāpi sikkhā. Yogoti bhāvanānuyogo. Chandoti niyyānetā kattukamyatākusalacchando. Sabbaṃ bhāvanāya parissayaṃ sahati, sabbaṃ vāssa upakārāvahaṃ sahati vāhetīti sabbasahaṃ. Appaṭivānīti na paṭinivattatīti appaṭivānī. Antarāya sahanaṃ mohanāsanavīriyaṃ ātappati kileseti ātappaṃ. Vidhinā īretabbattā pavattetabbattā vīriyaṃ. Satataṃ pavattiyamānabhāvanānuyogakammaṃ sātaccanti āha **‘‘satatakiriya’’**nti. Tādisamevāti yādisī sati vuttā, tādisameva ñāṇaṃ, jarāmaraṇādivasena catusaccapariggāhakaṃ ñāṇanti attho.

Antarapeyyālavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Nidānasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

2. Abhisamayasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Nakhasikhāsuttaṃ

74. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yo vāyaṃ yo cāyaṃ (sabbattha) dutiyasuttādīsu pana vāsaddoyeva dissati mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ mahāpathavī. Appamattako bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuṃparamatā. Evaṃ mahatthiyo kho, bhikkhave, dhammābhisamayo; evaṃ mahatthiyo dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

74. Abhisamayasaṃyuttassa paṭhame nakhasikhāyanti maṃsaṭṭhānena vimutte nakhagge. Nakhasikhā ca nāma lokiyānaṃ mahatīpi hoti, satthu pana rattuppalapattakoṭi viya sukhumā. Kathaṃ panettha paṃsu patiṭṭhitoti? Adhiṭṭhānabalena. Bhagavatā hi atthaṃ ñāpetukāmena adhiṭṭhānabalena tattha patiṭṭhāpito. Satimaṃ kalanti mahāpathaviyā paṃsuṃ satakoṭṭhāse katvā tato ekakoṭṭhāsaṃ. Paratopi eseva nayo. Abhisametāvinoti paññāya ariyasaccāni abhisametvā ṭhitassa. Purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāyāti etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ, yadidaṃ parikkhīṇanti evaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ upanidhāya, ñāṇena taṃ tassa santike ṭhapetvā upaparikkhiyamāneti attho. Katamaṃ panettha purimadukkhaṃ nāma? Yaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ. Katamaṃ pana parikkhīṇaṃ? Yaṃ paṭhamamaggassa abhāvitattā uppajjeyya. Katamaṃ pana upanidhāya? Yaṃ sattasu attabhāvesu apāye aṭṭhamañca paṭisandhiṃ ādiṃ katvā yattha katthaci uppajjeyya, sabbaṃ taṃ parikkhīṇanti veditabbaṃ. Sattakkhattunti satta vāre, sattasu attabhāvesūti attho. Paramatāti idamassa paraṃ pamāṇanti dasseti. Mahatthiyoti mahato atthassa nipphādako. Paṭhamaṃ.

74. Sukhumāti taruṇā parittā kesaggamattabhāvato. Yathā kesā dīghaso dvaṅgulamattāya sabbasmiṃ kāle etappamāṇāva, na tacchindanaṃ, evaṃ nakhaggāpi kesaggamattāva, na tesaṃ chindanaṃ avaḍḍhanato. Paratoti ‘‘sahassimaṃ satasahassima’’nti vuttaṭṭhāne. Abhisametvāti paṭivijjhitvā, tasmā abhisametāvino paṭividdhasaccassāti attho. Kāmaṃ purimapadaṃ dukkhakkhandhassa atītabhāvaṃ upādāyapi vattuṃ yuttaṃ. Puretaraṃyeva pana vuttabhāvaṃ upādāya vuttanti dassetuṃ **‘‘purimaṃ dukkhakkhandha’’**ntiādi vuttaṃ. Purimaṃ nāma pacchimaṃ apekkhitvā. Purimapacchimatā hi taṃ taṃ upādāya vuccatīti idhādhippetaṃ purimaṃ nīharitvā dassetuṃ **‘‘katamaṃ panā’’**tiādi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Atītampi parikkhīṇa’’nti idhādhippetaṃ parikkhīṇameva vibhāvetuṃ **‘‘katamaṃ pana parikkhīṇa’’**ntiādi vuttaṃ. Sotāpannassa dukkhakkhayo idha coditoti taṃ dassetuṃ **‘‘paṭhamamaggassa abhāvitattā uppajjeyyā’’**ti vatvā idāni taṃ sarūpato dassetuṃ puna **‘‘katama’’**ntiādi vuttaṃ. Sattasu attabhāvesu yaṃ apāye uppajjeyya aṭṭhamaṃ paṭisandhiṃ ādiṃ katvā yattha katthaci apāyesu cāti yaṃ dukkhaṃ uppajjeyya, taṃ sabbaṃ parikkhīṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Assāti sotāpannassa, yaṃ parimāṇaṃ, tato uddhañca upapātaṃ atthīti adhippāyo. Mahā attho guṇo mahattho, so etassa atthīti mahatthiyo ka-kārassa ya-kāraṃ katvā. Tenāha **‘‘mahato atthassa nipphādako’’**ti.

2. Pokkharaṇīsuttaṃ

75. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pokkharaṇī paññāsayojanāni āyāmena paññāsayojanāni vitthārena paññāsayojanāni ubbedhena, puṇṇā udakassa samatittikā kākapeyyā. Tato puriso kusaggena udakaṃ uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā kusaggena udakaṃ ubbhataṃ yaṃ vā pokkharaṇiyā udaka’’nti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ pokkharaṇiyā udakaṃ. Appamattakaṃ kusaggena udakaṃ ubbhataṃ. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti pokkharaṇiyā udakaṃ upanidhāya kusaggena udakaṃ ubbhata’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāya, yadidaṃ sattakkhattuṃparamatā. Evaṃ mahatthiyo kho, bhikkhave, dhammābhisamayo; evaṃ mahatthiyo dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

75. Dutiye pokkharaṇīti vāpī. Ubbedhenāti gambhīratāya. Samatittikāti mukhavaṭṭisamā. Kākapeyyāti sakkā hoti tīre ṭhitena kākena pakatiyāpi mukhatuṇḍikaṃ otāretvā pātuṃ. Dutiyaṃ.

75. Ubbedhenāti avavedhena adhodisatāya. Tenāha **‘‘gambhīratāyā’’**ti.

Pokkharaṇīsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Sambhejjaudakasuttaṃ

76. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yatthimā mahānadiyo saṃsandanti samenti, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā yamunā aciravatī sarabhū mahī, tato puriso dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yāni vā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni yaṃ vā sambhejjaudaka’’nti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ sambhejjaudakaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti sambhejjaudakaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave…pe… dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Dutiyasambhejjaudakasuttaṃ

77. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yatthimā mahānadiyo saṃsandanti samenti, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā yamunā aciravatī sarabhū mahī, taṃ udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya ṭhapetvā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā sambhejjaudakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ yāni vā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ sambhejjaudakaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhāni. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti sambhejjaudakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave…pe… dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

76-77. Tatiye yatthimāti yasmiṃ sambhijjaṭṭhāne imā. Saṃsandantīti samāgantvā sandanti. Samentīti samāgacchanti. Dve vā ti vāti dve vā tīṇi vā. Udakaphusitānīti udakabindūni. Saṃbhejjaudakanti aññāhi nadīhi saddhiṃ sambhinnaṭṭhāne udakaṃ. Catutthaṃ uttānatthameva. Tatiyacatutthāni.

76-77. Sambhijjaṭṭhāneti sambhijjasamodhānagataṭṭhāne. Samenti sametā honti. Tenāha **‘‘samāgacchantī’’**ti. Pāḷiyaṃ vibhattilopena niddesoti tamatthaṃ dassento **‘‘tīṇi vā’’**ti āha. Sambhijjati missībhāvaṃ gacchati etthāti sambhejjaṃ, missitaṭṭhānaṃ. Tattha udakaṃ sambhejjaudakaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘sambhinnaṭṭhāne udaka’’**nti.

Saṃbhejjaudakasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Pathavīsuttaṃ

78. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso mahāpathaviyā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yā vā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā ayaṃ yā (syā. ka.) vā mahāpathavī’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ mahāpathavī; appamattikā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave…pe… dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dutiyapathavīsuttaṃ

79. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāpathavī parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā mahāpathaviyā parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ yā vā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva bhante, bahutaraṃ, mahāpathaviyā, yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ; appamattikā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti mahāpathaviyā parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāya satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave…pe… dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Samuddasuttaṃ

80. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso mahāsamuddato dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yāni vā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni yaṃ vā mahāsamudde udaka’’nti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ mahāsamudde udakaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti mahāsamudde udakaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave…pe… dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Dutiyasamuddasuttaṃ

81. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamuddo parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ yāni vā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ mahāsamudde udakaṃ, yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhāni. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho bhikkhave…pe… dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Pabbatasuttaṃ

82. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso himavato pabbatarājassa satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yā vā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā yo vā himavā upanikkhittā, himavā vā (sī.) pabbatarājā’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ himavā pabbatarājā; appamattikā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho…pe… dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Dutiyapabbatasuttaṃ

83. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, himavā pabbatarājā parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā himavato pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ yā vā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ himavato pabbatarājassa yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ; appamattikā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti himavato pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāya satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti.

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādiṇṇaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuṃparamatā. Evaṃ mahatthiyo kho, bhikkhave, dhammābhisamayo, evaṃ mahatthiyo dhammacakkhupaṭilābho’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

11. Tatiyapabbatasuttaṃ

84. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sinerussa pabbatarājassa satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yā vā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā yo vā sineru upanikkhittā, sineru vā (sī.) pabbatarājā’’ti?

‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ sineru pabbatarājā; appamattikā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā. Neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upenti sineruṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa adhigamaṃ upanidhāya aññatitthiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇaparibbājakānaṃ adhigamo neva satimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na sahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti na satasahassimaṃ kalaṃ upeti. Evaṃ mahādhigamo, bhikkhave, diṭṭhisampanno puggalo, evaṃ mahābhiñño’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

Abhisamayasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Nakhasikhā pokkharaṇī, sambhejjaudake ca dve;

Dve pathavī dve samuddā, tayo ca pabbatūpamāti.

78-84. Pañcame mahāpathaviyāti cakkavāḷabbhantarāya mahāpathaviyā uddharitvā. Kolaṭṭhimattiyoti padaraṭṭhipamāṇā. Guḷikāti mattikaguḷikā. Upanikkhipeyyāti ekasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhapeyya. Chaṭṭhādīsu vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Pariyosāne pana aññatitthiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇaparibbājakānaṃ adhigamoti bāhirakānaṃ sabbopi guṇādhigamo paṭhamamaggena adhigataguṇānaṃ satabhāgampi sahassabhāgampi satasahassabhāgampi na upagacchatīti. Pañcamādīni.

Abhisamayasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

78-84. Cakkavāḷabbhantarāyāti cakkavāḷapabbatassa antogadhāya.

Chaṭṭhādīsu vuttanayenevāti idha chaṭṭhasuttādīsu paṭhamasuttādīsu vuttanayenevāti attho veditabbo visesābhāvato.

Pariyosāneti imassa abhisamayasaṃyuttassa osānaṭṭhāne. Aññatitthiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇaparibbājakānanti aññatitthiyānaṃ. Guṇādhigamoti jhānābhiññāsahito guṇādhigamo. Satabhāgampi…pe… na upagacchati saccapaṭivedhassa mahānubhāvattā. Tenāha bhagavā paccakkhasabbadhammo ‘‘evaṃ mahādhigamo, bhikkhave, diṭṭhisampanno puggalo evaṃ mahābhiñño’’ti.

Pathavīsuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Abhisamayasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

3. Dhātusaṃyuttaṃ

1. Nānattavaggo

1. Dhātunānattasuttaṃ

85. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātu rūpadhātu cakkhuviññāṇadhātu, sotadhātu saddadhātu sotaviññāṇadhātu, ghānadhātu gandhadhātu ghānaviññāṇadhātu, jivhādhātu rasadhātu jivhāviññāṇadhātu, kāyadhātu phoṭṭhabbadhātu kāyaviññāṇadhātu, manodhātu dhammadhātu manoviññāṇadhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānatta’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

85. Dhātusaṃyuttassa paṭhame nissattaṭṭhasuññataṭṭhasaṅkhātena sabhāvaṭṭhena dhātūti laddhanāmānaṃ dhammānaṃ nānāsabhāvo dhātunānattaṃ. Cakkhudhātūtiādīsu cakkhupasādo cakkhudhātu, rūpārammaṇaṃ rūpadhātu, cakkhupasādavatthukaṃ cittaṃ cakkhuviññāṇadhātu. Sotapasādo sotadhātu, saddārammaṇaṃ saddadhātu, sotapasādavatthukaṃ cittaṃ sotaviññāṇadhātu. Ghānapasādo ghānadhātu, gandhārammaṇaṃ gandhadhātu, ghānapasādavatthukaṃ cittaṃ ghānaviññāṇadhātu. Jivhāpasādo jivhādhātu, rasārammaṇaṃ rasadhātu, jivhāpasādavatthukaṃ cittaṃ jivhāviññāṇadhātu. Kāyapasādo kāyadhātu, phoṭṭhabbārammaṇaṃ phoṭṭhabbadhātu, kāyapasādavatthukaṃ cittaṃ kāyaviññāṇadhātu. Tisso manodhātuyo manodhātu, vedanādayo tayo khandhā sukhumarūpāni nibbānañca dhammadhātu, sabbampi manoviññāṇaṃ manoviññāṇadhātūti. Ettha ca soḷasa dhātuyo kāmāvacarā, avasāne dve catubhūmikāti. Paṭhamaṃ.

85. Paṭhamanti imasmiṃ nidānavagge saṃyuttānaṃ paṭhamaṃ saṃgītattā. Nissattaṭṭhasuññataṭṭhasaṅkhātenāti dhammamattatāya nissattatāsaṅkhātena niccasubhasukhaattasuññatatthasaṅkhātena. Sabhāvaṭṭhenāti yathābhūtasabhāvaṭṭhena. Tato eva sabhāvassa dhāraṇaṭṭhena dhātūti laddhanāmānaṃ. Nānāsabhāvo aññamaññavisadisatā dhātunānattaṃ. Cakkhusaṅkhāto pasādo cakkhupasādo. So eva cakkhanaṭṭhena cakkhu, nissattasuññataṭṭhena dhātu cāti cakkhudhātu. Cakkhupasādavatthuṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā pavattaṃ cakkhupasādavatthukaṃ. Sesapadesupi eseva nayo. Dve sampaṭicchanamanodhātuyo, ekā kiriyā manodhātūti tisso manodhātuyo manodhātu ‘‘mananamattā dhātū’’ti katvā. Vedanādayo…pe… nibbānañca dhammadhātu visesasaññāparihārena sāmaññasaññāya pavattanato. Tathā hete dhammā āyatanadesanāya ‘‘dhammāyatana’’nteva desitā. Na hi nesaṃ rūpāyatanādīnaṃ viya viññāṇehi aññaviññāṇena gahetabbatākāro atthi. Sabbampīti chasattatividhaṃ manoviññāṇaṃ. Kāmāvacarā kāmadhātupariyāpannattā. Avasāne dveti dhammadhātumanoviññāṇadhātuyo. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana visuddhimagge taṃsaṃvaṇṇanāsu daṭṭhabbo.

Dhātunānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Phassanānattasuttaṃ

86. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātu sotadhātu ghānadhātu jivhādhātu kāyadhātu manodhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphasso. Sotadhātuṃ paṭicca… ghānadhātuṃ paṭicca … jivhādhātuṃ paṭicca… kāyadhātuṃ paṭicca… manodhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati manosamphasso. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānatta’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

86. Dutiye uppajjati phassanānattanti nānāsabhāvo phasso uppajjati. Tattha cakkhusamphassādayo cakkhuviññāṇādisampayuttā, manosamphasso manodvāre paṭhamajavanasampayutto, tasmā. Manodhātuṃ paṭiccāti manodvārāvajjanaṃ kiriyāmanoviññāṇadhātuṃ paṭicca paṭhamajavanasamphasso uppajjatīti ayamettha attho. Dutiyaṃ.

86. Jātipasutiārammaṇādibhedena nānābhāvo phasso. Jātipaccayabhedena hi paccayuppannassa bhedo hotiyeva. Dhammaparicchedavasena dhātudesanāyaṃ tisso mananamattā dhātuyova manodhātuyo. Kiriyāmayassa cittuppattivibhāgena paccayuppannassa vasena dhātudesanāyaṃ mananaṭṭhena dhātutāya sāmaññato manodvārāvajjanaṃ ‘‘manodhātū’’ti adhippetanti vuttaṃ **‘‘manosamphasso manodvāre paṭhamajavanasampayutto’’**tiādi. Tasmāti yasmā kāmaṃ sampaṭicchanamanodhātuanantaraṃ uppajjamāno santīraṇaviññāṇadhātuyā sampayutto phassopi manosamphasso eva nāma, dubbalattā pana so sabbabhavesu asambhavato ca gahito anavasesato gahaṇaṃ na hotīti manodvāre javanasamphasso hoti, tasmā. Ayamettha atthoti ayaṃ idha adhippāyānugato attho.

Phassanānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Nophassanānattasuttaṃ

87. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, no phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātu…pe… manodhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, no phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphasso, no cakkhusamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati cakkhudhātu…pe… manodhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati manosamphasso, no manosamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati manodhātu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, no phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānatta’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

87. Tatiye no manosamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati manodhātūti manodvāre paṭhamajavanasampayuttaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca āvajjanakiriyāmanoviññāṇadhātu no uppajjatīti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Tatiyaṃ.

87. Manosamphassaṃ paṭiccāti manodvāre paṭhamajavanasampayutto phasso manosamphasso, taṃ manosamphassaṃ paṭicca. Manodhātūti āvajjanakiriyamanodhātu. Manoviññāṇadhātu manodhātūti veneyyajjhāsayavasena vuttaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘manodvāre…pe… evamattho daṭṭhabbo’’**ti. Tathā hi vakkhati ‘‘sabbāni cetānī’’tiādi.

Nophassanānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Vedanānānattasuttaṃ

88. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātu …pe… manodhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphasso, cakkhusamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphassajā vedanā…pe… manodhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati manosamphasso, manosamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati manosamphassajā vedanā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānatta’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

88. Catutthe cakkhusamphassajā vedanāti sampaṭicchanamanodhātuto paṭṭhāya sabbāpi tasmiṃ dvāre vedanā vatteyyuṃ, nibbattiphāsukatthaṃ pana anantaraṃ sampaṭicchanavedanameva gahetuṃ vaṭṭatīti vuttaṃ. Manosamphassaṃ paṭiccāti manodvāre āvajjanasamphassaṃ paṭicca paṭhamajavanavedanā, paṭhamajavanasamphassaṃ paṭicca dutiyajavanavedanāti ayamadhippāyo. Catutthaṃ.

88. Sabbāpi tasmiṃ dvāre vedanā vatteyyuṃ cakkhusamphassavedanā upanissayapaccayabhāvitā. Nibbattiphāsukatthanti nibbattiyā upanissayabhāvena pavattiyā dassanasukhatthaṃ. Sampaṭicchanavedanameva gahetuṃ vaṭṭati, tāya gahitāya itarāsaṃ gahaṇaṃ ñāyāgatamevāti. Vuttaṃ porāṇaṭṭhakathāyaṃ. Āvajjanasamphassanti āvajjanamanosamphassaṃ. Anantarūpanissayabhūtaṃ paṭicca paṭhamajavanavasena uppajjatīti yojanā. Ayamadhippāyo upanissayassa adhippetattā.

Vedanānānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Dutiyavedanānānattasuttaṃ

89. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ, no vedanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, no phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātu…pe… manodhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ, no vedanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, no phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ? Cakkhudhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphasso, cakkhusamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphassajā vedanā, no cakkhusamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphasso, no cakkhusamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati cakkhudhātu…pe… manodhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati manosamphasso, manosamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati manosamphassajā vedanā, no manosamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati manosamphasso, no manosamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati manodhātu. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ, no vedanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, no phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānatta’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.

89. Pañcame tatiyacatutthesu vuttanayāva ekato katvā desitāti. Iti dutiyādīsu catūsu suttesu manodhātuṃ manodhātūti agahetvā manodvārāvajjanaṃ manodhātūti gahitaṃ. Sabbāni cetāni tathā tathā kathite bujjhanakānaṃ ajjhāsayena desitāni. Ito paresupi eseva nayo. Pañcamaṃ.

89. Tatiyacatutthesu vuttanayāvāti ‘‘no cakkhusamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati cakkhudhātū’’ti evaṃ vuttanayo, catutthe ‘‘cakkhudhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati cakkhusamphasso’’tiādinā vuttanayo ca. Ekato katvāti ekajjhaṃ katvā desitā. Kasmā pana tesu suttesu evaṃ desanā pavattāti āha **‘‘sabbāni cetānī’’**tiādi. Paṭisedho pana tesaṃ vedanānānattādīnaṃ phassanānattādikassa paccayabhāvato tathāuppattiyā asambhavato. Ito paresūti ‘‘no pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānatta’’ntiādīsu.

Dutiyavedanānānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Bāhiradhātunānattasuttaṃ

90. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, desessāmi. Taṃ suṇātha…pe… katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Rūpadhātu saddadhātu gandhadhātu rasadhātu phoṭṭhabbadhātu dhammadhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānatta’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

90. Chaṭṭhe pana pañca dhātuyo kāmāvacarā, dhammadhātu catubhūmikāti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

90. Pañca dhātuyo kāmāvacarā rūpasabhāvattā.

Bāhiradhātunānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Saññānānattasuttaṃ

91. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Rūpadhātu…pe… dhammadhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ?

‘‘Rūpadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati rūpasaññā, rūpasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpasaṅkappo, rūpasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpacchando, rūpacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpapariḷāho, rūpapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpapariyesanā…pe… dhammadhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaññā, dhammasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaṅkappo, dhammasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammacchando, dhammacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariḷāho, dhammapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariyesanā.

‘‘Evaṃ, kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānatta’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

91. Sattame rūpadhātūti āpāthe patitaṃ attano vā parassa vā sāṭakaveṭhanādivatthukaṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ. Rūpasaññāti cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttā saññā. Rūpasaṅkappoti sampaṭicchanādīhi tīhi cittehi sampayutto saṅkappo. Rūpacchandoti rūpe chandikataṭṭhena chando. Rūpapariḷāhoti rūpe anuḍahanaṭṭhena pariḷāho. Rūpapariyesanāti pariḷāhe uppanne sandiṭṭhasambhatte gahetvā tassa rūpassa paṭilābhatthāya pariyesanā. Ettha ca saññāsaṅkappachandā ekajavanavārepi nānājavanavārepi labbhanti, pariḷāhapariyesanā pana nānājavanavāreyeva labbhantīti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattanti ettha ca evaṃ rūpādinānāsabhāvaṃ dhātuṃ paṭicca rūpasaññādinānāsabhāvasaññā uppajjatīti iminā nayena attho veditabbo. Sattamaṃ.

91. Āpāthe patitanti cakkhussa āpāthagataṃ sāṭakaveṭhanādisaññitaṃ bhūtasaṅghātaṃ sammā nissitaṃ. Cakkhudvāre sampaṭicchanādisampayuttasaññānaṃ saṅkappagatikattā, cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttasaññāgahaṇeneva vā gahetabbato **‘‘rūpasaññāti cakkhuviññāṇasampayuttā saññā’’**ti vuttaṃ tattha saññāya eva labbhanato. Eteneva hi taṃsampayutto saṅkappoti idampi saṃvaṇṇitanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘saññāsaṅkappachandā ekajavanavārepi nānājavanavārepi labbhantī’’**ti. Javanasampayuttassa vitakkassa chandagatikattā vuttaṃ **‘‘tīhi cittehi sampayutto saṅkappo’’**ti. Chandikataṭṭhenāti chandakaraṇaṭṭhena, icchitaṭṭhenāti attho. Anuḍahanaṭṭhenāti pariḍahanaṭṭhena. Sannissayaḍāharasā hi rāgaggiādayo ‘‘rūpe’’ti pana tassa ārammaṇadassanametaṃ. Pariḷāhoti pariḷāhasīsena apekkhaṃ vadati. Tenāha **‘‘pariḷāhe uppanne’’**tiādi. ‘‘Pariḷāho’’ti daḷhajjhosānā balavākārappattā vuttāti āha **‘‘pariḷāhapariyesanā pana nānājavanavāreyeva labbhantī’’**ti. Tāsaṃ laddhūpanissayabhāvatoti dasseti. Iminā nayenāti ‘‘uppajjati saññānānatta’’nti ettha vuttanayena attho veditabbo. ‘‘Rūpasaññādinānāsabhāvaṃ saññaṃ paṭicca kāmasaṅkappādinānāsabhāvo saṅkappo uppajjatī’’tiādinā nayena veditabbo.

Saññānānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Nopariyesanānānattasuttaṃ

92. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ; no pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, no pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, no chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, no saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, no saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Rūpadhātu…pe… dhammadhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… pariyesanānānattaṃ; no pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, no pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, no chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, no saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, no saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ?

‘‘Rūpadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati rūpasaññā…pe… dhammadhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaññā, dhammasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… dhammapariyesanā; no dhammapariyesanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariḷāho, no dhammapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammacchando, no dhammacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaṅkappo, no dhammasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaññā, no dhammasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammadhātu.

‘‘Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… pariyesanānānattaṃ; no pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, no pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, no chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, no saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, no saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānatta’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

92. Aṭṭhame no dhammapariyesanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariḷāhoti evaṃ āgataṃ paṭisedhamattameva nānaṃ. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

92. Paṭisedhamattameva nānaṃ, sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayamevāti adhippāyo.

Nopariyesanānānattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Bāhiraphassanānattasuttaṃ

93. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ, vedanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ, pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati lābhanānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Rūpadhātu…pe… dhammadhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… lābhanānattaṃ?

‘‘Rūpadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati rūpasaññā, rūpasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpasaṅkappo, rūpasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpasamphasso, rūpasamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpasamphassajā vedanā, rūpasamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpacchando, rūpacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpapariḷāho, rūpapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpapariyesanā, rūpapariyesanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati rūpalābho…pe… dhammadhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaññā, dhammasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaṅkappo, dhammasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasamphasso, dhammasamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasamphassajā vedanā, dhammasamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammacchando, dhammacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariḷāho, dhammapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariyesanā, dhammapariyesanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammalābho.

‘‘Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… pariyesanānānattaṃ, pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati lābhanānatta’’nti. Navamaṃ.

93. Vuttappakāre ārammaṇeti ‘‘āpāthe patita’’ntiādinā heṭṭhā vuttappakāre rūpārammaṇe. Saññāti rūpasaññāva. Arūpadhammopi samāno yasmiṃ ārammaṇe pavattati, taṃ phusanto viya hotīti vuttaṃ **‘‘ārammaṇaṃ phusamāno’’**ti. Taṇhāya vatthubhūtaṃyeva rūpārammaṇaṃ labbhatīti katvā ‘‘rūpalābho’’ti adhippetanti āha **‘‘saha taṇhāya ārammaṇaṃ rūpalābho’’**ti. Sabbasaṅgāhikanayoti ekasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe sabbesaṃ saññādīnaṃ dhammānaṃ uppattiyā sabbasaṅgaṇhanavasena dassitanayo. Tenāha **‘‘ekasmiṃyevā’’**tiādi. Sabbasaṅgāhikanayoti vā dhuvaparibhogavasena nibaddhārammaṇanti vā āgantukārammaṇanti vā vibhāgaṃ akatvā sabbasaṅgāhikanayo. Aparo nayo. Missakoti āgantukārammaṇe nibaddhārammaṇe ca visayato nibaddhārammaṇena missako. Nibaddhārammaṇe sattānaṃ kileso mando hoti. Tathā hi saññāsaṅkappaphassavedanāva dassitā. Yaṃ kiñci viyāti yaṃ kiñci aññamaññaṃ viya. Khobhetvāti kutūhaluppādanavasena cittaṃ khobhetvā.

Upāsikāti tassa amaccaputtassa bhariyaṃ sandhāyāha. Tasminti āgantukārammaṇe. Lābho nāma ‘‘labbhatī’’ti katvā.

Uruvalliyavāsīti uruvalliyaleṇavāsī, uruvalliyavihāravāsīti vadanti. Pāḷiyāti ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjatī’’tiādinayapavattāya imissā suttapāḷiyā. Parivaṭṭetvāti majjhe gahitaphassavedanāpariyosāne ṭhapanavasena pāḷiṃ parivaṭṭetvā. Vuttappakāretiādi parivattetabbākāradassanaṃ. Tattha vuttappakāreti āpāthagatarūpārammaṇe. Avibhūtavāranti avibhūtārammaṇavāraṃ. Ayameva vā pāṭho. Gaṇhanti kathenti. Ekajavanavārepi labbhanti cirataranivesābhāvā. Nānājavanavāreyeva daḷhataranivesatāya.

10. Dutiyabāhiraphassanānattasuttaṃ

94. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātunānattaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, phassa… vedanā… chanda… pariḷāha… pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati lābhanānattaṃ; no lābhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ, no pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, no pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… chanda… vedanā… phassa… saṅkappa… saññānānattaṃ, no saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ? Rūpadhātu…pe… dhammadhātu – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ? Phassa… vedanā… chanda… pariḷāha… pariyesanā… lābha… no lābhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ, no pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāha… chanda… vedanā… phassa… no saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, no saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānattaṃ?

‘‘Rūpadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati rūpasaññā…pe… dhammadhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaññā, dhammasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… dhammapariyesanā, dhammapariyesanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammalābho; no dhammalābhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariyesanā, no dhammapariyesanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammapariḷāho, no dhammapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammacchando, no dhammacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasamphassajā vedanā, no dhammasamphassajaṃ vedanaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasamphasso, no dhammasamphassaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaṅkappo, no dhammasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammasaññā, no dhammasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhammadhātu.

‘‘Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, dhātunānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati…pe… saṅkappa… phassa… vedanā… chanda… pariḷāha… pariyesanā… lābha… no lābhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariyesanānānattaṃ, no pariyesanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati pariḷāhanānattaṃ, no pariḷāhanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati chandanānattaṃ, no chandanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vedanānānattaṃ, no vedanānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati phassanānattaṃ, no phassanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saṅkappanānattaṃ, no saṅkappanānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati saññānānattaṃ, no saññānānattaṃ paṭicca uppajjati dhātunānatta’’nti. Dasamaṃ.

Nānattavaggo paṭhamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dhātuphassañca no cetaṃ, vedanā apare duve;

Etaṃ ajjhattapañcakaṃ, dhātusaññañca no cetaṃ;

Phassassa apare duve, etaṃ bāhirapañcakanti.

93-94. Navame uppajjati rūpasaññāti vuttappakāre ārammaṇe uppajjati saññā. Rūpasaṅkappoti tasmiṃyeva ārammaṇe tīhi cittehi sampayuttasaṅkappo. Rūpasamphassoti tadevārammaṇaṃ phusamāno phasso. Vedanāti tadeva ārammaṇaṃ anubhavamānā vedanā. Chandādayo vuttanayāva. Rūpalābhoti pariyesitvā laddhaṃ saha taṇhāya ārammaṇaṃ ‘‘rūpalābho’’ti vuttaṃ. Ayaṃ tāva sabbasaṅgāhikanayo ekasmiṃ yevārammaṇe sabbadhammānaṃ uppattivasena vutto. Aparo āgantukārammaṇamissako hoti – rūpasaññā rūpasaṅkappo phasso vedanāti ime tāva cattāro dhammā dhuvaparibhoge nibaddhārammaṇe honti. Nibaddhārammaṇañhi iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ piyaṃ yaṃkiñci viya upaṭṭhāti, āgantukārammaṇaṃ pana yaṃkiñci samānampi khobhetvā tiṭṭhati.

Tatridaṃ vatthu – eko kira amaccaputto gāmiyehi parivārito gāmamajjhe ṭhatvā kammaṃ karoti. Tasmiñcassa samaye upāsikā nadiṃ gantvā nhatvā alaṅkatapaṭiyattā dhātigaṇaparivutā gehaṃ gacchati. So dūrato disvā ‘‘āgantukamātugāmo bhavissatī’’ti saññaṃ uppādetvā ‘‘gaccha, bhaṇe jānāhi, kā esā’’ti purisaṃ pesesi. So gantvā taṃ disvā paccāgato, ‘‘kā esā’’ti puṭṭho yathāsabhāvaṃ ārocesi. Evaṃ āgantukārammaṇaṃ khobheti. Tasmiṃ uppanno chando rūpachando nāma, tadeva ārammaṇaṃ katvā uppanno pariḷāho rūpapariḷāho nāma, sahāye gaṇhitvā tassa pariyesanaṃ rūpapariyesanā nāma, pariyesitvā laddhaṃ saha taṇhāya ārammaṇaṃ rūpalābho nāma.

Uruvalliyavāsī cūḷatissatthero panāha – ‘‘kiñcāpi bhagavatā phassavedanā pāḷiyā majjhe gahitā, pāḷiṃ pana parivaṭṭetvā vuttappakāre ārammaṇe uppannā saññā rūpasaññā, tasmiṃyeva saṅkappo rūpasaṅkappo tasmiṃ chando rūpacchando, tasmiṃ pariḷāho rūpapariḷāho, tasmiṃ pariyesanā rūpapariyesanā, pariyesitvā laddhaṃ saha taṇhāya ārammaṇaṃ rūpalābho. Evaṃ laddhārammaṇe pana phusanaṃ phasso, anubhavanaṃ vedanā. Rūpasamphasso rūpasamphassajā vedanāti idaṃ dvayaṃ labbhatī’’ti. Aparampi avibhūtavāraṃ nāma gaṇhanti. Ārammaṇañhi sāṇipākārehi vā parikkhittaṃ tiṇapaṇṇādīhi vā paṭicchannaṃ hoti, taṃ ‘‘upaḍḍhaṃ diṭṭhaṃ me ārammaṇaṃ, suṭṭhu naṃ passissāmī’’ti olokayato tasmiṃ ārammaṇe uppannā saññā rūpasaññā nāma. Tasmiṃyeva uppannā saṅkappādayo rūpasaṅkappādayo nāmāti veditabbā. Etthāpi ca saññāsaṅkappaphassavedanāchandā ekajavanavārepi nānājavanavārepi labbhanti, pariḷāhapariyesanālābhā nānājavanavāreyevāti. Dasamaṃ uttānamevāti. Navamadasamāni.

Nānattavaggo paṭhamo.

2. Dutiyavaggo

1. Sattadhātusuttaṃ

95. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘sattimā, bhikkhave, dhātuyo. Katamā satta? Ābhādhātu, subhadhātu, ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu, viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu, ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu, saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu – imā kho, bhikkhave, satta dhātuyo’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yā cāyaṃ, bhante, ābhādhātu yā ca subhadhātu yā ca ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu yā ca viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu yā ca ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu yā ca nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu yā ca saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu – imā nu kho, bhante, dhātuyo kiṃ paṭicca paññāyantī’’ti?

‘‘Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, ābhādhātu – ayaṃ dhātu andhakāraṃ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, subhadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu asubhaṃ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu rūpaṃ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ paṭicca paññāyati. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu nirodhaṃ paṭicca paññāyatī’’ti.

‘‘Yā cāyaṃ, bhante, ābhādhātu yā ca subhadhātu yā ca ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu yā ca viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu yā ca ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu yā ca nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu yā ca saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu – imā nu kho, bhante, dhātuyo kathaṃ samāpatti pattabbā’’ti?

‘‘Yā cāyaṃ, bhikkhu, ābhādhātu yā ca subhadhātu yā ca ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu yā ca viññāṇañcāyatanadhātu yā ca ākiñcaññāyatanadhātu – imā dhātuyo saññāsamāpatti pattabbā. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu saṅkhārāvasesasamāpatti pattabbā. Yāyaṃ, bhikkhu, saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu – ayaṃ dhātu nirodhasamāpatti pattabbā’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

95. Dutiyavaggassa paṭhame ābhādhātūti ālokadhātu. Ālokassapi ālokakasiṇe parikammaṃ katvā uppannajjhānassāpīti sahārammaṇassa jhānassa etaṃ nāmaṃ. Subhadhātūti subhakasiṇe uppannajjhānavasena sahārammaṇajjhānameva. Ākāsānañcāyatanameva ākāsānañcāyatanadhātu. Saññāvedayitanirodhova saññāvedayitanirodhadhātu. Iti bhagavā anusandhikusalassa bhikkhuno tattha nisīditvā pañhaṃ pucchitukāmassa okāsaṃ dento desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi.

Andhakāraṃ paṭiccāti andhakāro hi ālokena paricchinno, ālokopi andhakārena. Andhakārena hi so pākaṭo hoti. Tasmā ‘‘andhakāraṃ paṭicca paññāyatī’’ti āha. Asubhaṃ paṭiccāti etthāpi eseva nayo. Asubhañhi subhena, subhañca asubhena paricchinnaṃ, asubhe sati subhaṃ paññāyati, tasmā evamāha. Rūpaṃ paṭiccāti rūpāvacarasamāpattiṃ paṭicca. Rūpāvacarasamāpattiyā hi sati ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti nāma hoti rūpasamatikkamo vā, tasmā evamāha. Viññāṇañcāyatanadhātuādīsupi eseva nayo. Nirodhaṃ paṭiccāti catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ paṭisaṅkhāappavattiṃ paṭicca. Khandhanirodhañhi paṭicca nirodhasamāpatti nāma paññāyati, na khandhapavattiṃ, tasmā evamāha. Ettha ca catunnaṃ khandhānaṃ nirodhova nirodhasamāpattīti veditabbo.

Kathaṃ samāpatti pattabbāti kathaṃ samāpattiyo kīdisā samāpattiyo nāma hutvā pattabbāti? Saññāsamāpatti pattabbāti saññāya atthibhāvena saññāsamāpattiyo saññāsamāpattiyo nāma hutvā pattabbā. Saṅkhārāvasesasamāpatti pattabbāti sukhumasaṅkhārānaṃ avasiṭṭhatāya saṅkhārāvasesasamāpatti nāma hutvā pattabbā. Nirodhasamāpatti pattabbāti nirodhova nirodhasamāpatti nirodhasamāpatti nāma hutvā pattabbāti attho. Paṭhamaṃ.

95. Ābhātīti ābhā, ālokabhāvena nipphajjati, upaṭṭhātīti vā attho. So eva nijjīvaṭṭhena dhātūti ābhādhātu. Ālokassāti ālokakasiṇassa. Suṭṭhu, sobhanaṃ vā bhātīti subhaṃ. Kasiṇasahacaraṇato jhānaṃ subhaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Suparisuddhavaṇṇaṃ kasiṇaṃ. Ākāsānañcādayopi subhārammaṇaṃ evāti keci. Desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesīti desanaṃ uddesamatte eva ṭhapesi. Pāḷiyaṃ ‘‘andhakāraṃ paṭicca paññāyatī’’ti etthāpi ārammaṇameva gahitaṃ, tathā ‘‘ayaṃ dhātu asubhaṃ paṭicca paññāyatī’’ti etthāpi. Yathā hi idha suvaṇṇaṃ kasiṇaṃ subhanti adhippetaṃ, evaṃ dubbaṇṇaṃ asubhanti.

2. Sanidānasuttaṃ

96. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘sanidānaṃ, bhikkhave, uppajjati kāmavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati byāpādavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati vihiṃsāvitakko, no anidānaṃ’’.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sanidānaṃ uppajjati kāmavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati byāpādavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati vihiṃsāvitakko, no anidānaṃ? Kāmadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati kāmasaññā, kāmasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati kāmasaṅkappo, kāmasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati kāmacchando, kāmacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati kāmapariḷāho, kāmapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati kāmapariyesanā. Kāmapariyesanaṃ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno assutavā puthujjano tīhi ṭhānehi micchā paṭipajjati – kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

‘‘Byāpādadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati byāpādasaññā, byāpādasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati byāpādasaṅkappo…pe… byāpādacchando… byāpādapariḷāho… byāpādapariyesanā… byāpādapariyesanaṃ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno assutavā puthujjano tīhi ṭhānehi micchā paṭipajjati – kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

‘‘Vihiṃsādhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati vihiṃsāsaññā; vihiṃsāsaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati vihiṃsāsaṅkappo…pe… vihiṃsāchando… vihiṃsāpariḷāho… vihiṃsāpariyesanā… vihiṃsāpariyesanaṃ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno assutavā puthujjano tīhi ṭhānehi micchā paṭipajjati – kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso ādittaṃ tiṇukkaṃ sukkhe tiṇadāye nikkhipeyya; no ce hatthehi ca pādehi ca khippameva nibbāpeyya. Evañhi, bhikkhave, ye tiṇakaṭṭhanissitā pāṇā te anayabyasanaṃ āpajjeyyuṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo hi koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā uppannaṃ visamagataṃ saññaṃ na khippameva pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti, so diṭṭhe ceva dhamme dukkhaṃ viharati savighātaṃ saupāyāsaṃ sapariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā.

‘‘Sanidānaṃ, bhikkhave, uppajjati nekkhammavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati abyāpādavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati avihiṃsāvitakko, no anidānaṃ.

‘‘Kathañca, bhikkhave, sanidānaṃ uppajjati nekkhammavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati abyāpādavitakko, no anidānaṃ; sanidānaṃ uppajjati avihiṃsāvitakko, no anidānaṃ? Nekkhammadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammasaññā, nekkhammasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammasaṅkappo, nekkhammasaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammacchando, nekkhammacchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammapariḷāho, nekkhammapariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati nekkhammapariyesanā; nekkhammapariyesanaṃ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno sutavā ariyasāvako tīhi ṭhānehi sammā paṭipajjati – kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

‘‘Abyāpādadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati abyāpādasaññā, abyāpādasaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati abyāpādasaṅkappo…pe… abyāpādacchando… abyāpādapariḷāho… abyāpādapariyesanā, abyāpādapariyesanaṃ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno sutavā ariyasāvako tīhi ṭhānehi sammā paṭipajjati – kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

‘‘Avihiṃsādhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati avihiṃsāsaññā, avihiṃsāsaññaṃ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṃsāsaṅkappo, avihiṃsāsaṅkappaṃ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṃsāchando, avihiṃsāchandaṃ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṃsāpariḷāho, avihiṃsāpariḷāhaṃ paṭicca uppajjati avihiṃsāpariyesanā; avihiṃsāpariyesanaṃ, bhikkhave, pariyesamāno sutavā ariyasāvako tīhi ṭhānehi sammā paṭipajjati – kāyena, vācāya, manasā.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso ādittaṃ tiṇukkaṃ sukkhe tiṇadāye nikkhipeyya; tamenaṃ hatthehi ca pādehi ca khippameva nibbāpeyya. Evañhi, bhikkhave, ye tiṇakaṭṭhanissitā pāṇā te na anayabyasanaṃ āpajjeyyuṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo hi koci samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā uppannaṃ visamagataṃ saññaṃ khippameva pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti, so diṭṭhe ceva dhamme sukhaṃ viharati avighātaṃ anupāyāsaṃ apariḷāhaṃ; kāyassa ca bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugati pāṭikaṅkhā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

96. Dutiye sanidānanti bhāvanapuṃsakametaṃ, sanidāno sapaccayo hutvā uppajjatīti attho. Kāmadhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭiccāti ettha kāmavitakkopi kāmadhātu kāmāvacaradhammāpi, visesato sabbākusalampi. Yathāha –

‘‘Tattha katamā kāmadhātu? Kāmapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko saṅkappo appanā byappanā cetaso abhiniropanā micchāsaṅkappo, ayaṃ vuccati kāmadhātu. Heṭṭhato avīcinirayaṃ pariyantaṃ karitvā uparito paranimmitavasavattī deve antokaritvā yaṃ etasmiṃ antare etthāvacarā ettha pariyāpannā khandhadhātuāyatanā rūpā vedanā saññā saṅkhārā viññāṇaṃ, ayaṃ vuccati kāmadhātu. Sabbepi akusalā dhammā kāmadhātū’’ti (vibha. 182).

Ettha sabbasaṅgāhikā asambhinnāti dve kathā honti. Kathaṃ? Kāmadhātuggahaṇena hi byāpādadhātuvihiṃsādhātuyo gahitā hontīti ayaṃ sabbasaṅgāhikā. Tāsaṃ pana dvinnaṃ dhātūnaṃ visuṃ āgatattā sesadhammā kāmadhātūti ayaṃ asambhinnakathā. Ayamidha gahetabbā imaṃ kāmadhātuṃ ārammaṇavasena vā sampayogavasena vā paṭicca kāmasaññā nāma uppajjati. Kāmasaññaṃ paṭiccāti kāmasaññaṃ pana sampayogavasena vā upanissayavasena vā paṭicca kāmasaṅkappo nāma uppajjati. Iminā nayena sabbapadesu attho veditabbo. Tīhi ṭhānehīti tīhi kāraṇehi. Micchā paṭipajjatīti ayāthāvapaṭipadaṃ aniyyānikapaṭipadaṃ paṭipajjati.

Byāpādadhātuṃ, bhikkhaveti ettha byāpādavitakkopi byāpādadhātu byāpādopi. Yathāha –

‘‘Tattha katamā byāpādadhātu? Byāpādapaṭisaṃyutto takko vitakko…pe… ayaṃ vuccati byāpādadhātu. Dasasu āghātavatthūsu cittassa āghāto paṭivirodho kopo pakopo…pe… anattamanatā cittassa, ayaṃ vuccati byāpādadhātū’’ti (vibha. 182).

Imaṃ byāpādadhātuṃ sahajātapaccayādivasena paṭicca byāpādasaññā nāma uppajjati. Sesaṃ purimanayeneva veditabbaṃ.

3. Giñjakāvasathasuttaṃ

97. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā ñātike viharati giñjakāvasathe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Dhātuṃ, bhikkhave, paṭicca uppajjati saññā, uppajjati diṭṭhi, uppajjati vitakko’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā kaccāno saddho kaccāno (ka.) bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘yāyaṃ, bhante, diṭṭhi – ‘asammāsambuddhesu sammāsambuddhā’ti, ayaṃ nu kho, bhante, diṭṭhi kiṃ paṭicca paññāyatī’’ti?

‘‘Mahati kho esā, kaccāna, dhātu yadidaṃ avijjādhātu. Hīnaṃ, kaccāna, dhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati hīnā saññā, hīnā diṭṭhi, hīno vitakko, hīnā cetanā, hīnā patthanā, hīno paṇidhi, hīno puggalo, hīnā vācā; hīnaṃ ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti; hīnā tassa upapattīti vadāmi.

‘‘Majjhimaṃ, kaccāna, dhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati majjhimā saññā, majjhimā diṭṭhi, majjhimo vitakko, majjhimā cetanā, majjhimā patthanā, majjhimo paṇidhi, majjhimo puggalo, majjhimā vācā; majjhimaṃ ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti; majjhimā tassa upapattīti vadāmi.

‘‘Paṇītaṃ, kaccāna, dhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati paṇītā saññā, paṇītā diṭṭhi, paṇīto vitakko, paṇītā cetanā, paṇītā patthanā, paṇīto paṇidhi, paṇīto puggalo, paṇītā vācā; paṇītaṃ ācikkhati deseti paññapeti paṭṭhapeti vivarati vibhajati uttānīkaroti; paṇītā tassa upapattīti vadāmī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

97. Tatiye dhātuṃ, bhikkhaveti ito paṭṭhāya ajjhāsayaṃ dhātūti dīpeti. Uppajjati saññāti ajjhāsayaṃ paṭicca saññā uppajjati, diṭṭhi uppajjati, vitakko uppajjatīti. Idhāpi ‘‘kaccāno pañhaṃ pucchissatī’’ti tassa okāsadānatthaṃ ettāvatāva desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Asammāsambuddhesūti chasu satthāresu. Sammāsambuddhāti mayamasma sammāsambuddhāti. Kiṃ paṭicca paññāyatīti kismiṃ sati hotīti? Satthārānaṃ uppannaṃ diṭṭhiṃ pucchati. Asammāsambuddhesu tesu sammāsambuddhā eteti evaṃ uppannaṃ titthiyasāvakānampi diṭṭhiṃ pucchatiyeva.

Idāni yasmā tesaṃ avijjādhātuṃ paṭicca sā diṭṭhi hoti, avijjādhātu ca nāma mahatī dhātu, tasmā mahatiṃ dhātuṃ paṭicca tassā uppattiṃ dīpento mahatī kho esātiādimāha. Hīnaṃ, kaccāna, dhātuṃ paṭiccāti hīnaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ paṭicca. Paṇidhīti cittaṭṭhapanaṃ. Sā panesā itthibhāvaṃ vā makkaṭāditiracchānabhāvaṃ vā patthentassa uppajjati. Hīno puggaloti yassete hīnā dhammā uppajjanti, sabbo so puggalopi hīno nāma. Hīnā vācāti yā tassa vācā, sāpi hīnā. Hīnaṃ ācikkhatīti so ācikkhantopi hīnameva ācikkhati, desentopi hīnameva desetīti sabbapadāni yojetabbāni. Upapattīti dve upapattiyo paṭilābho ca nibbatti ca. Nibbatti hīnakulādivasena veditabbā, paṭilābho cittuppādakkhaṇe hīnattikavasena. Kathaṃ? Tassa hi pañcasu nīcakulesu uppajjanato hīnā nibbatti, vessasuddakulesu uppajjanato majjhimā, khattiyabrāhmaṇakulesu uppajjanato paṇītā. Dvādasākusalacittuppādānaṃ pana paṭilābhato hīno paṭilābho, tebhūmakadhammānaṃ paṭilābhato majjhimo, navalokuttaradhammānaṃ paṭilābhato paṇīto. Imasmiṃ pana ṭhāne nibbattiyeva adhippetāti. Tatiyaṃ.

97. Ito paṭṭhāyāti ‘‘dhātuṃ, bhikkhave’’ti imasmā tatiyasuttato paṭṭhāya. Yāva kammavaggo, tāva netvā upagantvā seti etthāti āsayo, hīnādibhāvena adhīno āsayo ajjhāsayo, taṃ ajjhāsayaṃ, adhimuttanti attho. Saññā uppajjatītiādīsu hīnādibhedaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ paṭicca hīnādibhedā saññā, tannissayadiṭṭhivikappanā, vitakko ca uppajjati sahajātakoṭiyā upanissayakoṭiyā ca. Satthāresūti tesaṃ satthupaṭiññatāya vuttaṃ, na satthulakkhaṇasabbhāvato. Asammāsambuddhesūti ādhāre visaye ca bhummaṃ ekato katvā vuttanti paṭhamaṃ tāva dassento ‘‘mayaṃ sammāsambuddhā’’tiādiṃ vatvā itaraṃ dassento ‘‘tesu sammāsambuddhā ete’’tiādimāha. Tesaṃ ‘‘mayaṃ sammāsambuddhā’’ti uppannadiṭṭhi idha mūlabhāvena pucchitā, itarā anusaṅkitāti pucchatiyevāti sāsaṅkaṃ vadati.

4. Hīnādhimuttikasuttaṃ

98. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova dhātuso (sī. pī.) ayañca paṭhamārambhavākyeyeva, na sabbattha. tīsu pana addhāsu ca upamāsaṃsandananigamanaṭṭhāne ca idaṃ pāṭhanānattaṃ natthi, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Atītampi kho khosaddo sī. syā. kaṃ. pī. potthakesu natthi, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova īdisesu ṭhānesu pāṭhanānattaṃ natthi sattā saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu.

‘‘Anāgatampi kho khosaddo sī. syā. kaṃ. pī. potthakesu natthi, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova īdisesu ṭhānesu pāṭhanānattaṃ natthi sattā saṃsandissanti samessanti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti.

‘‘Etarahipi kho khosaddo sī. syā. kaṃ. pī. potthakesu natthi, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova īdisesu ṭhānesu pāṭhanānattaṃ natthi sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

98. Catutthe saṃsandantīti ekato honti. Samentīti samāgacchanti, nirantarā honti. Hīnādhimuttikāti hīnajjhāsayā. Kalyāṇādhimuttikāti kalyāṇajjhāsayā. Catutthaṃ.

98. Ekato hontīti samānacchandatāya ajjhāsayato ekato honti. Nirantarā hontīti tāya eva samānacchandatāya cittena nibbisesā honti. Idha adhimutti nāma ajjhāsayadhātūti āha **‘‘hīnādhimuttikāti hīnajjhāsayā’’**ti.

Hīnādhimuttikasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Caṅkamasuttaṃ

99. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā sāriputto sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho mahāmoggallāno sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho mahākassapo sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho anuruddho sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho puṇṇo mantāniputto sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho upāli sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; āyasmāpi kho ānando sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati; devadattopi kho sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ bhagavato avidūre caṅkamati.

Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, sāriputtaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū mahāpaññā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, moggallānaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū mahiddhikā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, kassapaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dhutavādā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, anuruddhaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dibbacakkhukā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, puṇṇaṃ mantāniputtaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dhammakathikā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, upāliṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū vinayadharā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, ānandaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū bahussutā. Passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, devadattaṃ sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ caṅkamanta’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū pāpicchā’’.

‘‘Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu.

‘‘Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandissanti samessanti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti.

‘‘Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

99. Pañcame passatha noti passatha nu. Sabbe kho eteti sāriputtatthero bhagavatā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto’’ti (a. ni. 1.189) mahāpaññesu etadagge ṭhapito. Iti naṃ ‘‘khandhantaraṃ dhātvantaraṃ āyatanantaraṃ satipaṭṭhānabodhipakkhiyadhammantaraṃ tilakkhaṇāhataṃ gambhīraṃ pañhaṃ pucchissāmā’’ti mahāpaññāva parivārenti. Sopi tesaṃ pathaviṃ pattharento viya sinerupādato vālikaṃ uddharanto viya cakkavāḷapabbataṃ bhindanto viya sineruṃ ukkhipanto viya ākāsaṃ vitthārento viya candimasūriye uṭṭhāpento viya ca pucchitapucchitaṃ katheti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū mahāpaññā’’ti.

Mahāmoggallānopi bhagavatā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ iddhimantānaṃ yadidaṃ mahāmoggallāno’’ti iddhimantesu etadagge ṭhapito. Iti naṃ ‘‘parikammaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ vikubbanaṃ pucchissāmā’’ti iddhimantova parivārenti. Sopi tesaṃ vuttanayeneva pucchitapucchitaṃ katheti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū mahiddhikā’’ti.

Mahākassapopi bhagavatā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhutavādānaṃ yadidaṃ mahākassapo’’ti dhutavādesu etadagge ṭhapito. Iti naṃ ‘‘dhutaṅgaparihāraṃ ānisaṃsaṃ samodhānaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ bhedaṃ pucchissāmā’’ti dhutavādāva parivārenti. Sopi tesaṃ tatheva pucchitapucchitaṃ byākaroti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dhutavādā’’ti.

Anuruddhattheropi bhagavatā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ yadidaṃ anuruddho’’ti (a. ni. 1.192) dibbacakkhukesu etadagge ṭhapito. Iti naṃ ‘‘dibbacakkhussa parikammaṃ ānisaṃsaṃ upakkilesaṃ pucchissāmā’’ti dibbacakkhukāva parivārenti. Sopi tesaṃ tatheva pucchitapucchitaṃ katheti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dibbacakkhukā’’ti.

Puṇṇattheropi bhagavatā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammakathikānaṃ yadidaṃ puṇṇo mantāṇiputto’’ti (a. ni. 1.196) dhammakathikesu etadagge ṭhapito. Iti naṃ ‘‘dhammakathāya saṅkhepavitthāragambhīruttānavicitrakathādīsu taṃ taṃ ākāraṃ pucchissāmā’’ti dhammakathikāva parivārenti. Sopi tesaṃ ‘‘āvuso, dhammakathikena nāma ādito parisaṃ vaṇṇetuṃ vaṭṭati, majjhe suññataṃ pakāsetuṃ, ante catusaccavasena kūṭaṃ gaṇhitu’’nti evaṃ taṃ taṃ dhammakathānayaṃ ācikkhati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘sabbe kho ete, bhikkhave, bhikkhū dhammakathikā’’ti.

6. Sagāthāsuttaṃ

100. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu’’.

‘‘Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandissanti samessanti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti.

‘‘Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, gūtho gūthena saṃsandati sameti; muttaṃ muttena saṃsandati sameti; kheḷo kheḷena saṃsandati sameti; pubbo pubbena saṃsandati sameti; lohitaṃ lohitena saṃsandati sameti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dhātusova sabbatthapi evameva dissati sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho addhānaṃ…pe… anāgatampi kho addhānaṃ…pe… etarahipi kho paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Hīnādhimuttikā hīnādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti.

‘‘Dhātusova bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu.

‘‘Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ…pe… etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, khīraṃ khīrena saṃsandati sameti; telaṃ telena saṃsandati sameti; sappi sappinā saṃsandati sameti; madhu madhunā saṃsandati sameti; phāṇitaṃ phāṇitena saṃsandati sameti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho addhānaṃ… anāgatampi kho addhānaṃ… etarahipi kho paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Kalyāṇādhimuttikā kalyāṇādhimuttikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Saṃsaggā vanatho jāto, asaṃsaggena chijjati;

Parittaṃ dārumāruyha, yathā sīde mahaṇṇave.

‘‘Evaṃ kusītamāgamma, sādhujīvipi sīdati;

Tasmā taṃ parivajjeyya, kusītaṃ hīnavīriyaṃ.

‘‘Pavivittehi ariyehi, pahitattehi jhāyīhi jhāyihi (sī.), jhāyibhi (syā. kaṃ.);

Niccaṃ āraddhavīriyehi, paṇḍitehi sahāvase’’ti.

100. Chaṭṭhe gūtho gūthena saṃsandati sametīti samuddantare janapadantare cakkavāḷantare ṭhitopi vaṇṇenapi gandhenapi rasenapi nānattaṃ anupagacchanto saṃsandati sameti, ekasadisova hoti nirantaro. Sesesupi eseva nayo. Ayaṃ pana aniṭṭhaupamā hīnajjhāsayānaṃ hīnaajjhāsayassa sarikkhabhāvadassanatthaṃ āhaṭā, khīrādivisiṭṭhopamā kalyāṇajjhāsayānaṃ ajjhāsayassa sarikkhabhāvadassanatthaṃ.

Saṃsaggāti dassanasavanasaṃsaggādivatthukena taṇhāsnehena. Vanatho jātoti kilesavanaṃ jātaṃ. Asaṃsaggena chijjatīti ekato ṭhānanisajjādīni akarontassa asaṃsaggena adassanena chijjati. Sādhujīvīti parisuddhajīvitaṃ jīvamāno. Sahāvaseti sahavāsaṃ vaseyya. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

100. ‘‘Dhātuso saṃsandantī’’ti idaṃ ajjhāsayato sarikkhatādassanaṃ, na kāyena missībhāvadassananti āha **‘‘samuddantare’’**tiādi. Nirantaroti nibbiseso. Saṃsaggāti pañcavidhasaṃsaggahetu. Saṃsaggagahaṇena cettha saṃsaggavatthukā taṇhā gahitā. Tenāha **‘‘dassana…pe… snehenā’’**ti.

Vanati bhajati sajjati tenāti vanaṃ, vanathoti ca kileso vuccatīti āha **‘‘vanatho jātoti kilesavanaṃ jāta’’**nti. Itare saṃsaggamūlakāti tameva paṭikkhipanto āha **‘‘adassanenā’’**ti. Sādhujīvīti sādhu suṭṭhu jīvī, taṃjīvanasīlo. Tenāha **‘‘parisuddhajīvitaṃ jīvamāno’’**ti.

Sagāthāsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Assaddhasaṃsandanasuttaṃ

101. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu.

‘‘Anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandissanti samessanti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ…pe… appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ…pe… kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ…pe… muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ…pe… duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandissanti samessanti.

‘‘Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ…pe… anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ…pe… appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ…pe… kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ…pe… muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti.

‘‘Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ…pe… anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave…pe… etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

101. Sattame assaddhā assaddhehītiādīsu buddhe vā dhamme vā saṅghe vā saddhāvirahitā nirojā nirasā puggalā samuddassa orimatīre ṭhitā pārimatīrepi ṭhitehi assaddhehi saddhiṃ tāya assaddhatāya ekasadisā nirantarā honti. Tathā ahirikā bhinnamariyādā alajjipuggalā ahirikehi, anottappino pāpakiriyāya abhāyamānā anottappīhi, appassutā sutavirahitā appassutehi, kusītā ālasiyapuggalā kusītehi, muṭṭhassatino bhattanikkhittakākamaṃsanikkhittasiṅgālasadisā muṭṭhassatīhi, duppaññā khandhādiparicchedikāya paññāya abhāvena nippaññā tādiseheva duppaññehi, saddhāsampannā cetiyavandanādikiccapasutā saddhehi, hirimanā lajjipuggalā hirimanehi, ottappino pāpabhīrukā ottappīhi, bahussutā sutadharā āgamadharā tantipālakā vaṃsānurakkhakā bahussutehi, āraddhavīriyā paripuṇṇaparakkamā āraddhavīriyehi, upaṭṭhitassatī sabbakiccapariggāhikāya satiyā samannāgatā upaṭṭhitassatīhi, paññavanto mahāpaññehi vajirūpamañāṇehi paññavantehi saddhiṃ dūre ṭhitāpi tāya paññāsampattiyā saṃsandanti samenti. Sattamaṃ.

101. Nirojāti saddhāsnehābhāvena nisnehā. Tato eva arasabhāvena nirasā. Ekasadisāti samasamā nibbisesā. Tenāha **‘‘nirantarā’’**ti. Alajjitāya ekasīmakatā bhinnamariyādā. Saddhā tesaṃ atthīti saddhā. Tantipālakāti saddhammatantiyā pālakā. Vaṃsānurakkhakāti ariyavaṃsassa anurakkhakā. Āraddhavīriyāti paggahitavīriyā. Yasmā tādisānaṃ vīriyaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ nāma hoti kiccasiddhiyā, tasmā vuttaṃ **‘‘paripuṇṇaparakkamā’’**ti. Sabbakiccapariggāhikāyāti catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ bhāvanākiccapariggāhikāya.

Assaddhasaṃsandanasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Assaddhamūlakasuttaṃ

102. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Atītampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandiṃsu samiṃsu…pe… anāgatampi kho, bhikkhave, addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandissanti samessanti…pe….

‘‘Etarahipi kho, bhikkhave, paccuppannaṃ addhānaṃ dhātusova sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentīti. (1)

‘‘Dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe… paṭhamavāro viya vitthāretabbo. (2)

‘‘Dhātusova, bhikkhave…pe… assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (3)

‘‘Dhātusova, bhikkhave…pe… assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (4)

‘‘Dhātusova, bhikkhave…pe… assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentīti…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ. (5)

9. Ahirikamūlakasuttaṃ

103. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova…pe… ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ sasandanti samenti, ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (1)

‘‘Ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (2)

‘‘Ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (3)

‘‘Ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti, paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentīti…pe…. Navamaṃ. (4)

10. Anottappamūlakasuttaṃ

104. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (1)

‘‘Anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (2)

‘‘Anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentīti…pe…. Dasamaṃ. (3)

11. Appassutamūlakasuttaṃ

105. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti…pe…. (1)

‘‘Appassutā appassutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; bahussutā bahussutehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentīti…pe…. Ekādasamaṃ. (2)

12. Kusītamūlakasuttaṃ

106. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Kusītā kusītehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; muṭṭhassatino muṭṭhassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; āraddhavīriyā āraddhavīriyehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; upaṭṭhitassatino upaṭṭhitassatīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentīti…pe…. Dvādasamaṃ.

Dutiyo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Sattimā sanidānañca, giñjakāvasathena ca;

Hīnādhimutti caṅkamaṃ, sagāthā assaddhasattamaṃ.

Assaddhamūlakā pañca, cattāro ahirikamūlakā;

Anottappamūlakā tīṇi, duve appassutena ca.

Kusītaṃ ekakaṃ vuttaṃ, suttantā tīṇi pañcakā;

Bāvīsati vuttā suttā, dutiyo vaggo pavuccatīti.

102-106. Aṭṭhamādīni teyeva assaddhādidhamme tikavasena katvā desitāni. Tattha aṭṭhame assaddhādimūlakā kaṇhapakkhasukkapakkhavasena pañca tikā vuttā, navame ahirikamūlakā cattāro. Dasame anottappamūlakā tayo, ekādasame appassutamūlakā dve, dvādasame kusītamūlako eko tiko vuttoti sabbepi pañcasu suttantesu pannarasa tikā honti. Pannarasa cete suttantātipi vadanti. Ayaṃ tikapeyyālo nāma. Aṭṭhamādīni.

Dutiyo vaggo.

102-106. Aṭṭhamādīnīti aṭṭhamaṃ navamaṃ dasamaṃ ekādasamaṃ dvādasamanti imāni pañca suttānīti eke. Apare pana nava suttānīti icchanti. Svāyamattho aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttoyeva. Pāḷiyañca kesuci potthakesu likhīyati.

Assaddhamūlakasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Kammapathavaggo

1. Asamāhitasuttaṃ

107. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; asamāhitā asamāhitehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; samāhitā samāhitehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Dussīlasuttaṃ

108. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Assaddhā assaddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ahirikā ahirikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; anottappino anottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; dussīlā dussīlehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; duppaññā duppaññehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Saddhā saddhehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; hirimanā hirimanehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; ottappino ottappīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; sīlavanto sīlavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; paññavanto paññavantehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

107-108. Ito paresu paṭhamaṃ assaddhādipañcakavasena vuttaṃ, tathā dutiyaṃ. Paṭhame pana asamāhitapadaṃ catutthaṃ, dutiye dussīlapadaṃ. Evaṃ vuccamāne bujjhanakapuggalānaṃ ajjhāsayena hi etāni vuttāni. Ettha asamāhitāti upacārappanāsamādhirahitā. Dussīlāti nissīlā. Paṭhamadutiyāni.

107-108. Ito paresūti ito dutiyavaggato paresu suttesu. Paṭhamanti paṭhamavagge paṭhamaṃ. Kasmā panettha evaṃ desanā pavattāti āha **‘‘evaṃ vuccamāne’’**tiādi.

Asamāhitasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Pañcasikkhāpadasuttaṃ

109. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Pāṇātipātino pāṇātipātīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; adinnādāyino adinnādāyīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kāmesumicchācārino kāmesumicchācārīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; musāvādino musāvādīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhāyino surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhāyīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā pāṇātipātā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; adinnādānā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; musāvādā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Sattakammapathasuttaṃ

110. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Pāṇātipātino pāṇātipātīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; adinnādāyino adinnādāyīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; kāmesumicchācārino kāmesumicchācārīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; musāvādino musāvādīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; pisuṇavācā pisuṇavācehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; pharusavācā pharusavācehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; samphappalāpino samphappalāpīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā…pe… adinnādānā paṭiviratā… kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā… musāvādā paṭiviratā… pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; samphappalāpā paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Dasakammapathasuttaṃ

111. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Pāṇātipātino pāṇātipātīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; adinnādāyino…pe… kāmesumicchācārino… musāvādino… pisuṇavācā… pharusavācā… samphappalāpino samphappalāpīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; abhijjhāluno abhijjhālūhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; byāpannacittā byāpannacittehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā pāṇātipātā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; adinnādānā paṭiviratā…pe… kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā… musāvādā paṭiviratā… pisuṇāya vācāya… pharusāya vācāya… samphappalāpā paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; anabhijjhāluno anabhijjhālūhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; abyāpannacittā abyāpannacittehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

109-111. Tatiyaṃ pañcakammapathavasena bujjhanakānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena vuttaṃ, catutthaṃ sattakammapathavasena, pañcamaṃ dasakammapathavasena. Tattha tatiye surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhāyinoti surāmerayasaṅkhātaṃ majjaṃ yāya pamādacetanāya pivanti, sā ‘‘surāmerayamajjappamādo’’ti vuccati, tasmiṃ tiṭṭhantīti surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhāyino. Ayaṃ tāvettha asādhāraṇapadassa attho.

Pañcame pāṇaṃ atipātentīti pāṇātipātino, pāṇaghātikāti attho. Adinnaṃ ādiyantīti adinnādāyino, parassahārinoti attho. Vatthukāmesu kilesakāmena micchā carantīti kāmesumicchācārino. Musā vadantīti musāvādino, paresaṃ atthabhañjakaṃ tucchaṃ alikaṃ vācaṃ bhāsitāroti attho. Pisuṇā vācā etesanti pisuṇavācā. Mammacchedikā pharusā vācā etesanti pharusavācā. Samphaṃ niratthakaṃ vacanaṃ palapantīti samphappalāpino. Abhijjhāyantīti abhijjhāluno, parabhaṇḍe lubbhanasīlāti attho. Byāpannaṃ pūtibhūtaṃ cittametesanti byāpannacittā. Micchā pāpikā viññugarahitā etesaṃ diṭṭhīti micchādiṭṭhikā, kammapathapariyāpannāya ‘‘natthi dinna’’ntiādivatthukāya micchattapariyāpannāya aniyyānikadiṭṭhiyā samannāgatāti attho. Sammā sobhanā viññupasatthā etesaṃ diṭṭhīti sammādiṭṭhikā, kammapathapariyāpannāya ‘‘atthi dinna’’ntiādikāya kammassakatadiṭṭhiyā sammattapariyāpannāya maggadiṭṭhiyā ca samannāgatāti attho. Idaṃ tāvettha anuttānānaṃ padānaṃ padavaṇṇanāmattaṃ.

Yo pana tesaṃ pāṇātipāto adinnādānaṃ kāmesumicchācāro musāvādo pisuṇavācā pharusavācā samphappalāpo abhijjhā byāpādo micchādiṭṭhīti kaṇhapakkhe dasavidho attho hoti. Tattha pāṇassa atipāto pāṇātipāto, pāṇavadho pāṇaghātoti vuttaṃ hoti. Pāṇoti cettha vohārato satto, paramatthato jīvitindriyaṃ. Tasmiṃ pana pāṇe pāṇasaññino jīvitindriyupacchedakaupakkamasamuṭṭhāpikā kāyavacīdvārānaṃ aññataradvārappavattā vadhakacetanā pāṇātipāto. So guṇavirahitesu tiracchānagatādīsu pāṇesu khuddake pāṇe appasāvajjo, mahāsarīre mahāsāvajjo. Kasmā? Payogamahantatāya, payogasamattepi vatthumahantatāya. Guṇavantesu manussādīsu appaguṇe appasāvajjo, mahāguṇe mahāsāvajjo. Sarīraguṇānaṃ pana samabhāve sati kilesānaṃ upakkamānañca mudutāya appasāvajjo, tibbatāya mahāsāvajjoti veditabbo.

6. Aṭṭhaṅgikasuttaṃ

112. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; micchāsaṅkappā…pe… micchāvācā… micchākammantā… micchāājīvā… micchāvāyāmā… micchāsatino … micchāsamādhino micchāsamādhīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti. Sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; sammāsaṅkappā…pe… sammāvācā… sammākammantā… sammāājīvā… sammāvāyāmā… sammāsatino… sammāsamādhino sammāsamādhīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

112. Chaṭṭhaṃ aṭṭhamaggaṅgavasena bujjhanakānaṃ ajjhāsayavasena vuttaṃ. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Dasaṅgasuttaṃ

113. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dhātusova, bhikkhave, sattā saṃsandanti samenti. Micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; micchāsaṅkappā…pe… micchāvācā… micchākammantā… micchāājīvā… micchāvāyāmā… micchāsatino … micchāsamādhino micchāsamādhīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; micchāñāṇino micchāñāṇīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; micchāvimuttino micchāvimuttīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti’’.

‘‘Sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikehi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; sammāsaṅkappā…pe… sammāvācā… sammākammantā… sammāājīvā… sammāvāyāmā… sammāsatino… sammāsamādhino… sammāñāṇino sammāñāṇīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samenti; sammāvimuttino sammāvimuttīhi saddhiṃ saṃsandanti samentī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

Sattannaṃ suttantānaṃ uddānaṃ –

Asamāhitaṃ dussīlaṃ, pañca sikkhāpadāni ca;

Satta kammapathā vuttā, dasakammapathena ca;

Chaṭṭhaṃ aṭṭhaṅgiko vutto, dasaṅgena ca sattamaṃ.

Kammapathavaggo tatiyo.

113. Sattamaṃ dasamicchattasammattavasena. Tattha micchāñāṇinoti micchāpaccavekkhaṇena samannāgatāti attho. Micchāvimuttinoti aniyyānikavimuttino kusalavimuttīti gahetvā ṭhitā. Sammāñāṇinoti sammāpaccavekkhaṇā. Sammāvimuttinoti niyyānikāya phalavimuttiyā samannāgatāti. Sattamaṃ.

Kammapathavaggo tatiyo.

113. Micchattasammattavasenāti ettha micchābhāvo micchattaṃ, tathā sammābhāvo sammattaṃ. Tathā tathā pavattā akusalakkhandhāva micchāsati, evaṃ micchāñāṇampi daṭṭhabbaṃ. Na hi ñāṇassa micchābhāvo nāma atthi. Tasmā micchāñāṇinoti micchāsaññāṇāti attho, ayoniso pavattacittuppādāti adhippāyo. Micchāpaccavekkhaṇenāti micchādiṭṭhiādīnaṃ micchā ayoniso paccavekkhaṇena. Kusalavimuttīti pakatipurisasantarajānanaṃ, guṇaviyuttassa attano sakattani avaṭṭhānanti evamādiṃ akusalapavattiṃ ‘‘kusalavimuttī’’ti gahetvā ṭhitā micchāvimuttikā. Sammāpaccavekkhaṇāti jhānavimokkhādīsu sammā aviparītaṃ pavattā paccavekkhaṇā.

Dasaṅgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Catutthavaggo

1. Catudhātusuttaṃ

114. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme…pe… ‘‘catasso imā, bhikkhave, dhātuyo. Katamā catasso? Pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu – imā kho, bhikkhave, catasso dhātuyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

114. Catutthavaggassa paṭhame pathavīdhātūti patiṭṭhādhātu. Āpodhātūti ābandhanadhātu. Tejodhātūti paripācanadhātu. Vāyodhātūti vitthambhanadhātu. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato pana vīsatikoṭṭhāsādivasena etā kathetabbā. Paṭhamaṃ.

114. Patiṭṭhādhātūti sahajātānaṃ dhammānaṃ patiṭṭhābhūtā dhātu. Ābandhanadhātūti nahāniyacuṇṇassa udakaṃ viya sahajātadhammānaṃ ābandhanabhūtā dhātu. Paripācanadhātūti sūriyo phalādīnaṃ viya sahajātadhammānaṃ paripācanabhūtā dhātu. Vitthambhanadhātūti dutiyo viya sahajātadhammānaṃ vitthambhanabhūtā dhātu. Kesādayo vīsati koṭṭhāsā. Ādi-saddena pittādayo santappanādayo uddhaṅgamā vātādayo gahitā. Etāti dhātuyo.

Catudhātusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Pubbesambodhasuttaṃ

115. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘pubbeva me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi – ‘ko nu kho pathavīdhātuyā assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ; ko āpodhātuyā assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ; ko tejodhātuyā assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇaṃ; ko vāyodhātuyā assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṃ nissaraṇa’’’nti?

‘‘Tassa mayhaṃ, bhikkhave, etadahosi – ‘yaṃ kho pathavīdhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ pathavīdhātuyā assādo; yaṃ yā (sī.) pathavīdhātu aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṃ pathavīdhātuyā ādīnavo; yo pathavīdhātuyā chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ pathavīdhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ. Yaṃ āpodhātuṃ paṭicca…pe… yaṃ tejodhātuṃ paṭicca…pe… yaṃ vāyodhātuṃ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ, ayaṃ vāyodhātuyā assādo; yaṃ vāyodhātu aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṃ vāyodhātuyā ādīnavo; yo vāyodhātuyā chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṃ, idaṃ vāyodhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ’’’.

‘‘Yāvakīvañcāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ evaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ na abbhaññāsiṃ, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti abhisambuddho (sī. syā. kaṃ.) paccaññāsiṃ.

‘‘Yato ca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ evaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṃ. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘akuppā me vimutti cetovimutti (sī. pī. ka.), ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

115. Dutiye ayaṃ pathavīdhātuyā assādoti ayaṃ pathavīdhātunissayo assādo. Svāyaṃ kāyaṃ abbhunnāmetvā udaraṃ pasāretvā, ‘‘idha me aṅgulaṃ pavesituṃ vāyamathā’’ti vā hatthaṃ pasāretvā, ‘‘imaṃ nāmetuṃ vāyamathā’’ti vā vadati, evaṃ pavattānaṃ vasena veditabbo. Aniccātiādīsu hutvā abhāvākārena aniccā, paṭipīḷanākārena dukkhā, sabhāvavigamākārena vipariṇāmadhammā. Ayaṃ pathavīdhātuyā ādīnavoti yena ākārena sā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayamākāro pathavīdhātuyā ādīnavoti attho. Chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānanti nibbānaṃ āgamma pathavīdhātuyā chandarāgo vinīyati ceva pahīyati ca, tasmā nibbānamassā nissaraṇaṃ.

Ayaṃ āpodhātuyā assādoti ayaṃ āpodhātunissayo assādo. Svāyaṃ aññaṃ āpodhātuyā upaddutaṃ disvā, ‘‘kiṃ ayaṃ nipannakālato paṭṭhāya passāvaṭṭhānābhimukho nikkhamati ceva pavisati ca, appamattakampissa kammaṃ karontassa sedatintaṃ vatthaṃ pīḷetabbatākāraṃ pāpuṇāti, anumodanamattampi kathentassa tālavaṇṭaṃ gaṇhitabbaṃ hoti, mayaṃ pana sāyaṃ nipannā pātova uṭṭhahāma, māsapuṇṇaghaṭo viya no sarīraṃ, mahākammaṃ karontānaṃ sedamattampi no na uppajjati, asanisaddena viya dhammaṃ kathentānaṃ sarīre usumākāramattampi no natthī’’ti evaṃ pavattānaṃ vasena veditabbo.

Ayaṃ tejodhātuyā assādoti ayaṃ tejodhātunissayo assādo. Svāyaṃ sītagahaṇike disvā, ‘‘kiṃ ime kiñcideva yāgubhattakhajjamattaṃ ajjhoharitvā thaddhakucchino nisīditvā sabbarattiṃ aṅgārakaṭāhaṃ pariyesanti, phusitamattesupi sarīre patitesu aṅgārakaṭāhaṃ ottharitvā pārupitvāva nipajjanti? Mayaṃ pana atithaddhampi maṃsaṃ vā pūvaṃ vā khādāma, kucchipūraṃ bhattaṃ bhuñjāma, tāvadeva no sabbaṃ pheṇapiṇḍo viya vilīyati, sattāhavaddalikāya vattamānāya sarīre sītānudahanamattampi no natthī’’ti evaṃ pavattānaṃ vasena veditabbo.

Ayaṃ vāyodhātuyā assādoti ayaṃ vāyodhātunissayo assādo. Svāyaṃ aññe vātabhīruke disvā, ‘‘imesaṃ appamattakampi kammaṃ karontānaṃ anumodanamattampi kathentānaṃ sarīraṃ vāto vijjhati, gāvutamattampi addhānaṃ gatānaṃ hatthapādā sīdanti, piṭṭhi rujjati, kucchivātasīsavātakaṇṇavātādīhi niccupaddutā telaphāṇitādīni vātabhesajjāneva karontā atināmenti, amhākaṃ pana mahākammaṃ karontānampi tiyāmarattiṃ dhammaṃ kathentānampi ekadivaseneva dasa yojanāni gacchantānampi hatthapādasaṃsīdanamattaṃ vā piṭṭhirujjanamattaṃ vā na hotī’’ti, evaṃ pavattānaṃ vasena veditabbo. Evaṃ pavattā hi etā dhātuyo assādenti nāma.

3. Acariṃsuttaṃ

116. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘pathavīdhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, assādapariyesanaṃ acariṃ, yo pathavīdhātuyā assādo tadajjhagamaṃ, yāvatā pathavīdhātuyā assādo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Pathavīdhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ādīnavapariyesanaṃ acariṃ, yo pathavīdhātuyā ādīnavo tadajjhagamaṃ, yāvatā pathavīdhātuyā ādīnavo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Pathavīdhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, nissaraṇapariyesanaṃ acariṃ, yaṃ pathavīdhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ tadajjhagamaṃ, yāvatā pathavīdhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ paññāya me taṃ sudiṭṭhaṃ’’.

‘‘Āpodhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave…pe… tejodhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave… vāyodhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, assādapariyesanaṃ acariṃ, yo vāyodhātuyā assādo tadajjhagamaṃ, yāvatā vāyodhātuyā assādo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Vāyodhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ādīnavapariyesanaṃ acariṃ, yo vāyodhātuyā ādīnavo tadajjhagamaṃ, yāvatā vāyodhātuyā ādīnavo paññāya me so sudiṭṭho. Vāyodhātuyāhaṃ, bhikkhave, nissaraṇapariyesanaṃ acariṃ, yaṃ vāyodhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ tadajjhagamaṃ, yāvatā vāyodhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ paññāya me taṃ sudiṭṭhaṃ.

‘‘Yāvakīvañcāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ na abbhaññāsiṃ, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṃ.

‘‘Yato ca khvāhaṃ, bhikkhave, imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṃ. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘akuppā me vimutti, ayamantimā jāti, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

116. Tatiye acarinti ñāṇacārena acariṃ, anubhavanacārenāti attho. Yāvatāti yattako. Tatiyaṃ.

116. Yathā yāvatā nissaraṇapariyesanaṭṭhāne ādīnavapariyesanā, evaṃ yāvatā ādīnavapariyesanaṭṭhāne assādapariyesanā sammāpaṭipannassāti vuttaṃ **‘‘acarinti ñāṇacārena acariṃ, anubhavanacārenā’’**ti.

Acariṃsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Nocedaṃsuttaṃ

117. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘no cedaṃ, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātuyā assādo abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā pathavīdhātuyā sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi pathavīdhātuyā assādo, tasmā sattā pathavīdhātuyā sārajjanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātuyā ādīnavo abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā pathavīdhātuyā nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi pathavīdhātuyā ādīnavo, tasmā sattā pathavīdhātuyā nibbindanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā pathavīdhātuyā nissareyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi pathavīdhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ, tasmā sattā pathavīdhātuyā nissaranti’’.

‘‘No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, āpodhātuyā assādo abhavissa…pe… no cedaṃ, bhikkhave, tejodhātuyā…pe… no cedaṃ, bhikkhave, vāyodhātuyā assādo abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā vāyodhātuyā sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi vāyodhātuyā assādo, tasmā sattā vāyodhātuyā sārajjanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, vāyodhātuyā ādīnavo abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā vāyodhātuyā nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi vāyodhātuyā ādīnavo, tasmā sattā vāyodhātuyā nibbindanti. No cedaṃ, bhikkhave, vāyodhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ abhavissa, nayidaṃ sattā vāyodhātuyā nissareyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, atthi vāyodhātuyā nissaraṇaṃ, tasmā sattā vāyodhātuyā nissaranti.

‘‘Yāvakīvañcime, bhikkhave, sattā imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ na abbhaññaṃsu, neva tāvime bhikkhave, sattā sadevakā lokā samārakā sabrahmakā sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya nissaṭā visaṃyuttā vippamuttā vimariyādikatena cetasā vihariṃsu.

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, sattā imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññaṃsu, atha, bhikkhave, sattā sadevakā lokā samārakā sabrahmakā sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya nissaṭā visaṃyuttā vippamuttā vimariyādikatena cetasā viharantī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

117. Catutthe nissaṭātiādīni ādito vuttapaṭisedhena yojetvā ‘‘na nissaṭā, na visaṃyuttā, na vippamuttā, na vimariyādikatena cetasā vihariṃsū’’ti evaṃ veditabbāni. Dutiyanaye vimariyādikatenāti nimmariyādikatena. Tattha duvidhā mariyādā kilesamariyādā vaṭṭamariyādāti. Tattha ca yassa upaḍḍhā kilesā pahīnā, upaḍḍhā appahīnā, vaṭṭaṃ vā pana upaḍḍhaṃ pahīnaṃ, upaḍḍhaṃ appahīnaṃ, tassa cittaṃ pahīnakilese vā vaṭṭaṃ vā sandhāya vimariyādikataṃ, appahīnakilese vā vaṭṭaṃ vā sandhāya na vimariyādikataṃ. Idha pana ubhayassāpi pahīnattā ‘‘vimariyādikatena cetasā’’ti vuttaṃ, mariyādaṃ akatvā ṭhitena atikkantamariyādena cetasāti attho. Iti tīsupi imesu suttesu catusaccameva kathitaṃ. Catutthaṃ.

117. Nissaṭātiādīni padāni, ādito vuttapaṭisedhenāti ‘‘nevā’’ti ettha vuttena nakārena. Tenāha **‘‘na nissaṭā’’**tiādi. Vimariyādikatenātiādi ca ettha viharaṇapekkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ. Dutiyanayeti ‘‘yato ca kho, bhikkhave’’tiādinā vuttanaye. Kilesavaṭṭamariyādāya sabbaso abhāvato nimmariyādikatena cittena. Tenāha **‘‘tatthā’’**tiādi. Tīsūti dutiyādīsu tīsu.

Nocedaṃsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Ekantadukkhasuttaṃ

118. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘pathavīdhātu ce ca (sī. syā. kaṃ.) hidaṃ, bhikkhave, ekantadukkhā abhavissa dukkhānupatitā dukkhāvakkantā anavakkantā sukhena, nayidaṃ sattā pathavīdhātuyā sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātu sukhā sukhānupatitā sukhāvakkantā anavakkantā dukkhena, tasmā sattā pathavīdhātuyā sārajjanti’’.

‘‘Āpodhātu ce hidaṃ, bhikkhave…pe… tejodhātu ce hidaṃ, bhikkhave… vāyodhātu ce hidaṃ, bhikkhave, ekantadukkhā abhavissa dukkhānupatitā dukkhāvakkantā anavakkantā sukhena, nayidaṃ sattā vāyodhātuyā sārajjeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, vāyodhātu sukhā sukhānupatitā sukhāvakkantā anavakkantā dukkhena, tasmā sattā vāyodhātuyā sārajjanti.

‘‘Pathavīdhātu ce hidaṃ, bhikkhave, ekantasukhā abhavissa sukhānupatitā sukhāvakkantā anavakkantā dukkhena, nayidaṃ sattā pathavīdhātuyā nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātu dukkhā dukkhānupatitā dukkhāvakkantā anavakkantā sukhena, tasmā sattā pathavīdhātuyā nibbindanti.

‘‘Āpodhātu ce hidaṃ, bhikkhave…pe… tejodhātu ce hidaṃ, bhikkhave… vāyodhātu ce hidaṃ, bhikkhave, ekantasukhā abhavissa sukhānupatitā sukhāvakkantā anavakkantā dukkhena, nayidaṃ sattā vāyodhātuyā nibbindeyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, vāyodhātu dukkhā dukkhānupatitā dukkhāvakkantā anavakkantā sukhena, tasmā sattā vāyodhātuyā nibbindantī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

118. Pañcame ekantadukkhāti atikkamitvā ṭhitassa tattakāro viya ekanteneva dukkhā. Dukkhānupatitāti dukkhena anupatitā. Dukkhāvakkantāti dukkhena okkantā otiṇṇā. Sukhāti sukhavedanāya paccayabhūtā. Evaṃ sabbattha attho veditabbo. Imasmiṃ sutte dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ kathitaṃ. Pañcamaṃ.

118. Ekanteneva dukkhāti avīcimahānirayo viya ekantato dukkhā eva sukhena avomissā. Dukkhena anupatitāti dukkheneva sabbaso upagatā. Dukkhena okkantāti bahiddhā viya antopi dukkhena avakkantā anupaviṭṭhā. Sukhavedanāpaccayatāya imāsaṃ dhātūnaṃ sukhatā viya dukkhavedanāpaccayatāpi veditabbā, saṅkhāradukkhatā pana sabbattha caritā eva. Sabbatthāti sabbāsu dhātūsu, sabbaṭṭhānesu vā. Paṭhamaṃ sukhaṃ dassetvāpi pacchā dukkhassa kathitattā **‘‘dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ kathita’’**nti vuttaṃ.

Ekantadukkhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Abhinandasuttaṃ

119. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātuṃ abhinandati, dukkhaṃ so abhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ abhinandati, aparimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Yo āpodhātuṃ abhinandati…pe… yo tejodhātuṃ… yo vāyodhātuṃ abhinandati, dukkhaṃ so abhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ abhinandati, aparimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmi’’.

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātuṃ nābhinandati, dukkhaṃ so nābhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ nābhinandati, parimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmi. Yo āpodhātuṃ…pe… yo tejodhātuṃ… yo vāyodhātuṃ nābhinandati, dukkhaṃ so nābhinandati. Yo dukkhaṃ nābhinandati, parimutto so dukkhasmāti vadāmī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Uppādasuttaṃ

120. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātuyā uppādo ṭhiti abhinibbatti pātubhāvo, dukkhasseso uppādo rogānaṃ ṭhiti jarāmaraṇassa pātubhāvo. Yo āpodhātuyā…pe… yo tejodhātuyā… yo vāyodhātuyā uppādo ṭhiti abhinibbatti pātubhāvo, dukkhasseso uppādo rogānaṃ ṭhiti jarāmaraṇassa pātubhāvo’’.

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, pathavīdhātuyā nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, dukkhasseso nirodho rogānaṃ vūpasamo jarāmaraṇassa atthaṅgamo. Yo āpodhātuyā…pe… yo tejodhātuyā… yo vāyodhātuyā nirodho vūpasamo atthaṅgamo, dukkhasseso nirodho rogānaṃ vūpasamo jarāmaraṇassa atthaṅgamo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Samaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

121. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘catasso imā, bhikkhave, dhātuyo. Katamā catasso? Pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā; na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti’’.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te ca kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā; te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

122. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘catasso imā, bhikkhave, dhātuyo. Katamā catasso? Pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā imāsaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… pajānanti…pe… sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Tatiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

123. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā pathavīdhātuṃ nappajānanti, pathavīdhātusamudayaṃ nappajānanti, pathavīdhātunirodhaṃ nappajānanti, pathavīdhātunirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti…pe… āpodhātuṃ nappajānanti… tejodhātuṃ nappajānanti… vāyodhātuṃ nappajānanti, vāyodhātusamudayaṃ nappajānanti, vāyodhātunirodhaṃ nappajānanti, vāyodhātunirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā; na ca pana te āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti’’.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā pathavīdhātuṃ pajānanti, pathavīdhātusamudayaṃ pajānanti, pathavīdhātunirodhaṃ pajānanti, pathavīdhātunirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti… ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā…pe… āpodhātuṃ pajānanti… tejodhātuṃ pajānanti… vāyodhātuṃ pajānanti, vāyodhātusamudayaṃ pajānanti, vāyodhātunirodhaṃ pajānanti, vāyodhātunirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ pajānanti, te ca kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā; te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Catuttho vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Catasso pubbe acariṃ, nocedañca dukkhena ca;

Abhinandañca uppādo, tayo samaṇabrāhmaṇāti.

Dhātusaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

119-123. Chaṭṭhasattamesu vivaṭṭaṃ, avasāne tīsu catusaccamevāti. Chaṭṭhādīni.

Catuttho vaggo.

Dhātusaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

119-123. Chaṭṭhasattamesu vaṭṭavivaṭṭaṃ kathitaṃ. Aṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana **‘‘vivaṭṭaṃ kathita’’**nti vuttaṃ. Tīsu suttesu. Catusaccamevāti cattāri saccāni samāhaṭāni catusaccanti tesaṃ ekajjhaṃ gahaṇaṃ, niyamo pana tabbinimuttassa paramatthassa abhāvato.

Abhinandasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Catutthavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Dhātusaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

4. Anamataggasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. Tiṇakaṭṭhasuttaṃ

124. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Anamataggoyaṃ anamataggāyaṃ (pī. ka.) bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso yaṃ imasmiṃ jambudīpe tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ taṃ chetvā tacchetvā (bahūsu) ekajjhaṃ saṃharitvā caturaṅgulaṃ caturaṅgulaṃ ghaṭikaṃ katvā nikkhipeyya – ‘ayaṃ me mātā, tassā me mātu ayaṃ mātā’ti, apariyādinnāva apariyādiṇṇāva (sī.) bhikkhave, tassa purisassa mātumātaro assu, atha imasmiṃ jambudīpe tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Evaṃ dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ tibbaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ byasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ, kaṭasī kaṭasi (sī. pī. ka.) kaṭā chavā sayanti etthāti kaṭasī vaḍḍhitā. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ alaṃ virajjituṃ alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

124. Anamataggasaṃyuttassa paṭhame anamataggoti anu amataggo, vassasataṃ vassasahassaṃ ñāṇena anugantvāpi amataggo aviditaggo, nāssa sakkā ito vā etto vā aggaṃ jānituṃ, aparicchinnapubbāparakoṭikoti attho. Saṃsāroti khandhādīnaṃ avicchinnappavattā paṭipāṭi. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyatīti purimamariyādā na dissati. Yadaggena cassa purimā koṭi na paññāyati, pacchimāpi tadaggeneva na paññāyati, vemajjheyeva pana sattā saṃsaranti. Pariyādānaṃ gaccheyyāti idaṃ upamāya khuddakattā vuttaṃ. Bāhirasamayasmiñhi attho paritto hoti, upamā mahatī. ‘‘Hatthī viya ayaṃ goṇo, goṇo viya sūkaro, samuddo viya taḷāka’’nti hi vutte na tesaṃ tādisaṃ pamāṇaṃ hoti. Buddhasamaye pana upamā parittā, attho mahā. Pāḷiyañhi eko jambudīpo gahito, evarūpānaṃ pana jambudīpānaṃ satepi sahassepi satasahassepi tiṇādīni tena upakkamena pariyādānaṃ gaccheyyuṃ, na tveva purisassa mātu mātaroti. Dukkhaṃ paccanubhūtanti tumhehi dukkhaṃ anubhūtaṃ. Tibbanti tasseva vevacanaṃ. Byasananti ñātibyasanādianekavidhaṃ. Kaṭasīti susānaṃ, pathavīyeva vā. Sā hi punappunaṃ marantehi sarīranikkhepena vaḍḍhitā. Alamevāti yuttameva. Paṭhamaṃ.

124. Upasaggo samāsavisaye sasādhanaṃ kiriyaṃ dassetīti vuttaṃ **‘‘ñāṇena anugantvāpī’’**ti. Vassasataṃ vassasahassanti nidassanamattametaṃ, tato bhiyyopi anugantvā anamataggo eva saṃsāro. Agga-saddo idha mariyādavacano, anuddesikañcetaṃ vacananti āha **‘‘aparicchinnapubbāparakoṭiko’’**ti. Aññathā antimabhavikaparicchinnakatavimuttiparipācanīyadhammādīnaṃ vasena aparicchinnapubbāparakoṭi na sakkā vattuṃ. Saṃsaraṇaṃ saṃsāro. Pacchimāpi na paññāyati andhabālānaṃ vasenāti adhippāyo. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘dīgho bālāna saṃsāro’’ti (dha. pa. 60). Vemajjheyeva pana sattā saṃsaranti pubbāparakoṭīnaṃ alabbhanīyattā. Attho paritto hoti yathābhūtāvabodhābhāvato. Buddhasamayeti sāsaneti attho. Attho mahā yathābhūtāvabodhisambhavato, atthassa vipulatāya taṃsadisā upamā natthīti parittaṃyeva upamaṃ āharantīti adhippāyo. Idāni vuttamevatthaṃ **‘‘pāḷiyaṃ hī’’**tiādinā samattheti. Mātu mātaroti mātu mātāmahiyo. Tassevāti dukkhasseva. Tibbanti dukkhapariyāyoti.

2. Pathavīsuttaṃ

125. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso imaṃ mahāpathaviṃ kolaṭṭhimattaṃ kolaṭṭhimattaṃ mattikāguḷikaṃ karitvā nikkhipeyya – ‘ayaṃ me pitā, tassa me pitu ayaṃ pitā’ti, apariyādinnāva bhikkhave, tassa purisassa pitupitaro assu, athāyaṃ mahāpathavī parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Evaṃ dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ tibbaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ byasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ, kaṭasī vaḍḍhitā. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

125. Dutiye mahāpathavinti cakkavāḷapariyantaṃ mahāpathaviṃ. Nikkhipeyyāti taṃ pathaviṃ bhinditvā vuttappamāṇaṃ guḷikaṃ karitvā ekamantaṃ ṭhapeyya. Dutiyaṃ.

125. Mahāpathavinti avisesena anavasesapariyādāyinīti āha **‘‘cakkavāḷapariyanta’’**nti. Parikappavacanañcetaṃ.

Pathavīsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Assusuttaṃ

126. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā vo iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ amanāpasampayogā manāpavippayogā kandantānaṃ rodantānaṃ rudantānaṃ (sī.) assu passannaṃ passandaṃ (ka. sī.), pasandaṃ (syā. kaṃ.), pasannaṃ (pī. ka.) paggharitaṃ, yaṃ vā catūsu mahāsamuddesu udaka’’nti? ‘‘Yathā kho mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāma, etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yaṃ no iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ amanāpasampayogā manāpavippayogā kandantānaṃ rodantānaṃ assu passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udaka’’nti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave, sādhu kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha. Etadeva, bhikkhave, bahutaraṃ yaṃ vo iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ amanāpasampayogā manāpavippayogā kandantānaṃ rodantānaṃ assu passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakaṃ. Dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, mātumaraṇaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ; tesaṃ vā mātumaraṇaṃ paccanubhontānaṃ amanāpasampayogā manāpavippayogā kandantānaṃ rodantānaṃ assu passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakaṃ. Dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, pitumaraṇaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ …pe… bhātumaraṇaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ… bhaginimaraṇaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ… puttamaraṇaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ… dhītumaraṇaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ… ñātibyasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ… bhogabyasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ. Dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, rogabyasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ, tesaṃ vo rogabyasanaṃ paccanubhontānaṃ amanāpasampayogā manāpavippayogā kandantānaṃ rodantānaṃ assu passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro …pe… yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

126. Tatiye kandantānanti sasaddaṃ rudamānānaṃ. Passannanti sanditaṃ pavattaṃ. Catūsu mahāsamuddesūti sinerurasmīhi paricchinnesu catūsu mahāsamuddesu. Sinerussa hi pācīnapassaṃ rajatamayaṃ, dakkhiṇapassaṃ maṇimayaṃ, pacchimapassaṃ phalikamayaṃ, uttarapassaṃ suvaṇṇamayaṃ. Pubbadakkhiṇapassehi nikkhantā rajatamaṇirasmiyo ekato hutvā mahāsamuddapiṭṭhena gantvā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ āhacca tiṭṭhanti, dakkhiṇapacchimapassehi nikkhantā maṇiphalikarasmiyo, pacchimuttarapassehi nikkhantā phalikasuvaṇṇarasmiyo, uttarapācīnapassehi nikkhantā suvaṇṇarajatarasmiyo ekato hutvā mahāsamuddapiṭṭhena gantvā cakkavāḷapabbataṃ āhacca tiṭṭhanti. Tāsaṃ rasmīnaṃ antaresu cattāro mahāsamuddā honti. Te sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘catūsu mahāsamuddesū’’ti. Ñātibyasanantiādīsu byasananti viasanaṃ, vināsoti attho. Ñātīnaṃ byasanaṃ ñātibyasanaṃ, bhogānaṃ byasanaṃ bhogabyasanaṃ. Rogo pana sayameva ārogyaṃ viyasati vināsetīti byasanaṃ, rogova byasanaṃ rogabyasanaṃ. Tatiyaṃ.

126. Kandanaṃ sasaddaṃ, rodanaṃ pana kevalamevāti āha **‘‘kandantānanti sasaddaṃ rudamānāna’’**nti. Pavattanti sandanavasena pavattaṃ. ‘‘Sinerurasmīhi paricchinnesū’’ti saṅkhepena vuttamatthaṃ vivaranto **‘‘sinerussā’’**tiādimāha. Maṇimayanti indanīlamaṇimayaṃ. Sinerussa pubbadakkhiṇakoṇasamapadesā ‘‘pubbadakkhiṇapassā’’ti adhippetā. Tehi nikkhantarajatarasmiyo indanīlarasmiyo ca ekato hutvā. Tāsaṃ rasmīnaṃ antaresūti tāsaṃ catūhi koṇehi nikkhantarasmīnaṃ catūsu antaresu. Cattāroti dakkhiṇādibhedā cattāro mahāsamuddā honti. Viasananti visesena khepanaṃ. Kiṃ pana tanti āha **‘‘vināsoti attho’’**ti.

4. Khīrasuttaṃ

127. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā vo iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ mātuthaññaṃ pītaṃ, yaṃ vā catūsu mahāsamuddesu udaka’’nti? ‘‘Yathā kho mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāma, etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yaṃ no iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ mātuthaññaṃ pītaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udaka’’nti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave, sādhu kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha. Etadeva, bhikkhave, bahutaraṃ yaṃ vo iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ mātuthaññaṃ pītaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

127. Catutthe mātuthaññanti ekanāmikāya manussamātu khīraṃ. Imesañhi sattānaṃ gaṇḍuppādakipillikādīsu vā macchakacchapādīsu vā pakkhijātesu vā nibbattakāle mātukhīrameva natthi, ajapasumahiṃsādīsu nibbattakāle khīraṃ atthi, tathā manussesu. Tattha ajādikāle ca manussesu cāpi ‘‘devī sumanā tissā’’ti evaṃ nānānāmikānaṃ kucchiyaṃ nibbattakāle aggahetvā tissāti ekanāmikāya eva mātu kucchiyaṃ nibbattakāle pītaṃ thaññaṃ catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakato bahutaranti veditabbaṃ. Catutthaṃ.

127. Mātuthaññanti pītaṃ mātuyā thanato nibbattakhīraṃ bahutaranti veditabbaṃ.

Khīrasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Pabbatasuttaṃ

128. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ārāme. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kīvadīgho nu kho, bhante, kappo’’ti? ‘‘Dīgho kho, bhikkhu, kappo. So na sukaro saṅkhātuṃ ettakāni vassāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasatāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni vassasatasahassāni iti vā’’ti.

‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā, bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, mahāselo pabbato yojanaṃ āyāmena yojanaṃ vitthārena yojanaṃ ubbedhena acchinno asusiro ekagghano. Tamenaṃ puriso vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena kāsikena vatthena sakiṃ sakiṃ parimajjeyya. Khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhu, mahāselo pabbato iminā upakkamena parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, na tveva kappo. Evaṃ dīgho, bhikkhu, kappo. Evaṃ dīghānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, kappānaṃ neko kappo saṃsito, nekaṃ kappasataṃ saṃsitaṃ, nekaṃ kappasahassaṃ saṃsitaṃ, nekaṃ kappasatasahassaṃ saṃsitaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhu, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi…pe… yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhu, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.

128. Pañcame sakkā pana, bhanteti so kira bhikkhu cintesi – ‘‘satthā anamataggassa saṃsārassa dīghatamattā ‘na sukaraṃ na sukara’nti kathetiyeva, kathaṃ nacchindati, sakkā nu kho upamaṃ kārāpetu’’nti. Tasmā evamāha. Kāsikenāti tayo kappāsaṃsū ekato gahetvā kantitasuttamayena atisukhumavatthena. Tena pana parimaṭṭhe kittakaṃ khīyeyyāti. Sāsapamattaṃ. Pañcamaṃ.

128. ‘‘Anamataggassa saṃsārassa dīghatamattā na sukaraṃ nasukara’’nti aṭṭhakathāpāṭho. Kathaṃ nacchindatīti kathaṃ na pariyosāpeti, kāyacipi gahaṇatāyāti adhippāyo. Tayo kappāsaṃsūti tayo ekakappāsaṃsū. Yehi naṃ phuṭṭhaṃ, tatopi sukhumataraṃ sāsapamattaṃ khīyeyya pabbataṃ sabbabhāgehi aticiravelaṃ parimajjante.

Pabbatasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Sāsapasuttaṃ

129. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kīvadīgho, nu kho, bhante, kappo’’ti? ‘‘Dīgho kho, bhikkhu, kappo. So na sukaro saṅkhātuṃ ettakāni vassāni iti vā…pe… ettakāni vassasatasahassāni iti vā’’ti.

‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā, bhikkhū’’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, āyasaṃ nagaraṃ yojanaṃ āyāmena yojanaṃ vitthārena yojanaṃ ubbedhena, puṇṇaṃ sāsapānaṃ guḷikābaddhaṃ cūḷikābaddhaṃ (sī. pī.). Tato puriso vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena ekamekaṃ sāsapaṃ uddhareyya. Khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhu mahāsāsaparāsi iminā upakkamena parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, na tveva kappo. Evaṃ dīgho kho, bhikkhu, kappo. Evaṃ dīghānaṃ kho, bhikkhu, kappānaṃ neko kappo saṃsito, nekaṃ kappasataṃ saṃsitaṃ, nekaṃ kappasahassaṃ saṃsitaṃ, nekaṃ kappasatasahassaṃ saṃsitaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhu, saṃsāro …pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

129. Chaṭṭhe āyasaṃ nagaranti āyasena pākārena parikkhittaṃ nagaraṃ, na pana anto āyasehi ekabhūmikādipāsādehi ākiṇṇanti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

129. Nagaranti nagarasaṅkhepena pākārena parikkhittataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Anto pana sabbaso vicittasāsapehi eva puṇṇaṃ, evaṃ cuṇṇikābaddhaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘na pana…pe… daṭṭhabba’’**nti.

Sāsapasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Sāvakasuttaṃ

130. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘kīvabahukā nu kho, bhante, kappā abbhatītā atikkantā’’ti? ‘‘Bahukā kho, bhikkhave, kappā abbhatītā atikkantā. Te na sukarā saṅkhātuṃ – ‘ettakā kappā iti vā, ettakāni kappasatāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasatasahassāni iti vā’’’ti.

‘‘Sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā, bhikkhave’’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘‘Idhassu, bhikkhave, cattāro sāvakā vassasatāyukā vassasatajīvino. Te divase divase kappasatasahassaṃ kappasatasahassaṃ anussareyyuṃ. Ananussaritāva bhikkhave, tehi kappā assu, atha kho te cattāro sāvakā vassasatāyukā vassasatajīvino vassasatassa accayena kālaṃ kareyyuṃ. Evaṃ bahukā kho, bhikkhave, kappā abbhatītā atikkantā. Te na sukarā saṅkhātuṃ – ‘ettakā kappā iti vā, ettakāni kappasatāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasatasahassāni iti vā’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

130. Sattame anussareyyunti ekena kappasatasahasse anussarite aparo tassa ṭhitaṭṭhānato aññaṃ satasahassaṃ, aññopi aññanti evaṃ cattāropi cattārisatasahassāni anussareyyuṃ. Sattamaṃ.

130. Tassa ṭhitaṭṭhānatoti bhikkhuno anussaritvā ṭhitaṭṭhānato, tena anussaritassa satasahassakappassa anantarakappato paṭṭhāyāti attho. Evanti vuttappakārena. Cattāropi bhikkhū abhiññālābhino. Cattāri kappasatasahassāni divase divase anussareyyunti parikappanavasena vadanti.

Sāvakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Gaṅgāsuttaṃ

131. Rājagahe viharati veḷuvane. Atha kho aññataro brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kīvabahukā nu kho, bho gotama, kappā abbhatītā atikkantā’’ti? ‘‘Bahukā kho, brāhmaṇa, kappā abbhatītā atikkantā. Te na sukarā saṅkhātuṃ – ‘ettakā kappā iti vā, ettakāni kappasatāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasatasahassāni iti vā’’’ti.

‘‘Sakkā pana, bho gotama, upamaṃ kātu’’nti? ‘‘Sakkā, brāhmaṇā’’ti bhagavā avoca. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, yato cāyaṃ gaṅgā nadī pabhavati yattha ca mahāsamuddaṃ appeti, yā etasmiṃ antare vālikā sā na sukarā saṅkhātuṃ – ‘ettakā vālikā iti vā, ettakāni vālikasatāni iti vā, ettakāni vālikasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni vālikasatasahassāni iti vā’ti. Tato bahutarā kho, brāhmaṇa, kappā abbhatītā atikkantā. Te na sukarā saṅkhātuṃ – ‘ettakā kappā iti vā, ettakāni kappasatāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasahassāni iti vā, ettakāni kappasatasahassāni iti vā’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, brāhmaṇa, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Evaṃ dīgharattaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, dukkhaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ tibbaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ byasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ, kaṭasī vaḍḍhitā. Yāvañcidaṃ, brāhmaṇa, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti.

Evaṃ vutte, so brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

131. Etasmiṃ antareti etasmiṃ pabhavasamuddapadesaparicchinne āyāmato pañcayojanasatike atirekayojanasatike vā ṭhāne.

Gaṅgāsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Daṇḍasuttaṃ

132. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, daṇḍo uparivehāsaṃ khitto sakimpi mūlena nipatati, sakimpi majjhena nipatati, sakimpi antena nipatati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇā sattā taṇhāsaṃyojanā sandhāvantā saṃsarantā sakimpi asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ gacchanti, sakimpi parasmā lokā imaṃ lokaṃ āgacchanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Navamaṃ.

131-132. Aṭṭhame yā etasmiṃ antare vālikāti yā etasmiṃ āyāmato pañcayojanasatike antare vālikā. Navame vattabbaṃ natthi. Aṭṭhamanavamāni.

132. Navame khittoti punappunaṃ khitto. Ekavārañhi khitto mūlādīsu ekeneva nipateyya. Tathā sati adhippeto pātassa aniyamo na nidassito siyā. Tattha ca dhammaṃ suṇantā bhikkhū manussaloke, te sandhāya **‘‘asmā lokā’’**ti āha, tadaññaṃ sandhāya **‘‘paraloka’’**nti. Tassa tassa vā puggalassa yathādhippeto ayaṃ loko, tadañño paraloko.

Daṇḍasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Puggalasuttaṃ

133. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… ekapuggalassa, bhikkhave, kappaṃ sandhāvato saṃsarato siyā evaṃ mahā aṭṭhikaṅkalo aṭṭhipuñjo aṭṭhirāsi yathāyaṃ vepullo pabbato, sace saṃhārako assa, sambhatañca na vinasseyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Ekassekena kappena, puggalassaṭṭhisañcayo;

Siyā pabbatasamo rāsi, iti vuttaṃ mahesinā.

‘‘So kho panāyaṃ akkhāto, vepullo pabbato mahā;

Uttaro gijjhakūṭassa, magadhānaṃ giribbaje.

‘‘Yato ca ariyasaccāni, sammappaññāya passati;

Dukkhaṃ dukkhasamuppādaṃ, dukkhassa ca atikkamaṃ;

Ariyaṃ caṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ.

‘‘Sa sattakkhattuṃparamaṃ, sandhāvitvāna puggalo;

Dukkhassantakaro hoti, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayā’’ti. dasamaṃ;

Paṭhamo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Tiṇakaṭṭhañca pathavī, assu khīrañca pabbataṃ;

Sāsapā sāvakā gaṅgā, daṇḍo ca puggalena cāti.

133. Dasame aṭṭhikaṅkalotiādīni tīṇipi rāsivevacanāneva. Imesaṃ pana sattānaṃ saaṭṭhikālato anaṭṭhikālova bahutaro. Gaṇḍuppādakādipāṇabhūtānañhi etesaṃ aṭṭhimeva natthi, macchakacchapādibhūtānaṃ pana aṭṭhimeva bahutaraṃ, tasmā anaṭṭhikālañca bahuaṭṭhikālañca aggahetvā samaṭṭhikālova gahetabbo. Uttaro gijjhakūṭassāti gijjhakūṭassa uttarapasse ṭhito. Magadhānaṃ giribbajeti magadharaṭṭhassa giribbaje, giriparikkhepe ṭhitoti attho. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti. Dasamaṃ.

Paṭhamo vaggo.

133. Samaṭṭhikāloti samena ākārena laddhabbaaṭṭhikālo. Giriparikkhepeti pañcahi girīhi parikkhittattā ‘‘giriparikkhepo’’ti laddhanāme rājagahe.

Puggalasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Dutiyavaggo

1. Duggatasuttaṃ

134. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhu āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Yaṃ, bhikkhave, passeyyātha duggataṃ durūpetaṃ niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ – ‘amhehipi evarūpaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ iminā dīghena addhunā’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu…pe… yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ alaṃ virajjituṃ alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

134. Dutiyavaggassa paṭhame duggatanti daliddaṃ kapaṇaṃ. Durūpetanti dussaṇṭhānehi hatthapādehi upetaṃ. Paṭhamaṃ.

134. Duggatanti kicchajīvikattā sabbathā dukkhaṃ gataṃ upagataṃ. Tathābhūto pana daliddo varāko nāma hotīti vuttaṃ **‘‘daliddaṃ kapaṇa’’**nti. Hatthapādehīti nidassanamattaṃ, aññehipi sarīrāvayavehi dussaṇṭhānehi upeto durupeto evāti.

Duggatasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Sukhitasuttaṃ

135. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… yaṃ, bhikkhave, passeyyātha sukhitaṃ susajjitaṃ, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ – ‘amhehipi evarūpaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ iminā dīghena addhunā’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

135. Dutiye sukhitanti sukhasamappitaṃ mahaddhanaṃ mahābhogaṃ. Susajjitanti alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ hatthikkhandhagataṃ mahāparivāraṃ. Dutiyaṃ.

135. Sukhitanti sañjātasukhaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘sukhasamappita’’**ntiādi. Susajjitanti sukhumupakaraṇehi sabbathā sajjitaṃ.

Sukhitasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Tiṃsamattasuttaṃ

136. Rājagahe viharati veḷuvane. Atha kho tiṃsamattā pāveyyakā pāṭheyyakā (katthaci) vinayapiṭake mahāvagge kathinakkhandhakepi bhikkhū sabbe āraññikā sabbe piṇḍapātikā sabbe paṃsukūlikā sabbe tecīvarikā sabbe sasaṃyojanā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi – ‘‘ime kho tiṃsamattā pāveyyakā bhikkhū sabbe āraññikā sabbe piṇḍapātikā sabbe paṃsukūlikā sabbe tecīvarikā sabbe sasaṃyojanā. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imesaṃ tathā dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ yathā nesaṃ imasmiṃyeva āsane anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucceyyu’’nti. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vā vo iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, yaṃ vā catūsu mahāsamuddesu udaka’’nti? ‘‘Yathā kho mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānāma, etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yaṃ no iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udaka’’nti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhave, sādhu kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha. Etadeva, bhikkhave, bahutaraṃ, yaṃ vo iminā dīghena addhunā sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakaṃ. Dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, gunnaṃ sataṃ gobhūtānaṃ sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakaṃ. Dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, mahiṃsānaṃ mahisānaṃ (sī. pī.) sataṃ mahiṃsabhūtānaṃ sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ …pe… dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, urabbhānaṃ sataṃ urabbhabhūtānaṃ…pe… ajānaṃ sataṃ ajabhūtānaṃ… migānaṃ sataṃ migabhūtānaṃ… kukkuṭānaṃ sataṃ kukkuṭabhūtānaṃ… sūkarānaṃ sataṃ sūkarabhūtānaṃ… dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, corā gāmaghātāti gahetvā sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ. Dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, corā pāripanthikāti gahetvā sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ. Dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, corā pāradārikāti gahetvā sīsacchinnānaṃ lohitaṃ passannaṃ paggharitaṃ, na tveva catūsu mahāsamuddesu udakaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti.

‘‘Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne tiṃsamattānaṃ pāveyyakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsū’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

136. Tatiye pāveyyakāti pāveyyadesavāsino. Sabbe āraññikātiādīsu dhutaṅgasamādānavasena tesaṃ āraññikādibhāvo veditabbo. Sabbe sasaṃyojanāti sabbe sabandhanā, keci sotāpannā, keci sakadāgāmino, keci anāgāmino. Tesu hi puthujjano vā khīṇāsavo vā natthi. Gunnantiādīsu setakāḷādivaṇṇesu ekekavaṇṇakālova gahetabbo. Pāripanthakāti paripanthe tiṭṭhanakā panthaghātacorā. Pāradārikāti paradāracārittaṃ āpajjanakā. Tatiyaṃ.

136. Dhutaṅgasamādānavasena, na araññavāsādimattena. Sasaṃyojanā sabbaso saṃyojanānaṃ appahīnattā, na puthujjanabhāvato. Ekekavaṇṇakālova gahetabboti etena mahiṃsādīnaṃ rassadīghapiṅgalādīsu ekekāneva gahetvā dasseti.

Tiṃsamattasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Mātusuttaṃ

137. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… na so, bhikkhave, satto sulabharūpo yo namātābhūtapubbo iminā dīghena addhunā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Pitusuttaṃ

138. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro…pe… na so, bhikkhave, satto sulabharūpo yo napitābhūtapubbo …pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Bhātusuttaṃ

139. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘na so, bhikkhave, satto sulabharūpo yo nabhātābhūtapubbo…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Bhaginisuttaṃ

140. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘na so, bhikkhave, satto sulabharūpo yo nabhaginibhūtapubbo…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Puttasuttaṃ

141. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘na so, bhikkhave, satto sulabharūpo yo naputtabhūtapubbo…pe… alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Dhītusuttaṃ

142. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Na so, bhikkhave, satto sulabharūpo yo na dhītābhūtapubbo iminā dīghena addhunā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Evaṃ dīgharattaṃ vo, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ tibbaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ byasanaṃ paccanubhūtaṃ, kaṭasī vaḍḍhitā. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti. Navamaṃ.

137-142. Catutthādīsu liṅganiyamena ceva cakkavāḷaniyamena ca attho veditabbo. Purisānañhi mātugāmakālo, mātugāmānañca purisakāloti evamettha liṅganiyamo. Imamhā cakkavāḷā sattā paracakkavāḷaṃ, paracakkavāḷā ca imaṃ cakkavāḷaṃ saṃsaranti. Tesu imasmiṃ cakkavāḷe mātugāmakāle mātubhūtaññeva dassento yo namātābhūtapubboti āha. Yo napitābhūtapubbotiādīsupi eseva nayo. Catutthādīni.

137-142. Liṅganiyamena ceva cakkavāḷaniyamena cāti ‘‘purisānañhi mātugāmakālo, mātugāmānañca purisakālo’’ti yathā sattasantāne liṅganiyamo natthi, evaṃ kadāci imasmiṃ cakkavāḷe nibbattanti, kadāci aññatarasminti cakkavāḷaniyamopi natthi. Evameva ṭhite

Cakkavāḷe mātugāmakāle namātābhūtapubbo natthītiādinā liṅganiyamena cakkavāḷaniyamo ca veditabbo. Tenāha **‘‘tesū’’**tiādi.

Mātusuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Vepullapabbatasuttaṃ

143. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro. Pubbā koṭi na paññāyati avijjānīvaraṇānaṃ sattānaṃ taṇhāsaṃyojanānaṃ sandhāvataṃ saṃsarataṃ. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, imassa vepullassa pabbatassa ‘pācīnavaṃso’tveva samaññā udapādi. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena manussānaṃ ‘tivarā’tveva samaññā udapādi. Tivarānaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ cattārīsa vassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Tivarā, bhikkhave, manussā pācīnavaṃsaṃ pabbataṃ catūhena ārohanti, catūhena orohanti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena kakusandho bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno hoti. Kakusandhassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa vidhurasañjīvaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Passatha, bhikkhave, sā cevimassa pabbatassa samaññā antarahitā, te ca manussā kālaṅkatā, so ca bhagavā parinibbuto. Evaṃ aniccā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; evaṃ addhuvā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; evaṃ anassāsikā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccituṃ.

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, imassa vepullassa pabbatassa ‘vaṅkako’tveva samaññā udapādi. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena manussānaṃ ‘rohitassā’tveva samaññā udapādi. Rohitassānaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ tiṃsavassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Rohitassā, bhikkhave, manussā vaṅkakaṃ pabbataṃ tīhena ārohanti, tīhena orohanti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena koṇāgamano bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno hoti. Koṇāgamanassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa bhiyyosuttaraṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Passatha, bhikkhave, sā cevimassa pabbatassa samaññā antarahitā, te ca manussā kālaṅkatā, so ca bhagavā parinibbuto. Evaṃ aniccā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā…pe… alaṃ vimuccituṃ.

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, imassa vepullassa pabbatassa ‘supasso’tveva suphassotveva (sī.) samaññā udapādi. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena manussānaṃ ‘suppiyā’tveva appiyātveva (sī.) samaññā udapādi. Suppiyānaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ vīsativassasahassāni āyuppamāṇaṃ ahosi. Suppiyā, bhikkhave, manussā supassaṃ pabbataṃ dvīhena ārohanti, dvīhena orohanti. Tena kho pana, bhikkhave, samayena kassapo bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno hoti. Kassapassa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa tissabhāradvājaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ ahosi aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Passatha, bhikkhave, sā cevimassa pabbatassa samaññā antarahitā, te ca manussā kālaṅkatā, so ca bhagavā parinibbuto. Evaṃ aniccā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; evaṃ addhuvā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā…pe… alaṃ vimuccituṃ.

‘‘Etarahi kho pana, bhikkhave, imassa vepullassa pabbatassa ‘vepullo’tveva samaññā udapādi. Etarahi kho pana, bhikkhave, imesaṃ manussānaṃ ‘māgadhakā’tveva samaññā udapādi. Māgadhakānaṃ, bhikkhave, manussānaṃ appakaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ parittaṃ lahukaṃ lahusaṃ (sī.); yo ciraṃ jīvati so vassasataṃ appaṃ vā bhiyyo. Māgadhakā, bhikkhave, manussā vepullaṃ pabbataṃ muhuttena ārohanti muhuttena orohanti. Etarahi kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho loke uppanno. Mayhaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, sāriputtamoggallānaṃ nāma sāvakayugaṃ aggaṃ bhaddayugaṃ. Bhavissati, bhikkhave, so samayo yā ayañcevimassa pabbatassa samaññā antaradhāyissati, ime ca manussā kālaṃ karissanti, ahañca parinibbāyissāmi. Evaṃ aniccā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; evaṃ addhuvā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā; evaṃ anassāsikā, bhikkhave, saṅkhārā. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, alameva sabbasaṅkhāresu nibbindituṃ, alaṃ virajjituṃ, alaṃ vimuccitu’’nti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Pācīnavaṃso tivarānaṃ, rohitassāna vaṅkako;

Suppiyānaṃ supassoti, māgadhānañca vepullo.

‘‘Aniccā vata saṅkhārā, uppādavayadhammino;

Uppajjitvā nirujjhanti, tesaṃ vūpasamo sukho’’ti. dasamaṃ;

Dutiyo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Duggataṃ sukhitañceva, tiṃsa mātāpitena ca;

Bhātā bhaginī putto ca, dhītā vepullapabbataṃ.

Anamataggasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

143. Dasame bhūtapubbanti atītakāle ekaṃ apadānaṃ āharitvā dasseti. Samaññā udapādīti paññatti ahosi. Catūhena ārohantīti idaṃ thāmamajjhime sandhāya vuttaṃ. Agganti uttamaṃ. Bhaddayuganti sundarayugalaṃ. Tīhena ārohantīti ettāvatā kira dvinnaṃ buddhānaṃ antare yojanaṃ pathavī ussannā, so pabbato tiyojanubbedho jāto.

Appaṃ vā bhiyyoti vassasatato uttariṃ appaṃ dasa vā vīsaṃ vā vassāni. Puna vassasatameva jīvanako nāma natthi, uttamakoṭiyā pana saṭṭhi vā asīti vā vassāni jīvanti. Vassasataṃ pana appatvā pañcavassadasavassādikāle mīyamānāva bahukā. Ettha ca kakusandho bhagavā cattālīsavassasahassāyukakāle, koṇāgamano tiṃsavassasahassāyukakāle nibbattoti idaṃ anupubbena parihīnasadisaṃ kataṃ, na pana evaṃ parihīnaṃ, vaḍḍhitvā vaḍḍhitvā parihīnanti veditabbaṃ. Kathaṃ? Kakusandho tāva bhagavā imasmiṃyeva kappe cattālīsavassasahassāyukakāle nibbatto āyuppamāṇaṃ pañca koṭṭhāse katvā cattāro ṭhatvā pañcame vijjamāneyeva parinibbuto. Taṃ āyu parihāyamānaṃ dasavassakālaṃ patvā puna vaḍḍhamānaṃ asaṅkheyyaṃ hutvā tato parihāyamānaṃ tiṃsavassasahassāyukakāle ṭhitaṃ, tadā koṇāgamano nibbatto. Tasmimpi tatheva parinibbute taṃ āyu dasavassakālaṃ patvā puna vaḍḍhamānaṃ asaṅkheyyaṃ hutvā parihāyitvā vīsavassasahassakāle ṭhitaṃ, tadā kassapo bhagavā nibbatto. Tasmimpi tatheva parinibbute taṃ āyu dasavassakālaṃ patvā puna vaḍḍhamānaṃ asaṅkheyyaṃ hutvā parihāyitvā vassasatakālaṃ pattaṃ, atha amhākaṃ sammāsambuddho nibbatto. Evaṃ anupubbena parihāyitvā vaḍḍhitvā vaḍḍhitvā parihīnanti veditabbaṃ. Tattha ca yaṃ āyuparimāṇesu mandesu buddhā nibbattanti, tesampi tadeva āyuparimāṇaṃ hotīti. Dasamaṃ.

Dutiyo vaggo.

Anamataggasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

143. Ekaṃ apadānaṃ āharitvā dasseti ‘‘evaṃ saṃvegaṃ janetvā bhikkhū visesaṃ pāpessāmī’’ti. Catūhena ārohanti catuyojanubbedhattā. Dvinnaṃ buddhānanti kakusandhassa koṇāgamanassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ buddhānaṃ. ‘‘Tivarā rohitassā suppiyā’’ti manussānaṃ tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle samaññā tattha desanāmavasena jātāti veditabbā, yathā etarahi māgadhāti.

Puna vassasatanti paṭhamavassasatato uparivassasataṃ jīvanako nāma manusso natthi. Parihīnasadisaṃ kataṃ desanāya. Vaḍḍhitvāti dasavassāyukabhāvato paṭṭhāya yāva asaṅkhyeyyāyukabhāvā vaḍḍhitvā. ‘‘Parihīna’’nti vatvā taṃ parihīnabhāvaṃ dassento **‘‘katha’’**ntiādimāha. Yaṃ āyuppamāṇesūti yattakaṃ āyuppamāṇesūti.

5. Kassapasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Santuṭṭhasuttaṃ

144. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘santuṭṭhāyaṃ santuṭṭhoyaṃ (sī.), bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhito agathito (sī.) amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati’’.

‘‘Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena piṇḍapātena, itarītarapiṇḍapātasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca piṇḍapātahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca piṇḍapātaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.

‘‘Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena senāsanena, itarītarasenāsanasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca senāsanahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca senāsanaṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca senāsanaṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.

‘‘Santuṭṭhāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kassapo itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, itarītaragilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī; na ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjati; aladdhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ na paritassati; laddhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ agadhito amucchito anajjhāpanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena cīvarena, itarītaracīvarasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino; na ca cīvarahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjissāma; aladdhā ca cīvaraṃ na ca paritassissāma; laddhā ca cīvaraṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhāpannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjissāma’’’. (Evaṃ sabbaṃ kātabbaṃ).

‘‘‘Santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena piṇḍapātena…pe… santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena senāsanena…pe… santuṭṭhā bhavissāma itarītarena gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārena, itarītaragilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārasantuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino; na ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārahetu anesanaṃ appatirūpaṃ āpajjissāma aladdhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ na paritassissāma; laddhā ca gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhāraṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhāpannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabbaṃ. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa yo vā pana (sī.), yo vā (pī.) kassapasadiso, ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

144. Kassapasaṃyuttassa paṭhame santuṭṭhāyanti santuṭṭho ayaṃ. Itarītarenāti na thūlasukhumalūkhapaṇītathirajiṇṇānaṃ yena kenaci, atha kho yathāladdhādīnaṃ itarītarena yena kenaci santuṭṭhoti attho. Cīvarasmiñhi tayo santosā yathālābhasantoso yathābalasantoso yathāsāruppasantosoti. Piṇḍapātādīsupi eseva nayo.

Tesaṃ ayaṃ pabhedasaṃvaṇṇanā – idha bhikkhu cīvaraṃ labhati sundaraṃ vā asundaraṃ vā, so teneva yāpeti, aññaṃ na pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhāti. Ayamassa cīvare yathālābhasantoso. Atha pana pakatidubbalo vā hoti ābādhajarābhibhūto vā, garucīvaraṃ pārupanto kilamati, so sabhāgena bhikkhunā saddhiṃ taṃ parivattetvā lahukena yāpentopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa cīvare yathābalasantoso. Aparo paṇītapaccayalābhī hoti, so paṭṭacīvarādīnaṃ aññataraṃ mahagghacīvaraṃ bahūni vā cīvarāni labhitvā – ‘‘idaṃ therānaṃ cirapabbajitānaṃ, idaṃ bahussutānaṃ anurūpaṃ, idaṃ gilānānaṃ, idaṃ appalābhīnaṃ hotū’’ti datvā tesaṃ purāṇacīvaraṃ vā saṅkārakūṭādito vā pana nantakāni uccinitvā tehi saṅghāṭiṃ katvā dhārentopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa cīvare yathāsāruppasantoso.

Idha pana bhikkhu piṇḍapātaṃ labhati lūkhaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā, so teneva yāpeti, aññaṃ na pattheti, labhantopi na gaṇhāti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte yathālābha santoso. Yo pana attano pakativiruddhaṃ vā byādhiviruddhaṃ vā piṇḍapātaṃ labhati, yenassa paribhuttena aphāsu hoti, so sabhāgassa bhikkhuno taṃ datvā tassa hatthato sappāyabhojanaṃ bhutvā samaṇadhammaṃ karontopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte yathābalasantoso. Aparo bahuṃ paṇītaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ labhati, so taṃ cīvaraṃ viya cirapabbajita-bahussuta-appalābhagilānānaṃ datvā, tesaṃ vā sesakaṃ piṇḍāya vā caritvā missakāhāraṃ bhuñjantopi santuṭṭhova hoti. Ayamassa piṇḍapāte yathāsāruppasantoso.

2. Anottappīsuttaṃ

145. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca sāriputto bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākassapena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘vuccati hidaṃ, āvuso kassapa, anātāpī anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya; ātāpī ca kho ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti.

‘‘Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, anātāpī hoti anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya; kittāvatā ca panāvuso, ātāpī hoti ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti? ‘‘Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti, ‘anuppannā me kusalā dhammānuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ātappaṃ karoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anātāpī hoti’’.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, anottappī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati, ‘anuppannā me kusalā dhammānuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati, ‘uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti na ottappati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anottappī hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, anātāpī anottappī abhabbo sambodhāya abhabbo nibbānāya abhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, ātāpī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karoti, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ātappaṃ karoti, anuppannā me kusalā dhammā…pe… ātappaṃ karoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ātāpī hoti.

‘‘Kathañcāvuso, ottappī hoti? Idhāvuso, bhikkhu ‘anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati, ‘uppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati, ‘anuppannā me kusalā dhammā anuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati, ‘uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’nti ottappati. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ottappī hoti. Evaṃ kho, āvuso, ātāpī ottappī bhabbo sambodhāya bhabbo nibbānāya bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāyā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

145. Dutiye anātāpīti yaṃ vīriyaṃ kilese ātapati, tena rahito. Anottappīti nibbhayo kilesuppattito kusalānuppattito ca bhayarahito. Sambodhāyāti sambujjhanatthāya. Nibbānāyāti nibbānasacchikiriyāya. Anuttarassa yogakkhemassāti arahattassa tañhi anuttarañceva catūhi ca yogehi khemaṃ.

Anuppannātiādīsu ye pubbe appaṭiladdhapubbaṃ cīvarādiṃ vā paccayaṃ upaṭṭhākasaddhivihārika-antevāsīnaṃ vā aññatarato manuññavatthuṃ paṭilabhitvā taṃ subhaṃ sukhanti ayoniso gaṇhantassa aññataraṃ vā pana ananubhūtapubbaṃ ārammaṇaṃ yathā tathā vā ayoniso āvajjentassa lobhādayo pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjanti, te anuppannāti veditabbā. Aññathā hi anamatagge saṃsāre anuppannā nāma pāpakā dhammā natthi. Anubhūtapubbepi ca vatthumhi ārammaṇe vā yassa pakatibuddhiyā vā uddesaparipucchāya vā pariyattinavakammayonisomanasikārānaṃ vā aññataravasena pubbe anuppajjitvā pacchā tādisena paccayena sahasā uppajjanti, imepi ‘‘anuppannā uppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’’nti veditabbā. Tesuyeva pana vatthārammaṇesu punappunaṃ uppajjamānā nappahīyanti nāma, te ‘‘uppannā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyu’’nti veditabbā. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthārato pana uppannānuppannabhedo ca pahānappahānavidhānañca sabbaṃ visuddhimagge ñāṇadassanavisuddhiniddese kathitaṃ.

Anuppannā me kusalā dhammāti appaṭiladdhāpi sīlasamādhimaggaphalasaṅkhātā anavajjadhammā. Uppannāti teyeva paṭiladdhā. Nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti te sīlādidhammā parihānivasena puna anuppattiyā nirujjhamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti veditabbā. Ettha ca lokiyā parihāyanti, lokuttarānaṃ parihāni natthīti. ‘‘Uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā’’ti imassa pana sammappadhānassa vasenāyaṃ desanā katā. Dutiyamaggo vā sīghaṃ anuppajjamāno, paṭhamamaggo nirujjhamāno anatthāya saṃvatteyyāti evampettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Iti imasmiṃ sutte ime cattāro sammappadhānā pubbabhāgavipassanāvasena kathitāti. Dutiyaṃ.

145. Tena rahitoti tena sammāvāyāmena rahito. Nibbhayoti bhayarahito. Kusalānuppādanampi hi sāvajjameva aññāṇālasiyahetukattā. Sambujjhanatthāyāti ariyamaggehi sambujjhanāya. Yogehi khemaṃ tehi anupaddutattā.

3. Candūpamasuttaṃ

146. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘candūpamā, bhikkhave, kulāni upasaṅkamatha – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavakā kulesu appagabbhā appagabbā (ka.). Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso jarudapānaṃ vā olokeyya pabbatavisamaṃ vā nadīviduggaṃ vā – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ; evameva kho, bhikkhave, candūpamā kulāni upasaṅkamatha – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavakā kulesu appagabbhā’’.

‘‘Kassapo, bhikkhave, candūpamo kulāni upasaṅkamati – apakasseva kāyaṃ, apakassa cittaṃ, niccanavako kulesu appagabbho. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu arahati kulāni upasaṅkamitu’’nti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā ākāse pāṇiṃ cālesi. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayaṃ ākāse pāṇi na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno kulāni upasaṅkamato kulesu cittaṃ na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati – ‘labhantu lābhakāmā, puññakāmā karontu puññānī’ti; yathāsakena lābhena attamano hoti sumano, evaṃ paresaṃ lābhena attamano hoti sumano; evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahati kulāni upasaṅkamituṃ.

‘‘Kassapassa, bhikkhave, kulāni upasaṅkamato kulesu cittaṃ na sajjati na gayhati na bajjhati – ‘labhantu lābhakāmā, puññakāmā karontu puññānī’ti; yathāsakena lābhena attamano hoti sumano; evaṃ paresaṃ lābhena attamano hoti sumano.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpassa bhikkhuno aparisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti, kathaṃrūpassa bhikkhuno parisuddhā dhammadesanā hotī’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘aho vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ pasīdeyyuṃ, pasannā ca me pasannākāraṃ kareyyu’nti; evarūpassa kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno aparisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti.

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti viññūhi (?). Aho, vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ ājāneyyuṃ, ājānitvā ca pana tathattāya paṭipajjeyyu’nti. Iti dhammasudhammataṃ paṭicca paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, kāruññaṃ paṭicca anuddayaṃ anudayaṃ (bahūsu) dvittakāraṇaṃ pana gavesitabbaṃ paṭicca anukampaṃ upādāya paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Evarūpassa kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno parisuddhā dhammadesanā hoti.

‘‘Kassapo, bhikkhave, evaṃcitto paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhīti. Aho, vata me dhammaṃ suṇeyyuṃ, sutvā ca pana dhammaṃ ājāneyyuṃ, ājānitvā ca pana tathattāya paṭipajjeyyu’nti. Iti dhammasudhammataṃ paṭicca paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, kāruññaṃ paṭicca anuddayaṃ paṭicca anukampaṃ upādāya paresaṃ dhammaṃ deseti. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa kassapasadiso, ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

146. Tatiye candūpamāti candasadisā hutvā. Kiṃ parimaṇḍalatāya? No, apica kho yathā cando gaganatalaṃ pakkhandamāno na kenaci saddhiṃ santhavaṃ vā sinehaṃ vā ālayaṃ vā nikantiṃ vā patthanaṃ vā pariyuṭṭhānaṃ vā karoti, na ca na hoti mahājanassa piyo manāpo, tumhepi evaṃ kenaci saddhiṃ santhavādīnaṃ akaraṇena bahujanassa piyā manāpā candūpamā hutvā khattiyakulādīni cattāri kulāni upasaṅkamathāti attho. Apica yathā cando andhakāraṃ vidhamati, ālokaṃ pharati, evaṃ kilesandhakāravidhamanena ñāṇālokapharaṇena cāpi candūpamā hutvāti evamādīhipi nayehi ettha attho daṭṭhabbo.

Apakasseva kāyaṃ apakassa cittanti teneva santhavādīnaṃ akaraṇena kāyañca cittañca apakassitvā, apanetvāti attho. Yo hi bhikkhu araññepi na vasati, kāmavitakkādayopi vitakketi, ayaṃ neva kāyaṃ apakassati, na cittaṃ. Yo hi araññepi kho viharati, kāmavitakkādayo pana vitakketi, ayaṃ kāyameva apakassati, na cittaṃ. Yo gāmante vasati, kāmavitakkādayopi kho na ca vitakketi, ayaṃ cittameva apakassati, na kāyaṃ. Yo pana araññe ceva vasati, kāmavitakkādayo ca na vitakketi, ayaṃ ubhayampi apakassati. Evarūpā hutvā kulāni upasaṅkamathāti dīpento ‘‘apakasseva kāyaṃ apakassa citta’’nti āha.

Niccanavakāti niccaṃ navakāva, āgantukasadisā eva hutvāti attho. Āgantuko hi paṭipāṭiyā sampattagehaṃ pavisitvā sace naṃ gharasāmikā disvā, ‘‘amhākaṃ puttabhātaro vippavāsaṃ gatā evaṃ vicariṃsū’’ti anukampamānā nisīdāpetvā bhojenti, bhuttamattoyeva ‘‘tumhākaṃ bhājanaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti uṭṭhāya pakkamati, na tehi saddhiṃ santhavaṃ vā karoti, na kiccakaraṇīyāni vā saṃvidahati, evaṃ tumhepi paṭipāṭiyā sampattagharaṃ pavisitvā yaṃ iriyāpathesu pasannā manussā denti, taṃ gahetvā chinnasanthavā, tesaṃ kiccakaraṇīye abyāvaṭā hutvā nikkhamathāti dīpeti.

Imassa pana niccanavakabhāvassa āvibhāvatthaṃ dvebhātikavatthu kathetabbaṃ – vasāḷanagaragāmato kira dve bhātikā nikkhamitvā pabbajitā, te cūḷanāgatthero ca mahānāgatthero cāti paññāyiṃsu. Te cittalapabbate tiṃsa vassāni vasitvā arahattaṃ pattā ‘‘mātaraṃ passissāmā’’ti āgantvā vasāḷanagaravihāre vasitvā punadivase mātugāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu. Mātāpi tesaṃ uḷuṅkena yāguṃ nīharitvā ekassa patte ākiri. Tassā taṃ olokayamānāya puttasineho uppajji. Atha naṃ āha – ‘‘tvaṃ, tāta, mayhaṃ putto mahānāgo’’ti. Thero ‘‘pacchimaṃ theraṃ puccha upāsike’’ti vatvā pakkāmi. Pacchimatherassapi yāguṃ datvā, ‘‘tāta, tvaṃ mayhaṃ putto cūḷanāgo’’ti pucchi? Thero ‘‘kiṃ, upāsike, purimaṃ theraṃ na pucchasī’’ti? Vatvā pakkāmi. Evaṃ mātarāpi saddhiṃ chinnasanthavo bhikkhu niccanavako nāma hoti.

4. Kulūpakasuttaṃ

147. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu arahati kulūpako hotuṃ, kathaṃrūpo bhikkhu na arahati kulūpako hotu’’nti? Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā…pe… bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – ‘dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; sīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca’nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti, tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ…pe… lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ… dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ, tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena bhikkhu sandīyati; so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na arahati kūlūpako hotuṃ.

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – ‘taṃ kutettha labbhā parakulesu – dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; dīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca’nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena bhikkhu na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Evarūpo kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahati kulūpako hotuṃ.

‘‘Kassapo, bhikkhave, evaṃcitto kulāni upasaṅkamati – ‘taṃ kutettha labbhā parakulesu – dentuyeva me, mā nādaṃsu; bahukaññeva me dentu, mā thokaṃ; paṇītaññeva me dentu, mā lūkhaṃ; sīghaññeva me dentu, mā dandhaṃ; sakkaccaññeva me dentu, mā asakkacca’nti. Tassa ce, bhikkhave, kassapassa evaṃcittassa kulāni upasaṅkamato na denti; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Thokaṃ denti, no bahukaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Lūkhaṃ denti, no paṇītaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Dandhaṃ denti, no sīghaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Asakkaccaṃ denti, no sakkaccaṃ; tena kassapo na sandīyati; so na tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayati. Kassapena vā hi vo, bhikkhave, ovadissāmi yo vā panassa kassapasadiso. Ovaditehi ca pana vo tathattāya paṭipajjitabba’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

147. Catutthe kulūpakoti kulagharānaṃ upagantā. Dentuyeva meti dadantuyeva mayhaṃ. Sandīyatīti aṭṭīyati pīḷiyati. Sesamettha vuttanayānusāreneva veditabbaṃ. Catutthaṃ.

147. Kulāni upagacchatīti kulūpako. Sandīyatīti sabbaso dīyati, avakhaṇḍīyatīti attho. Sā pana avakhaṇḍiyanā dukkhāpanā aṭṭiyanā hotīti vuttaṃ **‘‘aṭṭīyatī’’**ti. Tenāha bhagavā ‘‘so tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedayatī’’ti. Vuttanayānusārena heṭṭhā vuttanayassa anusaraṇena.

Kulūpakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Jiṇṇasuttaṃ

148. Evaṃ me sutaṃ…pe… rājagahe veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘jiṇṇosi dāni tvaṃ, kassapa, garukāni ca te imāni sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanāni. Tasmātiha tvaṃ, kassapa, gahapatāni gahapatikāni (sī.) ceva cīvarāni dhārehi, nimantanāni ca bhuñjāhi, mama ca santike viharāhī’’ti.

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, bhante, dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, paṃsukūliko ceva paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, tecīvariko ceva tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, appiccho ceva appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, santuṭṭho ceva santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, pavivitto ceva pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, asaṃsaṭṭho ceva asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa vīriyārabbhassa (ka.) ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.

‘‘Kiṃ kaṃ (ka.) pana tvaṃ, kassapa, atthavasaṃ sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti?

‘‘Dve khvāhaṃ, bhante, atthavase sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī. Attano ca diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāraṃ sampassamāno, pacchimañca janataṃ anukampamāno – ‘appeva nāma pacchimā janatā diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjeyyuṃ’ āpajjeyya (sī. syā. kaṃ.). ‘Ye kira te ahesuṃ buddhānubuddhasāvakā te dīgharattaṃ āraññikā ceva ahesuṃ āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino…pe… piṇḍapātikā ceva ahesuṃ …pe… paṃsukūlikā ceva ahesuṃ… tecīvarikā ceva ahesuṃ… appicchā ceva ahesuṃ… santuṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ… pavivittā ceva ahesuṃ… asaṃsaṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ… āraddhavīriyā ceva ahesuṃ vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādino’ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjissanti, tesaṃ taṃ bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya.

‘‘Ime khvāhaṃ, bhante, dve atthavase sampassamāno dīgharattaṃ āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, kassapa. Bahujanahitāya kira tvaṃ, kassapa, paṭipanno bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Tasmātiha tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni ceva paṃsukūlāni dhārehi nibbasanāni, piṇḍāya ca carāhi, araññe ca viharāhī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

148. Pañcame jiṇṇoti thero mahallako. Garukānīti taṃ satthu santikā laddhakālato paṭṭhāya chinnabhinnaṭṭhāne suttasaṃsibbanena ceva aggaḷadānena ca anekāni paṭalāni hutvā garukāni jātāni. Nibbasanānīti pubbe bhagavatā nivāsetvā apanītatāya evaṃladdhanāmāni. Tasmāti yasmā tvaṃ jiṇṇo ceva garupaṃsukūlo ca. Gahapatānīti paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ vissajjetvā gahapatīhi dinnacīvarāni dhārehīti vadati. Nimantanānīti piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ vissajjetvā salākabhattādīni nimantanāni bhuñjāhīti vadati. Mama ca santiketi āraññikaṅgaṃ vissajjetvā gāmantasenāsaneyeva vasāhīti vadati.

Nanu ca yathā rājā senāpatiṃ senāpatiṭṭhāne ṭhapetvā tassa rājūpaṭṭhānādinā attano kammena ārādhentasseva taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ gahetvā aññassa dadamāno ayuttaṃ nāma karoti, evaṃ satthā mahākassapattherassa paccuggamanatthāya tigāvutaṃ maggaṃ gantvā rājagahassa ca nāḷandāya ca antare bahuputtakarukkhamūle nisinno tīhi ovādehi upasampādetvā tena saddhiṃ attano cīvaraṃ parivattetvā theraṃ jātiāraññikaṅgañceva jātipaṃsukūlikaṅgañca akāsi, so tasmiṃ kattukamyatāchandena satthu cittaṃ ārādhentasseva paṃsukūlādīni vissajjāpetvā gahapaticīvarapaṭiggahaṇādīsu niyojento ayuttaṃ nāma karotīti. Na karoti. Kasmā? Attajjhāsayattā. Na hi satthā dhutaṅgāni vissajjāpetukāmo, yathā pana aghaṭṭitā bheriādayo saddaṃ na vissajjenti, evaṃ aghaṭṭitā evarūpā puggalā na sīhanādaṃ nadantīti nadāpetukāmo sīhanādajjhāsayena evamāha. Theropi satthu ajjhāsayānurūpeneva ‘‘ahaṃ kho, bhante, dīgharattaṃ āraññiko cevā’’tiādinā nayena sīhanādaṃ nadati.

Diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāranti diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāro nāma āraññikasseva labbhati, no gāmantavāsino. Gāmantasmiñhi vasanto dārakasaddaṃ suṇāti, asappāyarūpāni passati, asappāye sadde suṇāti, tenassa anabhirati uppajjati. Āraññiko pana gāvutaṃ vā aḍḍhayojanaṃ vā atikkamitvā araññaṃ ajjhogāhetvā vasanto dīpibyagghasīhādīnaṃ sadde suṇāti, yesaṃ savanapaccayā amānusikāsavanarati uppajjati. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ –

‘‘Suññāgāraṃ paviṭṭhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno;

Amānusī ratī hoti, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato.

6. Ovādasuttaṃ

149. Rājagahe veḷuvane. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa, bhikkhū ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā’’ti.

‘‘Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, akkhamā, appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṃ. Idhāhaṃ, bhante, addasaṃ bhaṇḍañca bhaṇḍuñca (sī.) nāma bhikkhuṃ ānandassa saddhivihāriṃ abhijikañca ābhiñjikañca (sī. ka.), ābhijjikañca (syā. kaṃ.) nāma bhikkhuṃ anuruddhassa saddhivihāriṃ aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadante – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena bhaṇḍañca bhikkhuṃ ānandassa saddhivihāriṃ abhijikañca bhikkhuṃ anuruddhassa saddhivihāriṃ āmantehi – ‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘satthā āyasmante āmantetī’’ti.

‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho te bhikkhū bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Kiṃ nu kho me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha – ‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘No ce kira me tumhe, bhikkhave, evaṃ dhammaṃ desitaṃ ājānātha, atha kiṃ carahi tumhe, moghapurisā, kiṃ jānantā kiṃ passantā evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadatha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’’’ti.

Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘accayo no, bhante, accagamā, yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale yathā bāle yathā mūḷhe yathā akusale (pī.), yathābālaṃ yathāmūḷhaṃ yathāakusalaṃ (?), ye mayaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadimha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’ti. Tesaṃ no, bhante, bhagavā accayaṃ accayato paṭiggaṇhātu āyatiṃ saṃvarāyā’’ti.

‘‘Taggha tumhe, bhikkhave, accayo accagamā yathābāle yathāmūḷhe yathāakusale, ye tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā aññamaññaṃ sutena accāvadittha – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissati, ko sundarataraṃ bhāsissati, ko cirataraṃ bhāsissatī’ti. Yato ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikarotha, taṃ vo mayaṃ mayaṃ accayaṃ (sī.) paṭiggaṇhāma. Vuddhi hesā, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yo accayaṃ accayato disvā yathādhammaṃ paṭikaroti āyatiñca saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

149. Chaṭṭhe ahaṃ vāti kasmā āha? Theraṃ attano ṭhāne ṭhapanatthaṃ. Kiṃ sāriputtamoggallānā natthīti? Atthi. Evaṃ panassa ahosi ‘‘ime na ciraṃ ṭhassanti, kassapo pana vīsavassasatāyuko, so mayi parinibbute sattapaṇṇiguhāyaṃ nisīditvā dhammavinayasaṅgahaṃ katvā mama sāsanaṃ pañcavassasahassaparimāṇakālapavattanakaṃ karissati, attano taṃ ṭhāne ṭhapemi, evaṃ bhikkhū kassapassa sussūsitabbaṃ maññissantī’’ti. Tasmā evamāha. Dubbacāti dukkhena vattabbā. Dovacassakaraṇehīti dubbacabhāvakaraṇehi. Appadakkhiṇaggāhinoti anusāsaniṃ sutvā padakkhiṇaṃ na gaṇhanti yathānusiṭṭhaṃ na paṭipajjanti, appaṭipajjantā vāmagāhino nāma jātāti dasseti. Accāvadanteti atikkamma vadante, sutapariyattiṃ nissāya ativiya vādaṃ karonteti attho. Ko bahutaraṃ bhāsissatīti dhammaṃ kathento ko bahuṃ bhāsissati, kiṃ tvaṃ, udāhu ahanti? Ko sundarataranti, eko bahuṃ bhāsanto asahitaṃ amadhuraṃ bhāsati, eko sahitaṃ madhuraṃ, taṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘ko sundaratara’’nti? Eko pana bahuñca sundarañca kathento ciraṃ na bhāsati, lahuññeva uṭṭhāti, eko addhānaṃ pāpeti, taṃ sandhāyāha ‘‘ko ciratara’’nti? Chaṭṭhaṃ.

149. Attano ṭhāneti sabrahmacārīnaṃ ovādakaviññāpakabhāvena attano mahāsāvakaṭṭhāne ṭhapanatthaṃ. Atha vā yasmā ‘‘ahaṃ dāni na ciraṃ ṭhassāmi, tathā sāriputtamoggallānā, ayaṃ pana vīsaṃvassatāyuko, ovadanto anusāsanto mamaccayena bhikkhūnaṃ mayā kātabbakiccaṃ karissatī’’ti adhippāyena bhagavā imaṃ desanaṃ ārabhi. Tasmā attano ṭhāneti satthārā kātabbaovādadāyakaṭṭhāne. Tenāha **‘‘evaṃ panassā’’**tiādi. Yathāha bhagavā ‘‘ovada, kassapa…pe… tvaṃ vā’’ti. Dukkhena vattabbā appadakkhiṇaggāhibhāvato. Dubbacabhāvakaraṇehīti kodhūpanāhādīhi. Anusāsaniyā padakkhiṇaggahaṇaṃ nāma anudhammacaraṇaṃ, chinnapaṭipatti katā vāmaggāho nāmāti āha **‘‘anusāsani’’**ntiādi. Atikkamma vadanteti aññamaññaṃ atikkamitvā atimaññitvā vadante. Bahuṃ bhāsissatīti dhammaṃ kathento ko vipulaṃ katvā kathessati. Asahitanti pubbenāparaṃ nasahitaṃ hetupamāvirahitaṃ. Amadhuranti na madhuraṃ na kaṇṇasukhaṃ na pemanīyaṃ. Lahuññeva uṭṭhāti appavattanena kūlaṭṭhānaṃ viya tassa kathanaṃ.

Ovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Dutiyaovādasuttaṃ

150. Rājagahe viharati veḷuvane sāvatthi, tatra-etadavoca (sī.). Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami…pe… ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa, bhikkhū ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā’’ti.

‘‘Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā akkhamā appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsaniṃ. Yassa kassaci, bhante, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī hiri (sabbattha) natthi kusalesu dhammesu, ottappaṃ natthi kusalesu dhammesu, vīriyaṃ natthi kusalesu dhammesu, paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati āgacchanti (sī.), hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena, hāyati maṇḍalena, hāyati ābhāya, hāyati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, bhante, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi … vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi… kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.

‘‘‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘ahiriko purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘anottappī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘kusīto purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘duppañño purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘kodhano purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘upanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ; ‘na santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, bhante, parihānametaṃ.

‘‘Yassa kassaci, bhante, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi kusalesu dhammesu, ottappaṃ atthi kusalesu dhammesu, vīriyaṃ atthi kusalesu dhammesu, paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena, vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena, vaḍḍhati ābhāya, vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, bhante, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu… hirī atthi…pe… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

‘‘‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘hirimā purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘ottappī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘āraddhavīriyo purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘paññavā purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘akkodhano purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘anupanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, bhante, aparihānametaṃ; ‘santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, bhante, aparihānameta’’nti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, kassapa. Yassa kassaci, kassapa, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, kassapa, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena…pe… hāyati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, kassapa, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī natthi… ottappaṃ natthi… vīriyaṃ natthi… paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi. ‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ; ahiriko…pe… anottappī… kusīto… duppañño… kodhano… ‘upanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ; ‘na santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, kassapa, parihānametaṃ.

‘‘Yassa kassaci, kassapa, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu…pe… hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, kassapa, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena, vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena, vaḍḍhati ābhāya, vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena. Evameva kho, kassapa, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu hirī atthi… ottappaṃ atthi… vīriyaṃ atthi… paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no parihāni.

‘‘‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, aparihānametaṃ; hirimā…pe… ottappī… āraddhavīriyo… paññavā… akkodhano… ‘anupanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, kassapa, aparihānametaṃ; ‘santi bhikkhū ovādakā’ti, kassapa, aparihānameta’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

150. Sattame saddhāti okappanasaddhā. Vīriyanti kāyikacetasikaṃ vīriyaṃ. Paññāti kusaladhammajānanapaññā. Na santi bhikkhū ovādakāti imassa puggalassa ovādakā anusāsakā kalyāṇamittā natthīti idaṃ, bhante, parihānanti dasseti. Sattamaṃ.

150. Okappanasaddhāti saddheyyavatthuṃ ogāhitvā ‘‘evameta’’nti kappanasaddhā. Kusaladhammajānanapaññāti anavajjadhammānaṃ sabbaso jānanapaññā. Parihānanti sabbāhi sampattīhi parihānaṃ. Na hi kalyāṇamittarahitassa kāci sampatti nāma atthīti.

Dutiyaovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Tatiyaovādasuttaṃ

151. Rājagahe kalandakanivāpe sāvatthi, ārāme (sī.). Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘ovada, kassapa, bhikkhū; karohi, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ. Ahaṃ vā, kassapa, bhikkhūnaṃ ovadeyyaṃ tvaṃ vā; ahaṃ vā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kareyyaṃ tvaṃ vā’’ti.

‘‘Dubbacā kho, bhante, etarahi bhikkhū, dovacassakaraṇehi dhammehi samannāgatā, akkhamā, appadakkhiṇaggāhino anusāsanī’’nti. ‘‘Tathā hi pana, kassapa, pubbe therā bhikkhū āraññikā ceva ahesuṃ āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, piṇḍapātikā ceva ahesuṃ piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, paṃsukūlikā ceva ahesuṃ paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, tecīvarikā ceva ahesuṃ tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādino, appicchā ceva ahesuṃ appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādino, santuṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādino, pavivittā ceva ahesuṃ pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādino, asaṃsaṭṭhā ceva ahesuṃ asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādino, āraddhavīriyā ceva ahesuṃ vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādino.

‘‘Tatra yo hoti bhikkhu āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva piṇḍapātikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, paṃsukūliko ceva paṃsukūlikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, tecīvariko ceva tecīvarikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, appiccho ceva appicchatāya ca vaṇṇavādī, santuṭṭho ceva santuṭṭhiyā ca vaṇṇavādī, pavivitto ceva pavivekassa ca vaṇṇavādī, asaṃsaṭṭho ceva asaṃsaggassa ca vaṇṇavādī, āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sikkhākāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’’’ti.

‘‘Tatra, kassapa, navānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘yo kira so hoti bhikkhu āraññiko ceva āraññikattassa ca vaṇṇavādī, piṇḍapātiko ceva…pe… paṃsukūliko ceva… tecīvariko ceva… appiccho ceva… santuṭṭho ceva… pavivitto ceva… asaṃsaṭṭho ceva… āraddhavīriyo ceva vīriyārambhassa ca vaṇṇavādī, taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sikkhākāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjanti; tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya.

‘‘Etarahi pana, kassapa, therā bhikkhū na ceva āraññikā na ca āraññikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva piṇḍapātikā na ca piṇḍapātikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva paṃsukūlikā na ca paṃsukūlikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva tecīvarikā na ca tecīvarikattassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva appicchā na ca appicchatāya vaṇṇavādino, na ceva santuṭṭhā na ca santuṭṭhiyā vaṇṇavādino, na ceva pavivittā na ca pavivekassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva asaṃsaṭṭhā na ca asaṃsaggassa vaṇṇavādino, na ceva āraddhavīriyā na ca vīriyārambhassa vaṇṇavādino.

‘‘Tatra yo hoti bhikkhu ñāto yasassī lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ‘ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sabrahmacārikāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’’’ti.

‘‘Tatra, kassapa, navānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ evaṃ hoti – ‘yo kira so hoti bhikkhu ñāto yasassī lābhī cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ taṃ therā bhikkhū āsanena nimantenti – ehi, bhikkhu, ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhu, bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, sabrahmacārikāmo vatāyaṃ bhikkhu; ehi, bhikkhu, idaṃ āsanaṃ nisīdāhī’ti. Te tathattāya paṭipajjanti. Tesaṃ taṃ hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Yañhi taṃ, kassapa, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘upaddutā brahmacārī brahmacārūpaddavena abhipatthanā abhibhavanā (sī.) brahmacārī brahmacāriabhipatthanenā’ti brahmacāriabhibhavanenāti (sī.), etarahi taṃ, kassapa, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘upaddutā brahmacārī brahmacārūpaddavena abhipatthanā brahmacārī brahmacāriabhipatthanenā’’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

151. Aṭṭhame tathā hi panāti pubbe sovacassatāya, etarahi ca dovacassatāya kāraṇapaṭṭhapane nipāto. Tatrāti tesu theresu. Ko nāmāyaṃ bhikkhūti ko nāmo ayaṃ bhikkhu? Kiṃ tissatthero kiṃ nāgattheroti? Tatrāti tasmiṃ evaṃ sakkāre kayiramāne. Tathattāyāti tathābhāvāya, āraññikādibhāvāyāti attho. Sabrahmacārikāmoti ‘‘ime maṃ parivāretvā carantū’’ti evaṃ kāmeti icchati patthetīti sabrahmacārikāmo. Tathattāyāti lābhasakkāranibbattanatthāya. Brahmacārupaddavenāti yo sabrahmacārīnaṃ catūsu paccayesu adhimattacchandarāgo upaddavoti vuccati, tena upaddutā. Abhipatthanāti adhimattapatthanā. Brahmacāriabhipatthanenāti brahmacārīnaṃ adhimattapatthanāsaṅkhātena catupaccayabhāvena. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

151. Pubbeti paṭhamabodhiyaṃ. Etarahīti tato pacchime kāle. Kāraṇapaṭṭhapaneti kāraṇārambhe. Tesu vuttaguṇayuttesu theresu. Tasminti tasmiṃ yathāvuttaguṇayutte puggale. Evaṃ sakkāre kayiramāneti ‘‘bhaddako vatāyaṃ bhikkhū’’ti ādarajātehi bhikkhūhi sakkāre kayiramāne. Ime sabrahmacārī. ‘‘Ehi bhikkhū’’ti taṃ bhikkhuṃ attano mukhābhimukhaṃ karontā vadanti. Yañhi tanti ettha tanti nipātamattaṃ upaddavoti vuccati anatthajananato. Patthayati bhajati bajjhatīti patthanā, abhisaṅgoti āha **‘‘abhipatthanāti adhimattapatthanā’’**ti.

Tatiyaovādasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Jhānābhiññasuttaṃ

152. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati’’.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharāmi sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedemi, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ananto ākāsoti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā…pe… ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma anantaṃ viññāṇanti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati…pe… ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave…pe… saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhomi – ekopi hutvā bahudhā homi, bahudhāpi hutvā eko homi; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ, tirokuṭṭaṃ, tiropākāraṃ, tiropabbataṃ, asajjamāno gacchāmi, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karomi, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchāmi, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamāmi, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasāmi parimajjāmi; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vattemi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti…pe… yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbāya sotadhātuyā visuddhāya atikkantamānusikāya ubho sadde suṇāmi, dibbe ca mānuse ca, ye dūre santike ca. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbāya sotadhātuyā…pe… dūre santike ca.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ vītarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāmi, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ…pe… vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ… samohaṃ vā cittaṃ… vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ… saṃkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ… mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ… sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ… samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ… vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti – sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ sarāgaṃ cittanti pajānāti…pe… avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ avimuttaṃ cittanti pajānāti.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi, anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi – ‘ime vata, bhonto, sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā, ime vā pana, bhonto, sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā; te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passāmi cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

152. Navame yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmīti yāvadeva icchāmi. Yāni pana ito paraṃ vivicceva kāmehītiādinā nayena cattāri rūpāvacarajjhānāni, sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamātiādinā nayena catasso arūpasamāpattiyo, sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhanti evaṃ nirodhasamāpatti, anekavihitaṃ iddhividhantiādinā nayena pañca lokikābhiññā ca vuttā. Tattha yaṃ vattabbaṃ siyā, taṃ sabbaṃ anupadavaṇṇanāya ceva bhāvanāvidhānena ca saddhiṃ visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 1.69) vitthāritameva. Chaḷabhiññāya pana āsavānaṃ khayāti āsavānaṃ khayena. Anāsavanti āsavānaṃ apaccayabhūtaṃ. Cetovimuttinti arahattaphalasamādhiṃ. Paññāvimuttinti arahattaphalapaññaṃ. Navamaṃ.

152. Yāvadevāti iminā samānatthaṃ ‘‘yāvade’’ti idaṃ padanti āha **‘‘yāvade ākaṅkhāmīti yāvadeva icchāmī’’**ti. Yadicchakaṃ jhānasamāpattīsu vasībhāvadassanatthaṃ tadetaṃ āraddhaṃ. Vitthāritameva, tasmā tattha vitthāritameva gahetabbanti adhippāyo. Āsavānaṃ khayāti āsavānaṃ khayahetu ariyamaggena sabbaso āsavānaṃ khepitattā. Apaccayabhūtanti ārammaṇapaccayabhāvena apaccayabhūtaṃ.

Jhānābhiññasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Upassayasuttaṃ

153. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bahukicco tvaṃ bahukaraṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, bahukicco tvaṃ bahukaraṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāma, bhante kassapa, yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkamissāmā’’ti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya āyasmatā ānandena pacchāsamaṇena yena aññataro bhikkhunupassayo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhuniyo yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmā mahākassapo dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo tā bhikkhuniyo dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.

Atha kho thullatissā bhikkhunī anattamanā anattamanavācaṃ nicchāresi – ‘‘kiṃ pana ayyo mahākassapo, ayyassa ānandassa vedehamunino sammukhā dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññati? Seyyathāpi nāma sūcivāṇijako sūcikārassa santike sūciṃ vikketabbaṃ maññeyya; evameva ayyo mahākassapo ayyassa ānandassa vedehamunino sammukhā dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññatī’’ti.

Assosi kho āyasmā mahākassapo thullatissāya bhikkhuniyā imaṃ vācaṃ bhāsamānāya. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, āvuso ānanda, ahaṃ sūcivāṇijako, tvaṃ sūcikāro; udāhu ahaṃ sūcikāro, tvaṃ sūcivāṇijako’’ti? ‘‘Khama, bhante kassapa, bālo mātugāmo’’ti. ‘‘Āgamehi tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, mā te saṅgho uttari upaparikkhi’’.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso ānanda, api nu tvaṃ bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Ānandopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvadeva ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’ti…pe…. (Navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattīnaṃ pañcannañca abhiññānaṃ evaṃ vitthāro veditabbo.)

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvuso ānanda, api nu tvaṃ bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Ānandopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, bhagavato sammukhā bhikkhusaṅghe upanīto – ‘ahaṃ, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’’ti.

‘‘Sattaratanaṃ vā, āvuso, nāgaṃ aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā tālapattikāya chādetabbaṃ maññeyya, yo me cha abhiññā chādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti.

Cavittha ca pana thullatissā bhikkhunī brahmacariyamhāti. Dasamaṃ.

153. Dasame āyāma, bhanteti kasmā bhikkhunīupassayagamanaṃ yācati? Na lābhasakkārahetu, kammaṭṭhānatthikā panettha bhikkhuniyo atthi, tā ussukkāpetvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathāpessāmīti yācati. Nanu ca so sayampi tepiṭako bahussuto, kiṃ sayaṃ kathetuṃ na sakkotīti? No na sakkoti. Buddhapaṭibhāgassa pana sāvakassa kathaṃ saddhātabbaṃ maññissantīti yācati. Bahukicco tvaṃ bahukaraṇīyoti kiṃ thero navakammādipasuto, yena naṃ evamāhāti? No, satthari pana parinibbute catasso parisā ānandattheraṃ upasaṅkamitvā, ‘‘bhante, idāni kassa pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā caratha, kassa pariveṇaṃ sammajjatha, kassa mukhodakaṃ dethā’’ti rodanti paridevanti. Thero ‘‘aniccā saṅkhārā, vuddhasarīrepi nillajjova maccurājā pahari. Esā saṅkhārānaṃ dhammatā, mā socittha, mā paridevitthā’’ti parisaṃ saññāpeti. Idamassa bahukiccaṃ. Taṃ sandhāya thero evamāha. Sandassesīti paṭipattiguṇaṃ dassesi. Samādapesīti gaṇhāpesi. Samuttejesīti samussāhesi. Sampahaṃsesīti paṭiladdhaguṇena modāpesi.

Thullatissāti sarīrena thūlā, nāmena tissā. Vedehamuninoti paṇḍitamunino. Paṇḍito hi ñāṇasaṅkhātena vedena īhati sabbakiccāni karoti, tasmā ‘‘vedeho’’ti vuccati. Vedeho ca so muni cāti, vedehamuni. Dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññatīti tipiṭakadharassa dhammabhaṇḍāgārikassa sammukhe sayaṃ araññavāsī paṃsukūliko samāno ‘‘dhammakathiko aha’’nti dhammaṃ bhāsitabbaṃ maññati. Idaṃ kiṃ pana, kathaṃ panāti? Avajānamānā bhaṇati. Assosīti aññena āgantvā ārocitavasena assosi. Āgamehi tvaṃ, āvusoti tiṭṭha tvaṃ, āvuso. Mā te saṅgho uttari upaparikkhīti mā bhikkhusaṅgho atirekaokāse taṃ upaparikkhīti. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘ānandena buddhapaṭibhāgo sāvako vārito, ekā bhikkhunī na vāritā, tāya saddhiṃ santhavo vā sineho vā bhavissatī’’ti mā taṃ saṅgho evaṃ amaññīti.

Idāni attano buddhapaṭibhāgabhāvaṃ dīpento taṃ kiṃ maññasi, āvusotiādimāha? Sattaratananti sattahatthappamāṇaṃ. Nāganti hatthiṃ. Aḍḍhaṭṭharatanaṃ vāti aḍḍharatanena ūnaaṭṭharatanaṃ, purimapādato paṭṭhāya yāva kumbhā vidatthādhikasattahatthubbedhanti attho. Tālapattikāyāti taruṇatālapaṇṇena. Cavitthāti cutā, na matā vā naṭṭhā vā, buddhapaṭibhāgassa pana sāvakassa upavādaṃ vatvā mahākassapatthere chahi abhiññāhi sīhanādaṃ nadante tassā kāsāvāni kaṇṭakasākhā viya kacchusākhā viya ca sarīraṃ khādituṃ āraddhāni, tāni hāretvā setakāni nivatthakkhaṇeyevassā cittassādo udapādīti. Dasamaṃ.

153. Lābhasakkārahetupi ekacce bhikkhū bhikkhunupassayaṃ gantvā bhikkhuniyo ovadanti, evamevaṃ ayaṃ pana thero na lābhasakkārahetu bhikkhunupassayagamanaṃ yācati, atha kasmāti āha **‘‘kammaṭṭhānatthikā’’**tiādi. Eso hi ānandatthero ussukkāpetvā paṭipattiguṇaṃ dassento yasmā tā bhikkhuniyo catusaccakammaṭṭhānikā, tasmā pañcannaṃ upādānakkhandhānaṃ udayabbayādipakāsaniyā dhammakathāya vipassanāpaṭipattisampadaṃ dassesi. Aniccādilakkhaṇāni ceva udayabbayādike ca sammā dassesi. Hatthena gahetvā viya paccakkhato dassesi. Samādapesīti tattha lakkhaṇārammaṇikavipassanaṃ samādapesi. Yathā vīthipaṭipanno hutvā pavattati, evaṃ gaṇhāpesi. Samuttejesīti vipassanāya āraddhāya saṅkhārānaṃ udayabbayādīsu upaṭṭhahantesu yathākālaṃ paggahasamupekkhaṇehi bojjhaṅgānaṃ anupavattanena bhāvanāmajjhimavīthiṃ pāpetvā yathā vipassanāñāṇaṃ suppasannaṃ hutvā vahati, evaṃ indriyānaṃ visadabhāvakaraṇena vipassanācittaṃ sammā uttejesi, nibbānavasena vā samādapesi. Sampahaṃsesīti tathā pavattiyamānāya vipassanāya samappavattabhāvanāvasena upari laddhabbabhāvanāvasena cittaṃ sampahaṃsesi, laddhassādavasena suṭṭhu tosesi. Evamettha attho veditabbo.

11. Cīvarasuttaṃ

154. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ānando dakkhiṇagirismiṃ cārikaṃ carati mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ.

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato ānandassa tiṃsamattā saddhivihārino bhikkhū sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattā bhavanti yebhuyyena kumārabhūtā. Atha kho āyasmā ānando dakkhiṇagirismiṃ yathābhirantaṃ cārikaṃ caritvā yena rājagahaṃ veḷuvanaṃ kalandakanivāpo yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āyasmā mahākassapo etadavoca – ‘‘kati nu kho, āvuso ānanda, atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññatta’’nti?

‘‘Tayo kho, bhante kassapa, atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññattaṃ – dummaṅkūnaṃ puggalānaṃ niggahāya pesalānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ phāsuvihārāya, mā pāpicchā pakkhaṃ nissāya saṅghaṃ bhindeyyuṃ vinayapiṭake cūḷavagge saṃghabhedakakkhandhake vajirabuddhiyaṃ aññathā sambandho dassito, kulānuddayatāya ca. Ime kho, bhante kassapa, tayo atthavase paṭicca bhagavatā kulesu tikabhojanaṃ paññatta’’nti.

‘‘Atha kiñcarahi tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imehi navehi bhikkhūhi indriyesu aguttadvārehi bhojane amattaññūhi jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttehi saddhiṃ cārikaṃ carasi? Sassaghātaṃ maññe carasi, kulūpaghātaṃ maññe carasi. Olujjati ullujjati (sī. aṭṭhakathāsu ca) kho te, āvuso ānanda, parisā; palujjanti kho te, āvuso, navappāyā. Na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī’’ti.

‘‘Api me, bhante kassapa, sirasmiṃ palitāni jātāni. Atha ca pana mayaṃ ajjāpi āyasmato mahākassapassa kumārakavādā na muccāmā’’ti. ‘‘Tathā hi pana tvaṃ, āvuso ānanda, imehi navehi bhikkhūhi indriyesu aguttadvārehi bhojane amattaññūhi jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttehi saddhiṃ cārikaṃ carasi, sassaghātaṃ maññe carasi, kulūpaghātaṃ maññe carasi. Olujjati kho te, āvuso ānanda, parisā; palujjanti kho te, āvuso, navappāyā. palujjati kho te āvuso ānanda parisā (ka. sī.) Na vāyaṃ kumārako mattamaññāsī’’ti.

Assosi kho thullanandā bhikkhunī – ‘‘ayyena kira mahākassapena ayyo ānando vedehamuni kumārakavādena apasādito’’ti.

Atha kho thullanandā bhikkhunī anattamanā anattamanavācaṃ nicchāresi – ‘‘kiṃ pana ayyo mahākassapo aññatitthiyapubbo samāno ayyaṃ ānandaṃ vedehamuniṃ kumārakavādena apasādetabbaṃ maññatī’’ti! Assosi kho āyasmā mahākassapo thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā imaṃ vācaṃ bhāsamānāya.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tagghāvuso ānanda, thullanandāya bhikkhuniyā sahasā appaṭisaṅkhā vācā bhāsitā. Yatvāhaṃ, āvuso, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito, nābhijānāmi aññaṃ satthāraṃ uddisitā uddisituṃ (sī. pī. ka.), aññatra tena bhagavatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena. Pubbe me, āvuso, agārikabhūtassa sato etadahosi – ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho rajopatho (sī.), abbhokāso pabbajjā. Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ kāretvā karitvā (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.) ye loke arahanto te uddissa kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃ.

So evaṃ pabbajito samāno addhānamaggappaṭipanno addasaṃ bhagavantaṃ antarā ca rājagahaṃ antarā ca nāḷandaṃ bahuputte cetiye nisinnaṃ. Disvāna me etadahosi – ‘satthārañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ; sugatañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ, bhagavantameva passeyyaṃ; sammāsambuddhañca vatāhaṃ passeyyaṃ; bhagavantameva passeyya’nti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, tattheva bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘satthā me, bhante, bhagavā, sāvakohamasmi; satthā me, bhante, bhagavā, sāvakohamasmī’ti. Evaṃ vutte maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā etadavoca – ‘yo kho, kassapa, evaṃ sabbacetasā samannāgataṃ sāvakaṃ ajānaññeva vadeyya jānāmīti, apassaññeva vadeyya passāmīti, muddhāpi tassa vipateyya. Ahaṃ kho pana, kassapa, jānaññeva vadāmi jānāmīti, passaññeva vadāmi passāmī’ti.

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘tibbaṃ me hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ bhavissati theresu navesu majjhimesū’ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘yaṃ kiñci dhammaṃ suṇissāmi kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ aṭṭhiṃ katvā manasi karitvā sabbacetasā samannāharitvā ohitasoto dhammaṃ suṇissāmī’ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbaṃ.

Tasmātiha te, kassapa, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘sātasahagatā ca me kāyagatāsati na vijahissatī’ti. Evañhi te, kassapa, sikkhitabbanti.

‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iminā ovādena ovaditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Sattāhameva khvāhaṃ, āvuso, saraṇo sāṇo (sī.) raṭṭhapiṇḍaṃ bhuñjiṃ’’. Aṭṭhamiyā aññā udapādi.

‘‘Atha kho, āvuso, bhagavā maggā okkamma yena aññataraṃ rukkhamūlaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Atha khvāhaṃ, āvuso, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ catugguṇaṃ paññapetvā bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘idha, bhante, bhagavā nisīdatu, yaṃ mamassa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’ti. Nisīdi kho, āvuso, bhagavā paññatte āsane. Nisajja kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā etadavoca – ‘mudukā kho tyāyaṃ, kassapa, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭī’ti. ‘Paṭiggaṇhātu me, bhante, bhagavā paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ anukampaṃ upādāyā’ti. ‘Dhāressasi pana me tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti. ‘Dhāressāmahaṃ, bhante, bhagavato sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti. ‘‘So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, paṭapilotikānaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ bhagavato pādāsiṃ. Ahaṃ pana bhagavato sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanāni paṭipajjiṃ’’.

‘‘Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo, paṭiggahitāni paṭiggahetā (sī.) sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti, mamaṃ taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo, paṭiggahitāni sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’’’ti.

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, yāvadeva ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, yāvade ākaṅkhāmi…pe… (navannaṃ anupubbavihārasamāpattinaṃ pañcannañca abhiññānaṃ evaṃ vitthāro veditabbo).

‘‘Ahaṃ kho, āvuso, āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharāmi; sattaratanaṃ vā, āvuso, nāgaṃ aḍḍhaṭṭhamaratanaṃ vā tālapattikāya chādetabbaṃ maññeyya, yo me cha abhiññā chādetabbaṃ maññeyyā’’ti.

Cavittha ca pana thullanandā bhikkhunī brahmacariyamhāti. Ekādasamaṃ.

154. Ekādasame dakkhiṇāgirisminti rājagahaṃ parivāretvā ṭhitassa girino dakkhiṇabhāge janapado dakkhiṇāgiri nāma, tasmiṃ cārikaṃ caratīti attho. Cārikā ca nāma duvidhā hoti turitacārikā ca aturitacārikā ca. Tattha yaṃ ekacco ekaṃ kāsāvaṃ nivāsetvā ekaṃ pārupitvā pattacīvaraṃ aṃse laggetvā chattaṃ ādāya sarīrato sedehi paggharantehi divasena sattaṭṭhayojanāni gacchati, yaṃ vā pana buddhā kiñcideva bodhaneyyasattaṃ disvā yojanasatampi yojanasahassampi khaṇena gacchanti, esā turitacārikā nāma. Devasikaṃ pana gāvutaṃ aḍḍhayojanaṃ tigāvutaṃ yojananti ettakaṃ addhānaṃ ajjatanāya nimantanaṃ adhivāsayato janasaṅgahaṃ karoto gamanaṃ, esā aturitacārikā nāma. Ayaṃ idha adhippetā.

Nanu ca thero pañcavīsati vassāni chāyā viya dasabalassa pacchato pacchato gacchantova ahosi, ‘‘kahaṃ ānando’’ti vacanassa okāsameva na adāsi, so kismiṃ kāle bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ cārikaṃ carituṃ okāsaṃ labhatīti? Satthu parinibbānasaṃvacchare. Parinibbute kira satthari mahākassapatthero satthu parinibbāne sannipatitassa bhikkhusaṅghassa majjhe nisīditvā dhammavinayasaṅgāyanatthaṃ pañcasate bhikkhū uccinitvā, ‘‘āvuso, mayaṃ rājagahe vassaṃ vasantā dhammavinayaṃ saṅgāyissāma, tumhe pure vassūpanāyikāya attano palibodhaṃ ucchinditvā rājagahe sannipatathā’’ti vatvā attanā rājagahaṃ gato. Ānandattheropi bhagavato pattacīvaraṃ ādāya mahājanaṃ saññāpento sāvatthiṃ gantvā tato nikkhamma rājagahaṃ gacchanto dakkhiṇāgirismiṃ cārikaṃ cari. Taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.

Yebhuyyena kumārabhūtāti ye te hīnāyāvattā nāma, te yebhuyyena kumārakā daharā taruṇā ekavassikadvevassikā bhikkhū ceva anupasampannakumārakā ca. Kasmā panete pabbajitā, kasmā hīnāyāvattāti? Tesaṃ kira mātāpitaro cintesuṃ – ‘‘ānandatthero satthu vissāsiko aṭṭha vare yācitvā upaṭṭhahati, icchiticchitaṭṭhānaṃ satthāraṃ gahetvā gantuṃ sakkoti, amhākaṃ dārake etassa santike pabbājema, so satthāraṃ gahetvā āgamissati, tasmiṃ āgate mayaṃ mahāsakkāraṃ kātuṃ labhissāmā’’ti. Iminā tāva kāraṇena nesaṃ ñātakā te pabbājesuṃ. Satthari pana parinibbute tesaṃ sā patthanā upacchinnā, atha te ekadivaseneva uppabbājesuṃ.

Yathābhirantanti yathāruciyā yathāajjhāsayena. Tikabhojanaṃ paññattanti, idaṃ ‘‘gaṇabhojane aññatra samayā pācittiya’’nti (pāci. 211). Idaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tattha hi tiṇṇaṃ janānaṃ akappiyanimantanaṃ sādiyitvā ekato paṭiggaṇhantānampi anāpatti, tasmā ‘‘tikabhojana’’nti vuttaṃ.

12. Paraṃmaraṇasuttaṃ

155. Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ca mahākassapo āyasmā ca sāriputto bārāṇasiyaṃ viharanti isipatane migadāye. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahākassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahākassapena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, āvuso kassapa, hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Abyākataṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā – ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ panāvuso, na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Evampi kho, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā – ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Abyākataṃ kho etaṃ, āvuso, bhagavatā – ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ panāvuso, neva hoti, na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’ti? ‘‘Evampi kho, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā – ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’’’ti. ‘‘Kasmā cetaṃ, āvuso, abyākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti? ‘‘Na hetaṃ, āvuso, atthasaṃhitaṃ nādibrahmacariyakaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati. Tasmā taṃ abyākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti.

‘‘Atha kiñcarahāvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti? ‘‘Idaṃ ‘dukkha’nti kho, āvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ ‘dukkhasamudayo’ti byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ ‘dukkhanirodho’ti byākataṃ bhagavatā; ayaṃ ‘dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti. ‘‘Kasmā cetaṃ, āvuso, byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti? ‘‘Etañhi, āvuso, atthasaṃhitaṃ etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakaṃ etaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. Tasmā taṃ byākataṃ bhagavatā’’ti. Dvādasamaṃ.

155. Dvādasame tathāgatoti satto. Na hetaṃ, āvuso, atthasaṃhitanti, āvuso, etaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ atthasannissitaṃ na hoti. Nādibrahmacariyakanti maggabrahmacariyassa pubbabhāgapaṭipadāpi na hoti. Etañhi, āvuso, atthasaṃhitanti, āvuso, etaṃ catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ atthasannissitaṃ. Etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakanti etaṃ maggabrahmacariyassa ādi pubbabhāgapaṭipadā. Dvādasamaṃ.

155. Yathā atītakappe atītāsu jātīsu kammakilesavasena āgato, tathā etarahipi āgatoti tathāgato, yathā yathā vā pana kammaṃ katūpacitaṃ, tathā taṃ taṃ attabhāvaṃ āgato upagato upapannoti tathāgato, sattoti āha **‘‘tathāgatoti satto’’**ti. Etanti ‘‘evaṃ hoti bhavati tiṭṭhati sassatisama’’nti evaṃ pavattaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Atthasannissitaṃ na hotīti diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthato sukhanti pasatthasannissitaṃ na hoti. Ādibrahmacariyakanti ettha maggabrahmacariyaṃ adhippetaṃ tassa padhānabhāvato. Tassa pana etaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ ādipaṭipadāmattaṃ na hoti anupakārakattā vilomanato ca. Tato eva itarabrahmacariyassapi anissayova. Sesaṃ vuttanayena veditabbaṃ.

Paraṃmaraṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

13. Saddhammappatirūpakasuttaṃ

156. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yena pubbe appatarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni ahesuṃ bahutarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahiṃsu? Ko pana, bhante, hetu ko paccayo, yenetarahi bahutarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni appatarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahantī’’ti? ‘‘Evañcetaṃ, kassapa, hoti sattesu hāyamānesu saddhamme antaradhāyamāne, bahutarāni ceva sikkhāpadāni honti appatarā ca bhikkhū aññāya saṇṭhahanti. Na tāva, kassapa, saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, kassapa, na tāva jātarūpassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na jātarūpappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, jātarūpappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha jātarūpassa antaradhānaṃ hoti. Evameva kho, kassapa, na tāva saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti yāva na saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati. Yato ca kho, kassapa, saddhammappatirūpakaṃ loke uppajjati, atha saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti.

‘‘Na kho, kassapa, pathavīdhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na āpodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na tejodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti, na vāyodhātu saddhammaṃ antaradhāpeti; atha kho idheva te uppajjanti moghapurisā ye imaṃ saddhammaṃ antaradhāpenti. Seyyathāpi, kassapa, nāvā ādikeneva opilavati; na kho, kassapa, evaṃ saddhammassa antaradhānaṃ hoti.

‘‘Pañca khome, kassapa, okkamaniyā dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, kassapa, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari agāravā viharanti appatissā, dhamme agāravā viharanti appatissā, saṅghe agāravā viharanti appatissā, sikkhāya agāravā viharanti appatissā, samādhismiṃ agāravā viharanti appatissā – ime kho, kassapa, pañca okkamaniyā dhammā saddhammassa sammosāya antaradhānāya saṃvattanti.

‘‘Pañca khome, kassapa, dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattanti. Katame pañca? Idha, kassapa, bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upāsakā upāsikāyo satthari sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, dhamme sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, saṅghe sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, sikkhāya sagāravā viharanti sappatissā, samādhismiṃ sagāravā viharanti sappatissā – ime kho, kassapa, pañca dhammā saddhammassa ṭhitiyā asammosāya anantaradhānāya saṃvattantī’’ti. Terasamaṃ.

Kassapasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Santuṭṭhañca anottappī, candūpamaṃ kulūpakaṃ;

Jiṇṇaṃ tayo ca ovādā, jhānābhiññā upassayaṃ;

Cīvaraṃ paraṃmaraṇaṃ, saddhammappatirūpakanti.

156. Terasame aññāya saṇṭhahiṃsūti arahatte patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Saddhammappatirūpakanti dve saddhammappatirūpakāni adhigamasaddhammappatirūpakañca pariyattisaddhammappatirūpakañca. Tattha –

‘‘Obhāse ceva ñāṇe ca, pītiyā ca vikampati;

Passaddhiyā sukhe ceva, yehi cittaṃ pavedhati.

‘‘Adhimokkhe ca paggāhe, upaṭṭhāne ca kampati;

Upekkhāvajjanāya ceva, upekkhāya ca nikantiyā.

‘‘Imāni dasa ṭhānāni, paññā yassa paricitā;

Dhammuddhaccakusalo hoti, na ca sammoha gacchatī’’ti. (paṭi. ma. 2.7); –

Idaṃ vipassanāñāṇassa upakkilesajātaṃ adhigamasaddhammappatirūpakaṃ nāma. Tisso pana saṅgītiyo anāruḷhaṃ dhātukathā ārammaṇakathā asubhakathā ñāṇavatthukathā vijjākaraṇḍakoti imehi pañcahi kathāvatthūhi paribāhiraṃ guḷhavinayaṃ guḷhavessantaraṃ guḷhamahosadhaṃ vaṇṇapiṭakaṃ aṅgulimālapiṭakaṃ raṭṭhapālagajjitaṃ āḷavakagajjitaṃ vedallapiṭakanti abuddhavacanaṃ pariyattisaddhammappatirūpakaṃ nāma.

Jātarūpappatirūpakanti suvaṇṇarasavidhānaṃ ārakūṭamayaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ ābharaṇajātaṃ. Chaṇakālesu hi manussā ‘‘ābharaṇabhaṇḍakaṃ gaṇhissāmā’’ti āpaṇaṃ gacchanti. Atha ne āpaṇikā evaṃ vadanti, ‘‘sace tumhe ābharaṇatthikā, imāni gaṇhatha. Imāni hi ghanāni ceva vaṇṇavantāni ca appagghāni cā’’ti. Te tesaṃ sutvā, ‘‘kāraṇaṃ ime vadanti, imāni piḷandhitvā sakkā nakkhattaṃ kīḷituṃ, sobhanti ceva appagghāni cā’’ti tāni gahetvā gacchanti. Suvaṇṇabhaṇḍaṃ avikkiyamānaṃ nidahitvā ṭhapetabbaṃ hoti. Evaṃ taṃ jātarūpappatirūpake uppanne antaradhāyati nāma.

6. Lābhasakkārasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. Dāruṇasuttaṃ

157. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pajahissāma, na ca no uppanno lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

157. Lābhasakkārasaṃyuttassa paṭhame dāruṇoti thaddho. Lābhasakkārasilokoti ettha lābho nāma catupaccayalābho. Sakkāroti tesaṃyeva sukatānaṃ susaṅkhatānaṃ lābho. Silokoti vaṇṇaghoso. Kaṭukoti tikhiṇo. Pharusoti kharo. Antarāyikoti antarāyakaro. Paṭhamaṃ.

157. Thaddhoti kakkhaḷo aniṭṭhassa padānato. Catupaccayalābhoti catunnaṃ paccayānaṃ paṭilābho. Sakkāroti tehiyeva paccayehi susaṅkhatehi pūjanā, so pana atthato sampattiyevāti āha **‘‘tesaṃyeva…pe… lābho’’**ti. Vaṇṇaghosoti guṇakittanā. Antarāyassa anativattanato antarāyiko anatthāvahattā.

Dāruṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Baḷisasuttaṃ

158. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, bāḷisiko āmisagataṃ baḷisaṃ gambhīre udakarahade pakkhipeyya. Tamenaṃ aññataro āmisacakkhu maccho gileyya. Evañhi so, bhikkhave, maccho gilabaḷiso bāḷisikassa anayaṃ āpanno byasanaṃ āpanno yathākāmakaraṇīyo bāḷisikassa’’.

‘‘Bāḷisikoti kho, bhikkhave, mārassetaṃ pāpimato adhivacanaṃ. Baḷisanti kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasilokassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ assādeti nikāmeti, ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gilabaḷiso mārassa anayaṃ āpanno byasanaṃ āpanno yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pajahissāma, na ca no uppanno lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

158. Dutiye bāḷisikoti baḷisaṃ gahetvā caramāno macchaghātako. Āmisagatanti āmisamakkhitaṃ. Āmisacakkhūti āmise cakkhu dassanaṃ assāti āmisacakkhu. Gilabaḷisoti gilitabaḷiso. Anayaṃ āpannoti dukkhaṃ patto. Byasanaṃ āpannoti vināsaṃ patto. Yathākāmakaraṇīyoti yathākāmena yathāruciyā yatheva naṃ bāḷisiko icchati, tathevassa kattabboti attho. Yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimatoti yathā kilesamārassa kāmo, evaṃ kattabbo, nirayaṃ vā tiracchānayoniṃ vā pettivisayaṃ vā pāpetabbo. Dutiyaṃ.

158. Baḷisena carati, tena vā jīvatīti bāḷisiko. Tenāha **‘‘baḷisaṃ gahetvā caramāno’’**ti. Āmisagatanti āmisūpagataṃ āmisapatitaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘āmisamakkhita’’**nti. Bhinnādhikaraṇānampi bāhiratthasamāso hotevāti āha **‘‘āmise cakkhudassana’’**nti. Ayo vuccati sukhaṃ, tabbidhuratāya anayo, dukkhanti āha **‘‘dukkhaṃ patto’’**ti. Assāti etena. Kattuatthe hi etaṃ sāmivacanaṃ. Yathā kilesā vattanti, evaṃ pavattamāno puggalo kilesavippayogo na hotīti vuttaṃ **‘‘yathā kilesamārassa kāmo, evaṃ kattabbo’’**ti.

Baḷisasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Kummasuttaṃ

159. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, aññatarasmiṃ udakarahade mahākummakulaṃ ciranivāsi ahosi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, aññataro kummo aññataraṃ kummaṃ etadavoca – ‘mā kho tvaṃ, tāta kumma, etaṃ padesaṃ agamāsī’ti. Agamāsi kho, bhikkhave, so kummo taṃ padesaṃ. Tamenaṃ luddo papatāya vijjhi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, so kummo yena so kummo tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, so kummo taṃ kummaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna taṃ kummaṃ etadavoca – ‘kacci tvaṃ, tāta kumma, na taṃ padesaṃ agamāsī’ti? ‘Agamāsiṃ khvāhaṃ, tāta kumma, taṃ padesa’nti. ‘Kacci panāsi, tāta kumma, akkhato anupahato’ti? ‘Akkhato khomhi, tāta kumma, anupahato, atthi ca me idaṃ suttakaṃ piṭṭhito piṭṭhito anubandha’nti. ‘Tagghasi, tāta kumma, khato, taggha upahato. Etena hi te, tāta kumma, suttakena pitaro ca pitāmahā ca anayaṃ āpannā byasanaṃ āpannā. Gaccha dāni tvaṃ, tāta kumma, na dāni tvaṃ amhāka’’’nti.

‘‘Luddoti kho, bhikkhave, mārassetaṃ pāpimato adhivacanaṃ. Papatāti kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasilokassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Suttakanti kho, bhikkhave, nandirāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ assādeti nikāmeti – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, bhikkhu giddho papatāya bhikkhu papatāya (syā. kaṃ.), bhikkhu viddho papatāya (?) anayaṃ āpanno byasanaṃ āpanno yathākāmakaraṇīyo pāpimato. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Dīghalomikasuttaṃ

160. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, dīghalomikā eḷakā kaṇṭakagahanaṃ paviseyya. Sā tatra tatra sajjeyya, tatra tatra gayheyya gaccheyya (sī.), gaṇheyya (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.), tatra tatra bajjheyya, tatra tatra anayabyasanaṃ āpajjeyya. ‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. So tatra tatra sajjati, tatra tatra gayhati, tatra tatra bajjhati, tatra tatra anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

159-160. Tatiye mahākummakulanti mahantaṃ aṭṭhikacchapakulaṃ. Agamāsīti ‘‘ettha addhā kiñci khāditabbaṃ atthi, taṃ maccharāyanto maṃ esa nivāretī’’ti saññāya agamāsi. Papatāyāti papatā vuccati dīgharajjukabaddho ayakantakosake daṇḍakaṃ pavesetvā gahito kaṇṇikasallasaṇṭhāno, ayakaṇṭako, yasmiṃ vegena patitvā kaṭāhe laggamatte daṇḍako nikkhamati, rajjuko ekābaddho gacchateva. So kummoti so viddhakummo. Yena so kummoti udakasaddaṃ sutvā sāsaṅkaṭṭhānaṃ bhavissatīti nivattitvā yena so atthakāmo kummo. Na dāni tvaṃ amhākanti idāni tvaṃ amittahatthaṃ gato, na amhākaṃ santakoti attho. Evaṃ sallapantānaṃyeva ca nesaṃ nāvāya ṭhito luddo rajjukaṃ ākaḍḍhitvā kummaṃ gahetvā yathākāmaṃ akāsi. Sesamettha ito anantarasutte ca uttānameva. Tatiyacatutthāni.

159-160. Aṭṭhikacchapā vuccanti yesaṃ kapālamatthake tikhiṇā aṭṭhikoṭi hoti, tesaṃ samūho aṭṭhikacchapakulaṃ. Macchakacchapādīnaṃ sarīre lambantī papatatīti papatā, vuccamānākāro ayakaṇṭako. Ayakosaketi ayomayakosake. Kaṇṇikasallasaṇṭhānoti attanikāpanasallasaṇṭhāno. Ayakaṇṭakoti ayomayavaṅkakaṇṭako. Nikkhamati ettha athāvarato. Pavesitamatto hi so. Idāni tvaṃ ‘‘amhāka’’nti na vattabbo. Ito anantarasutteti catutthasuttamāha.

Kummasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Mīḷhakasuttaṃ

161. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mīḷhakā gūthādī gūthapūrā puṇṇā gūthassa. Purato cassa mahāgūthapuñjo. Sā tena aññā mīḷhakā atimaññeyya – ‘ahamhi gūthādī gūthapūrā puṇṇā gūthassa, purato ca myāyaṃ mahāgūthapuñjo’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati. So tattha bhuttāvī ca hoti yāvadattho, nimantito ca svātanāya, piṇḍapāto cassa pūro. So ārāmaṃ gantvā bhikkhugaṇassa majjhe vikatthati – ‘bhuttāvī camhi yāvadattho, nimantito camhi svātanāya, piṇḍapāto ca myāyaṃ pūro, lābhī camhi cīvara-piṇḍapāta-senāsana-gilānappaccaya-bhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ, ime panaññe bhikkhū appapuññā appesakkhā na lābhino cīvara-piṇḍapātasenāsana-gilānappaccaya-bhesajja-parikkhārāna’nti. So tena lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto aññe pesale bhikkhū atimaññati. Tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, moghapurisassa hoti dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.

161. Pañcame mīḷhakāti gūthapāṇakā. Gūthādīti gūthabhakkhā. Gūthapūrāti anto gūthena bharitā. Puṇṇā gūthassāti idaṃ purimasseva atthadīpanaṃ. Atimaññeyyāti pacchimapāde bhūmiyaṃ ṭhapetvā purimapāde gūthassa upari āropetvā ṭhitā ‘‘ahamhi gūthādī’’ti bhaṇantī atimaññeyya. Piṇḍapāto cassa pūroti aparopissa pattapūro paṇītapiṇḍapāto bhaveyya. Pañcamaṃ.

161. Mīḷhakāti evaṃ itthiliṅgavasena vuccamānā. Gūthapāṇakāti gūthabhakkhapāṇakā. Antoti kucchiyaṃ.

Mīḷhakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Asanisuttaṃ

162. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. upari tatiyavagge tatiyacatutthasuttesu ‘‘mā ca kho tvaṃ tāta sekhaṃ… anupāpuṇātū’’ti āgataṃ. tena nayena idhāpi attho gahetabbo. ettha hi kiṃ saddena paṭikkhepatthopi sakkā ñātuṃ, yathā ‘‘sayaṃ abhiññāya kamuddiseyya’’nti. tasmā kaṃ… āgacchatūti ettha kamapi… mā āgacchatūti ca, kaṃ sekhaṃ… anupāpuṇātūti ettha kamapi sekhaṃ… mā pāpuṇātūti ca attho veditabbo. aṭṭhakathāṭīkāsu ca ayamevattho ñāpito Kaṃ, bhikkhave, asanivicakkaṃ āgacchatu upari tatiyavagge tariyacatutthasuttesu ‘‘mā ca kho tvaṃ tāta sekhaṃ… anupāpuṇātū’’ti āgataṃ. tena nayena idhāpi attho gahetabbo. ettha hi kiṃ saddena paṭikkhepatthopi sakkā ñātuṃ, yathā ‘‘sayaṃ abhiññāya kamuddiseyya’’nti. tasmā kaṃ… āgacchatūti ettha kamapi… mā āgacchatūtica, taṃ sekhaṃ… anupāpuṇātūti ettha kamapi sekhaṃ… mā pāpuṇātūti ca attho veditabbo. aṭṭhakathāṭīkāsu ca ayamevattho ñāpito, sekhaṃ asanivicakkaṃ, taṃ sekhaṃ (pī. ka.), asanivicakkaṃ, sekhaṃ (syā. kaṃ.), asanivicakkaṃ āgacchatu, kaṃ sekhaṃ (?) appattamānasaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko anupāpuṇātu’’ anupāpuṇāti (pī. ka.).

‘‘Asanivicakkanti kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasilokassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

162. Chaṭṭhe kaṃ, bhikkhave, asanivicakkanti, bhikkhave, kaṃ puggalaṃ matthake patitvā maddamānaṃ sukkāsanicakkaṃ āgacchatu. Appattamānasanti anadhigatārahattaṃ. Iti bhagavā na sattānaṃ dukkhakāmatāya, ādīnavaṃ pana dassetuṃ evamāha. Asanicakkañhi matthake patitaṃ ekameva attabhāvaṃ nāseti, lābhasakkārasilokena pariyādiṇṇacitto nirayādīsu anantadukkhaṃ anubhoti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

162. ‘‘Ime lābhasakkāraṃ anāharantā jighacchādidukkhaṃ pāpuṇantū’’ti evaṃ na sattānaṃ dukkhakāmatāya evamāhāti ānetvā sambandho. Anantadukkhaṃ anubhoti aparāparaṃ uppajjanakaakusalacittānaṃ bahubhāvato.

Asanisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Diddhasuttaṃ

163. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Kaṃ, bhikkhave, diddhagatena visallena sallena diṭṭhigatena visallena (ka. sī.), diṭṭhigatena sallena (syā. kaṃ.), diṭṭhigatena visallena sallena (ka.), diṭṭhagatena visallena sallena (pī.) vijjhatu, sekhaṃ vijjhatu, taṃ sekhaṃ (sī.), vijjhati, taṃ sekhaṃ (pī. ka.) appattamānasaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko anupāpuṇātu’’ anupāpuṇāti (pī. ka.).

‘‘Sallanti kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasilokassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

163. Sattame diddhagatenāti gatadiddhena. Visallenāti visamakkhitena. Sallenāti sattiyā. Sattamaṃ.

163. Acchavisayuttāti vā diddhe gatena gatadiddhena. Tenāha **‘‘visamakkhitenā’’**ti.

Diddhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ

164. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Assuttha no tumhe, bhikkhave, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ jarasiṅgālassa siṅgālassa (ka.), jarasigālassa (sī. syā. kaṃ.) vassamānassā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, jarasiṅgālo ukkaṇḍakena ukkaṇḍakena (sī.), ukkaṇṇakena (syā. kaṃ. pī.) nāma rogajātena phuṭṭho neva bilagato ramati, na rukkhamūlagato ramati, na ajjhokāsagato ramati; yena yena gacchati, yattha yattha tiṭṭhati, yattha yattha nisīdati, yattha yattha nipajjati; tattha tattha anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto neva suññāgāragato ramati, na rukkhamūlagato ramati, na ajjhokāsagato ramati; yena yena gacchati, yattha yattha tiṭṭhati, yattha yattha nisīdati, yattha yattha nipajjati; tattha tattha anayabyasanaṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

164. Aṭṭhame siṅgāloti jarasiṅgālo. Yathā hi suvaṇṇavaṇṇopi kāyo pūtikāyo tveva, taṃkhaṇaṃ gaḷitampi ca muttaṃ pūtimuttantveva vuccati, evaṃ tadahujātopi siṅgālo jarasiṅgālotveva vuccati. Ukkaṇṭakena nāmāti evaṃnāmakena rogena. So kira sītakāle uppajjati. Tasmiṃ uppanne sakalasarīrato lomāni patanti, sakalasarīraṃ nillomaṃ hutvā, samantato phuṭati, vātabbhāhatā vaṇā rujjanti. Yathā ummattakasunakhena daṭṭho puriso anavaṭṭhitova bhamati, evaṃ tasmiṃ uppanne bhamitabbo hoti, asukaṭṭhāne sotthi bhavissatīti na paññāyati. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

164. Jarasiṅgālotveva vuccati sarīrasobhāya abhāvato. Sarīrassa uggatakaṇṭakattā ukkaṇṭakena nāma. Phuṭatīti phalati bhijjati.

Siṅgālasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Verambhasuttaṃ

165. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Upari, bhikkhave, ākāse verambhā verambā (sī. pī.) nāma vātā vāyanti. Tattha yo pakkhī gacchati tamenaṃ verambhā vātā khipanti. Tassa verambhavātakkhittassa aññeneva pādā gacchanti, aññena pakkhā gacchanti, aññena sīsaṃ gacchati, aññena kāyo gacchati. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena, anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā, asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. So rāgānuddhaṃsitena cittena sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Tassa aññe cīvaraṃ haranti, aññe pattaṃ haranti, aññe nisīdanaṃ haranti, aññe sūcigharaṃ haranti, verambhavātakkhittasseva sakuṇassa. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Navamaṃ.

165. Navame verambhavātāti evaṃnāmakā mahāvātā. Kīdise pana ṭhāne te vātā vāyantīti? Yattha ṭhitassa cattāro dīpā uppalinipattamattā hutvā paññāyanti. Yo pakkhī gacchatīti navavuṭṭhe deve viravanto vātasakuṇo tattha gacchati, taṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ. Arakkhiteneva kāyenātiādīsu hatthapāde kīḷāpento khandhaṭṭhiṃ vā nāmento kāyaṃ na rakkhati nāma, nānāvidhaṃ duṭṭhullakathaṃ kathento vācaṃ na rakkhati nāma, kāmavitakkādayo vitakkento cittaṃ na rakkhati nāma. Anupaṭṭhitāya satiyāti kāyagatāsatiṃ anupaṭṭhapetvā. Navamaṃ.

165. Kāyaṃ na rakkhati nāma chabbīsatiyā sāruppānaṃ pariccajanato. Vācaṃ na rakkhati nāma rāgasāmantā ca kodhasāmantā ca yāva nicchāraṇato.

Verambhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Sagāthakasuttaṃ

166. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ passāmi sakkārena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannaṃ. Idha panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ passāmi asakkārena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannaṃ. Idha panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ passāmi sakkārena ca asakkārena ca tadubhayena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Yassa sakkariyamānassa, asakkārena cūbhayaṃ;

Samādhi na vikampati, appamāṇavihārino appamādavihārino (pī. ka.) appamāṇoti hettha phalasamādhi, na sati.

‘‘Taṃ jhāyinaṃ sātatikaṃ, sukhumaṃ diṭṭhivipassakaṃ;

Upādānakkhayārāmaṃ, āhu sappuriso itī’’ti. dasamaṃ;

Paṭhamo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dāruṇo baḷisaṃ kummaṃ, dīghalomi ca mīḷhakaṃ;

Asani diddhaṃ siṅgālaṃ, verambhena sagāthakanti.

166. Dasame asakkārena cūbhayanti asakkārena ca ubhayena. Samādhīti arahattaphalasamādhi. So hi tena na vikampati. Appamāṇavihārinoti appamāṇena phalasamādhinā viharantassa. Sātatikanti satatakāriṃ. Sukhumaṃdiṭṭhivipassakanti arahattamaggadiṭṭhiyā sukhumadiṭṭhiphalasamāpattiatthāya vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā āgatattā vipassakaṃ. Upādānakkhayārāmanti upādānakkhayasaṅkhāte nibbāne rataṃ. Āhu sappuriso itīti sappurisoti kathentīti. Dasamaṃ.

Paṭhamo vaggo.

166. **‘‘Yassa sakkariyamānassā’’**ti ettha asakkārena cūbhayanti asakkārena ca ubhayañca, kadāci sakkārena, kadāci asakkārena kadāci ubhayenāti attho. Tenāha **‘‘asakkārenā’’**tiādi. Satatavihārānaṃ sampattiyā sātatikoti āha **‘‘arahatta…pe… sukhumadiṭṭhī’’**tiādi. Tathā hi sā ‘‘vajirūpamañāṇa’’nti vuccati. Āgatattāti phalasamāpattiṃ samāpajjituṃ tassā pubbaparikammaṃ upagatattā.

Sagāthakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Dutiyavaggo

1. Suvaṇṇapātisuttaṃ

167. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… adhigamāya. Idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – ‘na cāyamāyasmā suvaṇṇapātiyāpi rūpiyacuṇṇaparipūrāya hetu sampajānamusā bhāseyyā’ti. Tamenaṃ passāmi aparena samayena lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ sampajānamusā bhāsantaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Rūpiyapātisuttaṃ

168. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – ‘na cāyamāyasmā rūpiyapātiyāpi suvaṇṇacuṇṇaparipūrāya hetu sampajānamusā bhāseyyā’ti. Tamenaṃ passāmi aparena samayena lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ sampajānamusā bhāsantaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

167-168. Dutiyavaggassa paṭhame sampajānamusā bhāsantanti appamattakenapi kāraṇena sampajānameva musā bhāsantaṃ. ‘‘Sīlaṃ pūressāmī’’ti saṃvihitabhikkhuṃ sinerumattopi paccayarāsi cāletuṃ na sakkoti. Yadā pana sīlaṃ pahāya sakkāranissito hoti, tadā kuṇḍakamuṭṭhihetupi musā bhāsati, aññaṃ vā akiccaṃ karoti. Dutiyaṃ uttānamevāti. Paṭhamadutiyāni.

167-168. Cāletuṃ na sakkoti sīlapabbatasannissitattā. Aññaṃ vā kiccaṃ karoti pageva sīlassa chaḍḍitattā. Tatiyādīsu apubbaṃ natthi.

Suvaṇṇapātisuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3-10. Suvaṇṇanikkhasuttādiaṭṭhakaṃ

169. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – ‘na cāyamāyasmā suvaṇṇanikkhassāpi hetu…pe… suvaṇṇanikkhasatassāpi hetu… siṅgīnikkhassāpi hetu… siṅgīnikkhasatassāpi hetu… pathaviyāpi jātarūpaparipūrāya hetu… āmisakiñcikkhahetupi… jīvitahetupi… janapadakalyāṇiyāpi hetu sampajānamusā bhāseyyā’ti. Tamenaṃ passāmi aparena samayena lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ sampajānamusā bhāsantaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dasamaṃ.

Dutiyo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dve pāti dve suvaṇṇā ca, siṅgīhi apare duve;

Pathavī kiñcikkhajīvitaṃ, janapadakalyāṇiyā dasāti.

169. Tatiyādīsu suvaṇṇanikkhassāti ekassa kañcananikkhassa. Siṅgīnikkhassāti siṅgīsuvaṇṇanikkhassa. Pathaviyāti cakkavāḷabbhantarāya mahāpathaviyā. Āmisakiñcikkhahetūti kassacideva āmisassa hetu antamaso kuṇḍakamuṭṭhinopi. Jīvitahetūti aṭaviyaṃ corehi gahetvā jīvite voropiyamāne tassapi hetu. Janapadakalyāṇiyāti janapade uttamitthiyā. Tatiyādīni.

Dutiyo vaggo.

3. Tatiyavaggo

1. Mātugāmasuttaṃ

170. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… na tassa, bhikkhave, mātugāmo eko ekassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati yassa lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko …pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

170. Yaṃ visabhāgavatthu purisassa cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhātuṃ sakkotīti vuccati, tato visesato lābhasakkārova sattānaṃ cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhātuṃ sakkotīti dassento bhagavā ‘‘na tassa, bhikkhave’’tiādimavocāti dassento **‘‘na tassā’’**tiādimāha.

Mātugāmasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Kalyāṇīsuttaṃ

171. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… na tassa, bhikkhave, janapadakalyāṇī ekā ekassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati yassa lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

170-171. Tatiyavaggassa paṭhame na tassa, bhikkhave, mātugāmoti na tassa raho ekakassa nisinnassa tena dhammena atthikopi mātugāmo cittaṃ pariyādātuṃ sakkoti, yassa lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādātuṃ sakkotīti, attho. Dutiyaṃ uttānamevāti. Paṭhamadutiyāni.

171. Dutiyaṃ uttānameva, tasseva atthassa kevalaṃ janapadakalyāṇīvasena vuttaṃ.

Kalyāṇīsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Ekaputtakasuttaṃ

172. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… saddhā, bhikkhave, upāsikā ekaputtakaṃ piyaṃ manāpaṃ evaṃ sammā āyācamānā āyāceyya – ‘tādiso, tāta, bhavāhi yādiso citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako’ti. Esā, bhikkhave, tulā etaṃ pamāṇaṃ mama sāvakānaṃ upāsakānaṃ, yadidaṃ citto ca gahapati hatthako ca āḷavako. Sace kho tvaṃ, tāta, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajasi; tādiso, tāta, bhavāhi yādisā sāriputtamoggallānāti. Esā, bhikkhave, tulā etaṃ pamāṇaṃ mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, yadidaṃ sāriputtamoggalānā. Mā ca kho tvaṃ, tāta, sekhaṃ appattamānasaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko anupāpuṇātūti. Tañce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ sekhaṃ appattamānasaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko anupāpuṇāti, so tassa hoti antarāyāya. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Ekadhītusuttaṃ

173. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… saddhā bhikkhave upāsikā ekaṃ dhītaraṃ piyaṃ manāpaṃ evaṃ sammā āyācamānā āyāceyya – ‘tādisā, ayye, bhavāhi yādisā khujjuttarā ca upāsikā veḷukaṇḍakiyā veḷukaṇḍakī (sī. chakkaṅguttarepi) ca nandamātā’ti. Esā, bhikkhave, tulā etaṃ pamāṇaṃ mama sāvikānaṃ upāsikānaṃ, yadidaṃ khujjuttarā ca upāsikā veḷukaṇḍakiyā ca nandamātā. Sace kho tvaṃ, ayye, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajasi; tādisā, ayye, bhavāhi yādisā khemā ca bhikkhunī uppalavaṇṇā cāti. Esā, bhikkhave, tulā etaṃ pamāṇaṃ mama sāvikānaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ, yadidaṃ khemā ca bhikkhunī uppalavaṇṇā ca. Mā ca kho tvaṃ, ayye, sekhaṃ appattamānasaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko anupāpuṇātūti. Taṃ ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniṃ sekhaṃ appattamānasaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko anupāpuṇāti, so tassā hoti antarāyāya. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Samaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

174. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā lābhasakkārasilokassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca pana te āyasmantā sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti. Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā lābhasakkārasilokassa assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te ca kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā, te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

175. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā lābhasakkārasilokassa samudayañca atthaṅgamañca assādañca ādīnavañca nissaraṇañca yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… pajānanti…pe… sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

172-175. Tatiye saddhāti sotāpannā. Sesamettha uttānameva. Tathā catutthe pañcame chaṭṭhe ca. Tatiyādīni.

172-175. Saddhāti ariyamaggena āgatasaddhā adhippetāti āha **‘‘sotāpannā’’**ti.

Ekaputtakasuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Tatiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

176. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, lābhasakkārasilokasamudayaṃ nappajānanti, lābhasakkārasilokanirodhaṃ nappajānanti, lābhasakkārasilokanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ nappajānanti …pe… pajānanti…pe… sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

176. Sattame samudayantiādīsu saha pubbakammena attabhāvo kolaputtiyaṃ vaṇṇapokkharatā kalyāṇavākkaraṇatā dhutaguṇāvīkaraṇaṃ cīvaradhāraṇaṃ parivārasampattīti evamādi lābhasakkārassa samudayo nāma, taṃ samudayasaccavasena nappajānāti, nirodho ca paṭipadā ca nirodhasaccamaggasaccavaseneva veditabbā. Sattamaṃ.

176. Evamādīti ādi-saddena bāhusaccasaṃvarasīlādīnaṃ saṅgaho daṭṭhabbo. Lābhasakkārassa samudayaṃ uppattikāraṇaṃ samudayasaccavasena dukkhasaccassa uppattihetutāvasena.

Tatiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Chavisuttaṃ

177. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko. Lābhasakkārasiloko, bhikkhave, chaviṃ chindati, chaviṃ chetvā cammaṃ chindati, cammaṃ chetvā maṃsaṃ chindati, maṃsaṃ chetvā nhāruṃ chindati, nhāruṃ chetvā aṭṭhiṃ chindati, aṭṭhiṃ chetvā aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

177. Aṭṭhame yasmā lābhasakkārasiloko narakādīsu, nibbattento sakalampi imaṃ attabhāvaṃ nāseti, idhāpi maraṇampi maraṇamattampi dukkhaṃ āvahati, tasmā chaviṃ chindatītiādi vuttaṃ. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

177. Lābhasakkārasiloko narakādīsu nibbattentoti idaṃ tannissayaṃ kilesagaṇaṃ sandhāyāha. Nibbattentoti nibbattāpento. Imaṃ manussaattabhāvaṃ nāseti manussattaṃ puna nibbattituṃ appadānavasena. Tasmāti duggatinibbattāpanato idha maraṇadukkhāvahanato ca.

Chavisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Rajjusuttaṃ

178. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko. Lābhasakkārasiloko, bhikkhave, chaviṃ chindati, chaviṃ chetvā cammaṃ chindati, cammaṃ chetvā maṃsaṃ chindati, maṃsaṃ chetvā nhāruṃ chindati, nhāruṃ chetvā aṭṭhiṃ chindati, aṭṭhiṃ chetvā aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, balavā puriso daḷhāya vāḷarajjuyā jaṅghaṃ veṭhetvā ghaṃseyya. Sā chaviṃ chindeyya, chaviṃ chetvā cammaṃ chindeyya, cammaṃ chetvā maṃsaṃ chindeyya, maṃsaṃ chetvā nhāruṃ chindeyya, nhāruṃ chetvā aṭṭhiṃ chindeyya, aṭṭhiṃ chetvā aṭṭhimiñjaṃ āhacca tiṭṭheyya. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko chaviṃ chindati, chaviṃ chetvā cammaṃ chindati, cammaṃ chetvā maṃsaṃ chindati, maṃsaṃ chetvā nhāruṃ chindati, nhāruṃ chetvā aṭṭhiṃ chindati, aṭṭhiṃ chetvā aṭṭhiṃmiñjaṃ āhacca tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Navamaṃ.

178. Navame vāḷarajjuyāti suttādimayā rajju mudukā hoti vāḷarajju kharā pharusā, tasmā ayameva gahitā. Navamaṃ.

178. Kharā pharusā chaviādīni chindane samatthā.

Rajjusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Bhikkhusuttaṃ

179. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yopi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu arahaṃ khīṇāsavo tassapāhaṃ lābhasakkārasiloko antarāyāya vadāmī’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kissa pana, bhante, khīṇāsavassa bhikkhuno lābhasakkārasiloko antarāyāyā’’ti? ‘‘Yā hissa sā, ānanda, akuppā cetovimutti nāhaṃ tassā lābhasakkārasilokaṃ antarāyāya vadāmi. Ye ca khvassa, ānanda, appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārā adhigatā tesāhamassa lābhasakkārasilokaṃ antarāyāya vadāmi. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, ānanda, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Tasmātihānanda, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pajahissāma, na ca no uppanno lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Evañhi vo, ānanda, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dasamaṃ.

Tatiyo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Mātugāmo ca kalyāṇī, putto ca ekadhītu ca;

Samaṇabrāhmaṇā tīṇi, chavi rajju ca bhikkhunāti.

179. Dasame diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāti phalasamāpattisukhavihārā. Tesāhamassāti tesaṃ ahaṃ assa. Khīṇāsavo hi lābhī puññasampanno yāgukhajjakādīni gahetvā āgatāgatānaṃ anumodanaṃ karonto dhammaṃ desento pañhaṃ vissajjento phalasamāpattiṃ appetvā nisīdituṃ okāsaṃ na labhati, taṃ sandhāya vuttanti. Dasamaṃ.

Tatiyo vaggo.

179. Taṃ sandhāyāti diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārassa okāsābhāvaṃ sandhāya.

Bhikkhusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Tatiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Catutthavaggo

1. Bhindisuttaṃ

180. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko. Lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūto pariyādiṇṇacitto, bhikkhave, devadatto saṅghaṃ bhindi. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… sikkhitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Kusalamūlasuttaṃ

181. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko. Lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtassa pariyādiṇṇacittassa, bhikkhave, devadattassa kusalamūlaṃ samucchedamagamā. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… sikkhitabba’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Kusaladhammasuttaṃ

182. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko. Lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtassa pariyādiṇṇacittassa, bhikkhave, devadattassa kusalo dhammo samucchedamagamā. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… sikkhitabba’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Sukkadhammasuttaṃ

183. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko. Lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtassa pariyādiṇṇacittassa, bhikkhave, devadattassa sukko dhammo samucchedamagamā. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… sikkhitabba’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

180-183. Catutthavaggassa paṭhamaṃ uttānameva. Dutiyādīsu kusalamūlanti alobhāditividhakusaladhammo. Sukko dhammoti tasseva pariyāyadesanā. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepattho – yassa kusalamūlādisaṅkhātassa anavajjadhammassa asamucchinnattā devadatto sagge vā nibbatteyya, maggaphalāni vā adhigaccheyya, svāssa samucchedamagamā sabbaso samucchinno vinaṭṭho. Paṭhamādīni.

180-183. Devadatto sagge vā nibbatteyyātiādi parikappavacanaṃ. Na hi paccekabodhiyaṃ niyatagatiko antarā maggaphalāni adhigantuṃ bhabboti. Soti anavajjadhammo. Assāti devadattassa. Samucchedamagamā katūpacitassa mahato pāpadhammassa balena tasmiṃ attabhāve samucchedabhāvato, na accantāya. Akusalaṃ nāmetaṃ abalaṃ, kusalaṃ viya na mahābalaṃ, tasmā tasmiṃyeva attabhāve tādisānaṃ puggalānaṃ atekicchatā, aññathā sammattaniyāmo viya micchattaniyāmo accantiko siyā. Yadi evaṃ vaṭṭakhāṇukajotanā kathanti? Āsevanāvasena, tasmā yathā ‘‘sakiṃ nimuggo nimuggo eva bālo’’ti vuttaṃ, evaṃ vaṭṭakhāṇukajotanā. Yādise hi paccaye paṭicca puggalo taṃ dassanaṃ gaṇhi, tathā ca paṭipanno, puna acintappativatte paccaye patitato sīsukkhipanamassa na hotīti na vattabbaṃ.

Bhindisuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Acirapakkantasuttaṃ

184. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate acirapakkante devadatte. Tatra kho bhagavā devadattaṃ ārabbha bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘attavadhāya, bhikkhave, devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kadalī attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, veḷu attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, naḷo attavadhāya phalaṃ deti, parābhavāya phalaṃ deti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, assatarī attavadhāya gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti, parābhavāya gabbhaṃ gaṇhāti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, attavadhāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi, parābhavāya devadattassa lābhasakkārasiloko udapādi. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Phalaṃ ve kadaliṃ hanti, phalaṃ veḷuṃ phalaṃ naḷaṃ;

Sakkāro kāpurisaṃ hanti, gabbho assatariṃ yathāti’’. pañcamaṃ;

184. Pañcame parābhavāyāti avaḍḍhiyā vināsāya. Assatarīti vaḷavāya kucchismiṃ gadrabhassa jātā. Attavadhāya gabbhaṃ gaṇhātīti taṃ assena saddhiṃ sampayojenti, sā gabbhaṃ gaṇhitvā kāle sampatte vijāyituṃ na sakkoti, pādehi bhūmiyaṃ paharantī tiṭṭhati, athassā cattāro pāde catūsu khāṇukesu bandhitvā kucchiṃ phāletvā potaṃ nīharanti, sā tattheva marati. Tenetaṃ vuttaṃ. Pañcamaṃ.

184. Kāle sampatteti gabbhassa paripākagatattā vijāyanakāle sampatte. Potanti assatariyā puttaṃ. Etanti ‘‘gabbho assatariṃ yathā’’ti etaṃ vacanaṃ.

Acirapakkantasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Pañcarathasatasuttaṃ

185. Rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena devadattassa ajātasattukumāro pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṃ pātaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ gacchati, pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro abhiharīyati. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘devadattassa, bhante, ajātasattukumāro pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṃ pātaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ gacchati, pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro abhiharīyatī’’ti. ‘‘Mā, bhikkhave, devadattassa lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pihayittha. Yāvakīvañca, bhikkhave, devadattassa ajātasattukumāro pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṃ pātaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ gamissati, pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro āharīyissati, hāniyeva, bhikkhave, devadattassa pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi’’.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, caṇḍassa kukkurassa nāsāya pittaṃ bhindeyyuṃ, evañhi so, bhikkhave, kukkuro bhiyyosomattāya caṇḍataro assa; evameva, bhikkhave, yāvakīvañca devadattassa ajātasattukumāro pañcahi rathasatehi sāyaṃ pātaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ gamissati, pañca ca thālipākasatāni bhattābhihāro āharīyissati, hāniyeva, bhikkhave, devadattassa pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu, no vuddhi. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko…pe… evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

185. Chaṭṭhe bhattābhihāroti abhiharitabbaṃ bhattaṃ. Tassa pana pamāṇaṃ dassetuṃ pañca ca thālipākasatānīti vuttaṃ. Tattha eko thālipāko dasannaṃ purisānaṃ bhattaṃ gaṇhāti. Nāsāya pittaṃ bhindeyyunti acchapittaṃ vā macchapittaṃ vāssa nāsapuṭe pakkhipeyyaṃ. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

185. Abhiharīyatīti abhihāro, bhattaṃyeva abhihāro bhattābhihāroti āha **‘‘abhiharitabbaṃ bhatta’’**nti. Macchapittanti vāḷamacchapittaṃ. Pakkhipeyyunti uragādinā osiñceyyuṃ.

Pañcarathasatasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Mātusuttaṃ

186. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – ‘na cāyamāyasmā mātupi hetu sampajānamusā bhāseyyā’ti. Tamenaṃ passāmi aparena samayena lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ sampajānamusā bhāsantaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pajahissāma. Na ca no uppanno lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

8-13. Pitusuttādichakkaṃ

187. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘dāruṇo, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ekaccaṃ puggalaṃ evaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāmi – ‘na cāyamāyasmā pitupi hetu…pe… bhātupi hetu… bhaginiyāpi hetu… puttassapi hetu… dhītuyāpi hetu… pajāpatiyāpi hetu sampajānamusā bhāseyyā’ti. Tamenaṃ passāmi aparena samayena lābhasakkārasilokena abhibhūtaṃ pariyādiṇṇacittaṃ sampajānamusā bhāsantaṃ. Evaṃ dāruṇo kho, bhikkhave, lābhasakkārasiloko kaṭuko pharuso antarāyiko anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘uppannaṃ lābhasakkārasilokaṃ pajahissāma, na ca no uppanno lābhasakkārasiloko cittaṃ pariyādāya ṭhassatī’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Terasamaṃ.

Catuttho vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Bhindi mūlaṃ duve dhammā, pakkantaṃ ratha mātari;

Pitā bhātā ca bhaginī, putto dhītā pajāpatīti.

Lābhasakkārasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

186-187. Sattame mātupi hetūti ‘‘sace musā bhaṇasi, mātaraṃ te vissajjessāma. No ce bhaṇasi, na vissajjessāmā’’ti evaṃ corehi aṭaviyaṃ pucchamāno tassā corahatthagatāya mātuyāpi hetu sampajānamusā na bhāseyyāti attho. Ito paresupi eseva nayoti. Sattamādīni.

Lābhasakkārasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

186-187. Mātupi hetūti attano mātuyā uppannaanatthāvahassa pahānahetupi. Ito paresūti ‘‘pitupi hetū’’ti evamādīsu.

Mātusuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Lābhasakkārasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

7. Rāhulasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. Cakkhusuttaṃ

188. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho āyasmā rāhulo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetu, yamahaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ sutvā eko vūpakaṭṭho appamatto ātāpī pahitatto vihareyya’’nti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhuṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sotaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe…. ‘‘Ghānaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘jivhā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘kāyo nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’ …pe… ‘‘mano nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.

‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusmimpi nibbindati …pe… sotasmimpi nibbindati… ghānasmimpi nibbindati… jivhāyapi nibbindati… kāyasmimpi nibbindati… manasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Rūpasuttaṃ

189. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… saddā… gandhā… rasā… phoṭṭhabbā… dhammā niccā vā aniccā vāti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpesupi nibbindati… saddesupi nibbindati… gandhesupi nibbindati… rasesupi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbesupi nibbindati… dhammesupi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Viññāṇasuttaṃ

190. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhuviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘sotaviññāṇaṃ…pe… ghānaviññāṇaṃ… jivhāviññāṇaṃ… kāyaviññāṇaṃ… manoviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’ …pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhuviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati…pe… sotaviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… ghānaviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… jivhāviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… kāyaviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati… manoviññāṇasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Samphassasuttaṃ

191. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhusamphasso nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘sotasamphasso…pe… ghānasamphasso… jivhāsamphasso… kāyasamphasso… manosamphasso nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusamphassasmimpi nibbindati…pe… sotasamphassasmimpi nibbindati… ghānasamphassasmimpi nibbindati… jivhāsamphassasmimpi nibbindati… kāyasamphassasmimpi nibbindati… manosamphassasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Vedanāsuttaṃ

192. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhusamphassajā vedanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘sotasamphassajā vedanā…pe… ghānasamphassajā vedanā… jivhāsamphassajā vedanā… kāyasamphassajā vedanā… manosamphassajā vedanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusamphassajāya vedanāyapi nibbindati…pe… sota… ghāna… jivhā… kāya… manosamphassajāya vedanāyapi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Saññāsuttaṃ

193. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpasaññā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘saddasaññā…pe… gandhasaññā… rasasaññā… phoṭṭhabbasaññā… dhammasaññā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasaññāyapi nibbindati…pe… saddasaññāyapi nibbindati… gandhasaññāyapi nibbindati… rasasaññāyapi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbasaññāyapi nibbindati… dhammasaññāyapi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Sañcetanāsuttaṃ

194. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpasañcetanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘saddasañcetanā…pe… gandhasañcetanā… rasasañcetanā … phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā… dhammasañcetanā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasañcetanāyapi nibbindati…pe… saddasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… gandhasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… rasasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbasañcetanāyapi nibbindati… dhammasañcetanāyapi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Taṇhāsuttaṃ

195. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpataṇhā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘saddataṇhā…pe… gandhataṇhā… rasataṇhā… phoṭṭhabbataṇhā… dhammataṇhā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpataṇhāyapi nibbindati…pe… saddataṇhāyapi nibbindati… gandhataṇhāyapi nibbindati… rasataṇhāyapi nibbindati… phoṭṭhabbataṇhāya nibbindati… dhammataṇhāyapi nibbindati …pe… pajānātī’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

188-195. Rāhulasaṃyuttassa paṭhame ekoti catūsu iriyāpathesu ekavihārī. Vūpakaṭṭhoti vivekaṭṭho nissaddo. Appamattoti satiyā avippavasanto. Ātāpīti vīriyasampanno. Pahitatto vihareyyanti visesādhigamatthāya pesitatto hutvā vihareyyaṃ. Aniccanti hutvā abhāvākārena aniccaṃ. Atha vā uppādavayavantatāya tāvakālikatāya vipariṇāmakoṭiyā niccapaṭikkhepatoti imehipi kāraṇehi aniccaṃ. Dukkhanti catūhi kāraṇehi dukkhaṃ dukkhamanaṭṭhena dukkhavatthukaṭṭhena satatasampīḷanaṭṭhena sukhapaṭikkhepenāti. Kallanti yuttaṃ. Etaṃ mamāti taṇhāgāho. Esohamasmīti mānagāho. Eso me attāti diṭṭhigāho. Taṇhāgāho cettha aṭṭhasatataṇhāvicaritavasena, mānagāho navavidhamānavasena, diṭṭhigāho dvāsaṭṭhidiṭṭhivasena veditabbo. Nibbindaṃ virajjatīti ettha virāgavasena cattāro maggā kathitā, virāgā vimuccatīti ettha vimuttivasena cattāri sāmaññaphalāni.

Ettha ca pañcasu dvāresu pasādāva gahitā, manoti iminā tebhūmakaṃ sammasanacāracittaṃ. Dutiye pañcasu dvāresu ārammaṇameva. Tatiye pañcasu dvāresu pasādavatthukacittameva, manoviññāṇena tebhūmakaṃ sammasanacāracittaṃ gahitaṃ. Evaṃ sabbattha nayo netabbo. Chaṭṭhe tebhūmakadhammā. Aṭṭhame pana taṇhāti tasmiṃ tasmiṃ dvāre javanappattāva labbhati. Paṭhamādīni.

188-195. Ekavihārīti catūsupi iriyāpathesu ekākī hutvā viharanto. Vivekaṭṭhoti vivittaṭṭho, tenāha **‘‘nissaddo’’**ti. Satiyā avippavasantoti satiyā avippavāsena ṭhito, sabbadā avijahanavasena pavatto. Ātāpīti vīriyasampannoti sabbaso kilesānaṃ ātāpanaparitāpanavasena pavattavīriyasamaṅgībhūto. Pahitattoti tasmiṃ visesādhigame pesitacitto, tattha ninno tappabbhāroti attho. Hutvā abhāvākārenāti uppattito pubbe avijjamāno paccayasamavāyena hutvā uppajjitvā bhaṅguparamasaṅkhātena abhāvākārena. Aniccanti niccadhuvatābhāvato. Uppādavayavantatāyāti khaṇe khaṇe uppajjitvā nirujjhanato. Tāvakālikatāyāti taṅkhaṇikatāya. Vipariṇāmakoṭiyāti vipariṇāmavantatāya. Cakkhuñhi upādāya vikārāpajjanena vipariṇamantaṃ vināsaṃ paṭipīḷaṃ pāpuṇāti. Niccapaṭikkhepatoti niccatāya paṭikkhipitabbato lesamattassapi anupalabbhanato. Dukkhamanaṭṭhenāti nirantaradukkhatāya dukkhena khamitabbato. Dukkhavatthukaṭṭhenāti nānappakāradukkhādhiṭṭhānato. Satatasampīḷanaṭṭhenāti abhiṇhatāpasabhāvato. Sukhapaṭikkhepenāti sukhabhāvassa paṭikkhipitabbato. Taṇhāgāho mamaṃkārabhāvato. Mānagāho ahaṃkārabhāvato. Diṭṭhigāho ‘‘attā me’’ti vipallāsabhāvato. Virāgavasenāti virāgaggahaṇena. Tathā vimuttivasenāti vimuttiggahaṇena.

9. Dhātusuttaṃ

196. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, pathavīdhātu niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘āpodhātu…pe… tejodhātu… vāyodhātu… ākāsadhātu… viññāṇadhātu niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako pathavīdhātuyāpi nibbindati…pe… āpodhātuyāpi nibbindati… tejodhātuyāpi nibbindati… vāyodhātuyāpi nibbindati… ākāsadhātuyāpi nibbindati… viññāṇadhātuyāpi nibbindati…pe… pajānātī’’ti. Navamaṃ.

196. Navame viññāṇadhātuvasena nāmaṃ, sesāhi rūpanti nāmarūpaṃ kathitaṃ. Navamaṃ.

196. Ākāsadhātu rūpaparicchedatāya rūpapariyāpannanti adhippāyena **‘‘sesāhi rūpa’’**nti vuttaṃ. Nāmarūpanti tebhūmakaṃ nāmaṃ rūpañca kathitaṃ.

Dhātusuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Khandhasuttaṃ

197. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘vedanā…pe… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’…pe… ‘‘evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako rūpasmimpi nibbindati…pe… vedanāyapi nibbindati… saññāyapi nibbindati… saṅkhāresupi nibbindati… viññāṇasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Paṭhamo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Cakkhu rūpañca viññāṇaṃ, samphasso vedanāya ca;

Saññā sañcetanā taṇhā, dhātu khandhena te dasāti.

197. Dasame rūpakkhandho kāmāvacaro, sesā cattāro sabbasaṅgāhikaparicchedena catubhūmakā. Idha pana tebhūmakāti gahetabbā. Dasamaṃ.

Paṭhamo vaggo.

197. Sabbasaṅgāhikaparicchedenāti dhammasaṅgaṇhanapariyāyena. Idhāti imasmiṃ sutte. Tebhūmakāti gahetabbā sammasanacārassa adhippetattā.

Khandhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Dutiyavaggo

1. Cakkhusuttaṃ

198. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā rāhulo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ rāhulaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, cakkhuṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Sotaṃ…pe… ghānaṃ… jivhā… kāyo… mano nicco vā anicco vā’’ti? ‘‘Anicco, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ, dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ – ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Evaṃ passaṃ, rāhula, sutavā ariyasāvako cakkhusmimpi nibbindati…pe… sotasmimpi nibbindati… ghānasmimpi nibbindati … jivhāyapi nibbindati… kāyasmimpi nibbindati… manasmimpi nibbindati; nibbindaṃ virajjati; virāgā vimuccati; vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānātī’’ti. Etena peyyālena dasa suttantā kātabbā. Paṭhamaṃ.

2-10. Rūpādisuttanavakaṃ

199. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rāhula, rūpā niccā vā aniccā vā’’ti? ‘‘Aniccā, bhante’’…pe… saddā… gandhā… rasā… phoṭṭhabbā… dhammā….

‘‘Cakkhuviññāṇaṃ…pe… sotaviññāṇaṃ… ghānaviññāṇaṃ… jivhāviññāṇaṃ… kāyaviññāṇaṃ… manoviññāṇaṃ….

‘‘Cakkhusamphasso…pe… sotasamphasso… ghānasamphasso… jivhāsamphasso… kāyasamphasso… manosamphasso….

‘‘Cakkhusamphassajā vedanā…pe… sotasamphassajā vedanā… ghānasamphassajā vedanā… jivhāsamphassajā vedanā… kāyasamphassajā vedanā… manosamphassajā vedanā….

‘‘Rūpasaññā…pe… saddasaññā… gandhasaññā… rasasaññā… phoṭṭhabbasaññā… dhammasaññā….

‘‘Rūpasañcetanā…pe… saddasañcetanā… gandhasañcetanā… rasasañcetanā… phoṭṭhabbasañcetanā… dhammasañcetanā….

‘‘Rūpataṇhā …pe… saddataṇhā… gandhataṇhā… rasataṇhā… phoṭṭhabbataṇhā… dhammataṇhā….

‘‘Pathavīdhātu…pe… āpodhātu… tejodhātu… vāyodhātu… ākāsadhātu … viññāṇadhātu….

‘‘Rūpaṃ …pe… vedanā… saññā… saṅkhārā… viññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā’’ti? Aniccaṃ, bhante…pe… evaṃ passaṃ rāhula…pe… nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānātīti. Dasamaṃ.

198-199. Dutiye dasa uttānatthāneva. Paṭhamādīni.

11. Anusayasuttaṃ

200. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā rāhulo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, rāhula, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passati. Evaṃ kho, rāhula, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā na hontī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

200. Ekādasame imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāyeti attano saviññāṇakakāyaṃ dasseti, bahiddhā cāti parassa saviññāṇakaṃ vā aviññāṇakaṃ vā. Purimena vā attano ca parassa ca viññāṇameva dasseti, pacchimena bahiddhā anindriyabaddharūpaṃ. Ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayāti ahaṃkāradiṭṭhi ca mamaṃkārataṇhā ca mānānusayā ca. Na hontīti ete kilesā kathaṃ jānantassa etesu vatthūsu na hontīti pucchati. Sammappaññāya passatīti saha vipassanāya maggapaññāya suṭṭhu passati. Ekādasamaṃ.

200. Dutiyavagge attanoti āyasmā rāhulo attano saviññāṇakaṃ kāyaṃ dasseti. Parassāti parassa aviññāṇakakāyaṃ dasseti. Parasantāne vā arūpe dhamme aggahetvā rūpakāyameva gaṇhanto vadati. Apare ‘‘asaññasattānaṃ attabhāvaṃ sandhāya tathā vutta’’nti vadanti. Purimenāti ‘‘imasmiṃ saviññāṇake kāye’’ti iminā padena. Pacchimenāti ‘‘bahiddhā’’ti iminā padena. Ete kilesāti ete diṭṭhitaṇhāmānasaññitā kilesā. Etesu vatthūsūti ajjhattabahiddhāvatthūsu. Samma…pe… passatīti pubbabhāge vipassanāñāṇena sammasanavasena, maggakkhaṇe abhisamayavasena suṭṭhu attapaccakkhena ñāṇena passati.

Anusayasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

12. Apagatasuttaṃ

201. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā rāhulo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā rāhulo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho, bhante, jānato kathaṃ passato imasmiṃ ca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti vidhā samatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti? ‘‘Yaṃ kiñci, rāhula, rūpaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā sabbaṃ rūpaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādā vimutto hoti’’.

‘‘Yā kāci vedanā…pe… yā kāci saññā… ye keci saṅkhārā… yaṃ kiñci viññāṇaṃ atītānāgatapaccuppannaṃ ajjhattaṃ vā bahiddhā vā oḷārikaṃ vā sukhumaṃ vā hīnaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vā yaṃ dūre santike vā, sabbaṃ viññāṇaṃ ‘netaṃ mama, nesohamasmi, na meso attā’ti evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā anupādā vimutto hoti. Evaṃ kho, rāhula, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagataṃ mānasaṃ hoti vidhā samatikkantaṃ santaṃ suvimutta’’nti. Dvādasamaṃ.

Dutiyo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Cakkhu rūpañca viññāṇaṃ, samphasso vedanāya ca;

Saññā sañcetanā taṇhā, dhātu khandhena te dasa;

Anusayaṃ apagatañceva, vaggo tena pavuccatīti.

Rāhulasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

201. Dvādasame ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānāpagatanti ahaṃkārato ca mamaṃkārato ca mānato ca apagataṃ. Vidhā samatikkantanti mānakoṭṭhāse suṭṭhu atikkantaṃ. Santaṃ suvimuttanti kilesavūpasamena santaṃ, kileseheva suṭṭhu vimuttaṃ. Sesaṃ uttānamevāti. Dvādasamaṃ.

Dutiyo vaggo.

Dvīsupi asekkhabhūmi kathitā. Paṭhamo panettha āyācantassa desito, dutiyo anāyācantassa. Sakalepi pana rāhulasaṃyutte therassa vimuttiparipācanīyadhammāva kathitāti.

Rāhulasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

201. ‘‘Ahameta’’nti ahaṃkārādīnaṃ anavasesappahānena accantameva apagataṃ.

Apagatasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Dutiyavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Dvīsūti paṭhamavaggādīsu. Desanāya asekkhabhūmiyā desitattā asekkhabhūmi kathitā. Paṭhamoti paṭhamavaggo ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā’’tiādinā āyācantassa, dutiyo anāyācantassa therassa ajjhāsayavasena kathito. Vimuttiparipācanīyadhammā nāma vivaṭṭasannissitā saddhindriyādayo. Tena pana vipassanāya kathitattā kathitā evāti. Taṃtaṃdesanānusārena hi thero te dhamme paripākaṃ pāpesi. Tathā hi bhagavā dutiyavaggaṃ anāyācitopi desesi.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Rāhulasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

8. Lakkhaṇasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Paṭhamavaggo

1. Aṭṭhisuttaṃ

202. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ca lakkhaṇo āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno mahāmoggalāno (ka.) gijjhakūṭe pabbate viharanti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yenāyasmā lakkhaṇo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ lakkhaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āyāmāvuso ehi āvuso (syā. kaṃ. ka.) lakkhaṇa, rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pavisissāmā’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā lakkhaṇo āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paccassosi. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto aññatarasmiṃ padese sitaṃ pātvākāsi. Atha kho āyasmā lakkhaṇo āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ko nu kho, āvuso moggallāna, hetu ko paccayo sitassa pātukammāyā’’ti? ‘‘Akālo kho, āvuso lakkhaṇa, etassa pañhassa. Bhagavato maṃ santike etaṃ pañhaṃ pucchā’’ti.

Atha kho āyasmā ca lakkhaṇo āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno rājagahe piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā lakkhaṇo āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāyasmā mahāmoggallāno gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto aññatarasmiṃ padese sitaṃ pātvākāsi. Ko nu kho, āvuso moggallāna, hetu ko paccayo sitassa pātukammāyā’’ti?

‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā phāsuḷantarikāhi vitudenti vitacchenti virājenti vitudenti (sī.), vitacchenti vibhajenti (pī. ka.). Sā sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho! Evarūpopi nāma satto bhavissati! Evarūpopi nāma yakkho bhavissati! Evarūpopi nāma attabhāvapaṭilābho bhavissatī’’’ti!!

Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘cakkhubhūtā vata, bhikkhave, sāvakā viharanti; ñāṇabhūtā vata, bhikkhave, sāvakā viharanti, yatra hi nāma sāvako evarūpaṃ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sakkhiṃ vā karissati. Pubbeva me so, bhikkhave, satto diṭṭho ahosi, api cāhaṃ na byākāsiṃ. Ahañcetaṃ ahamevetaṃ (sī.) byākareyyaṃ, pare ca me pare me (sī.) na saddaheyyuṃ. Ye me na saddaheyyuṃ, tesaṃ taṃ assa dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe goghātako ahosi. So tassa kammassa vipākena bahūni vassāni bahūni vassasatāni bahūni vassasahassāni bahūni vassasatasahassāni niraye paccitvā tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesena evarūpaṃ attabhāvapaṭilābhaṃ paṭisaṃvedayatī’’ti. (Sabbesaṃ suttantānaṃ eseva peyyālo). Paṭhamaṃ.

202. Lakkhaṇasaṃyutte yvāyaṃ āyasmā ca lakkhaṇoti lakkhaṇatthero vutto, esa jaṭilasahassabbhantare ehibhikkhūpasampadāya upasampanno ādittapariyāyāvasāne arahattaṃ patto eko mahāsāvakoti veditabbo. Yasmā panesa lakkhaṇasampannena sabbākāraparipūrena brahmasamena attabhāvena samannāgato, tasmā ‘‘lakkhaṇo’’ti saṅkhaṃ gato. Mahāmoggallāno pana pabbajitadivasato sattame divase arahattaṃ patto dutiyo aggasāvako.

Sitaṃ pātvākāsīti mandahasitaṃ pātuakāsi, pakāsayi dassesīti vuttaṃ hoti. Kiṃ pana disvā thero sitaṃ pātvākāsīti? Upari pāḷiyaṃ āgataṃ aṭṭhikasaṅkhalikaṃ ekaṃ petaloke nibbattaṃ sattaṃ disvā. Tañca kho dibbena cakkhunā, na pasādacakkhunā. Pasādacakkhussa hi ete attabhāvā na āpāthaṃ āgacchanti. Evarūpaṃ pana attabhāvaṃ disvā kāruññe kattabbe kasmā sitaṃ pātvākāsīti? Attano ca buddhañāṇassa ca sampattiṃ samanussaraṇato. Tañhi disvā thero ‘‘adiṭṭhasaccena nāma puggalena paṭilabhitabbā evarūpā attabhāvā mutto ahaṃ, lābhā vata me, suladdhaṃ vata me’’ti attano ca sampattiṃ anussaritvā – ‘‘aho buddhassa bhagavato ñāṇasampatti, ‘yo kammavipāko, bhikkhave, acinteyyo na cintetabbo’ti desesi, paccakkhaṃ vata katvā buddhā desenti, suppaṭividdhā buddhānaṃ dhammadhātū’’ti evaṃ buddhañāṇasampattiñca anussaritvā sitaṃ pātvākāsīti.

Atha lakkhaṇatthero kasmā na addasa, kimassa dibbacakkhu natthīti? No natthi, mahāmoggallāno pana āvajjento addasa, itaro pana anāvajjanena na addasa. Yasmā pana khīṇāsavā nāma na akāraṇā sitaṃ karonti, tasmā taṃ lakkhaṇatthero pucchi ko nu kho, āvuso moggallāna, hetu, ko paccayo sitassa pātukammāyāti? Thero pana yasmā yehi ayaṃ upapatti sāmaṃ adiṭṭhā, te dussaddhāpayā honti, tasmā bhagavantaṃ sakkhiṃ katvā byākātukāmatāya akālo kho, āvusotiādimāha. Tato bhagavato santike puṭṭho idhāhaṃ, āvusotiādinā nayena byākāsi.

2. Pesisuttaṃ

203. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ maṃsapesiṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitacchenti virājenti virājenti (sī. syā. kaṃ.), vibhajenti (pī. ka.). Sā sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe goghātako ahosi…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

203. Maṃsapesivatthusmiṃ goghātakoti gomaṃsapesiyo katvā sukkhāpetvā vallūravikkayena anekāni vassāni jīvikaṃ kappesi, tenassa narakā cavanakāle maṃsapesiyeva nimittaṃ ahosi. So maṃsapesipeto jāto. Dutiyaṃ.

203. Gomaṃsapesiyo katvāti gāviṃ vadhitvā vadhitvā gomaṃsaṃ phāletvā pesiyo katvā. Sukkhāpetvāti kālantaraṃ ṭhapanatthaṃ sukkhāpetvā. Sukkhāpiyamānānaṃ maṃsapesīnañhi vallūrasamaññā.

Pesisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Piṇḍasuttaṃ

204. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ maṃsapiṇḍaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitacchenti virājenti. Sā sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe sākuṇiko ahosi…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

204. Maṃsapiṇḍavatthusmiṃ sākuṇikoti sakuṇe gahetvā vikkiṇanakāle nippakkhacamme maṃsapiṇḍamatte katvā vikkiṇanto jīvikaṃ kappesi, tenassa narakā cavanakāle maṃsapiṇḍova nimittaṃ ahosi. So maṃsapiṇḍapeto jāto. Tatiyaṃ.

204. Nippakkhacammeti vigatapakkhacamme.

4. Nicchavisuttaṃ

205. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ nicchaviṃ purisaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitacchenti virājenti. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe orabbhiko ahosi…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

205. Nicchavivatthusmiṃ tassa orabbhikassa eḷake vadhitvā vadhitvā niccamme katvā kappitajīvikassa purimanayeneva niccammaṃ eḷakasarīraṃ nimittaṃ ahosi. So nicchavipeto jāto. Catutthaṃ.

205. Urabbhe hanatīti orabbhiko. Eḷaketi aje.

5. Asilomasuttaṃ

206. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ asilomaṃ purisaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa te asī uppatitvā uppatitvā tasseva kāye nipatanti. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe sūkariko ahosi…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

206. Asilomavatthusmiṃ so sūkariko dīgharattaṃ nivāpapuṭṭhe sūkare asinā vadhitvā vadhitvā dīgharattaṃ jīvikaṃ kappesi, tassa ukkhittāsikabhāvova nimittaṃ ahosi. Tasmā asilomapeto jāto. Pañcamaṃ.

206. Nivāpapuṭṭheti attanā dinnanivāpena posite. Asinā vadhitvā vadhitvā vikkiṇanto.

6. Sattisuttaṃ

207. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ sattilomaṃ purisaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa tā sattiyo uppatitvā uppatitvā tasseva kāye nipatanti. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe māgaviko ahosi…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

207. Sattilomavatthusmiṃ so māgaviko ekaṃ migañca sattiñca gahetvā vanaṃ gantvā tassa migassa samīpaṃ āgatāgate mige sattiyā vijjhitvā māresi, tassa sattiyā vijjhanakabhāvoyeva nimittaṃ ahosi. Tasmā sattilomapeto jāto. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

207. Ekaṃ miganti ekaṃ dīpakamigaṃ.

7. Usulomasuttaṃ

208. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ usulomaṃ purisaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa te usū uppatitvā uppatitvā tasseva kāye nipatanti. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe kāraṇiko ahosi…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

208. Usulomavatthusmiṃ kāraṇikoti rājāparādhike anekāhi kāraṇāhi pīḷetvā avasāne kaṇḍena vijjhitvā māraṇakapuriso. So kira ‘‘amukasmiṃ padese viddho maratī’’ti ñatvāva vijjhati. Tassevaṃ jīvikaṃ kappetvā narake uppannassa tato pakkāvasesena idhūpapattikāle usunā vijjhanabhāvoyeva nimittaṃ ahosi. Tasmā usulomapeto jāto. Sattamaṃ.

208. Kāraṇāhīti yātanāhi. Ñatvāti kammaṭṭhānaṃ ñatvā.

8. Sūcilomasuttaṃ

209. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ sūcilomaṃ purisaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa tā sūciyo uppatitvā uppatitvā tasseva kāye nipatanti. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe sūto sārathiko (ka. vinayepi) ahosi…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

209. Sūcilomavatthusmiṃ sūtoti assadamako. Godamakotipi vadantiyeva. Tassa patodasūciyā vijjhanabhāvoyeva nimittaṃ ahosi. Tasmā sūcilomapeto jāto. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

209. Suṇoti pūretīti sūto, assadamakādiko.

9. Dutiyasūcilomasuttaṃ

210. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ sūcilomaṃ purisaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa tā sūciyo sīse pavisitvā mukhato nikkhamanti; mukhe pavisitvā urato nikkhamanti; ure pavisitvā udarato nikkhamanti; udare pavisitvā ūrūhi nikkhamanti; ūrūsu pavisitvā jaṅghāhi nikkhamanti; jaṅghāsu pavisitvā pādehi nikkhamanti; so sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe sūcako ahosi…pe…. Navamaṃ.

210. Dutiye sūcilomavatthusmiṃ sūcakoti pesuññakārako. So kira manusse aññamaññañca bhindi, rājakule ca ‘‘imassa imaṃ nāma atthi, iminā idaṃ nāma kata’’nti sūcetvā sūcetvā anayabyasanaṃ pāpesi. Tasmā yathā tena sūcetvā manussā bhinnā, tathā sūcīhi bhedanadukkhaṃ paccanubhotuṃ kammameva nimittaṃ katvā sūcilomapeto jāto. Navamaṃ.

210. Pesuññūpasaṃhāravasena ito sutaṃ amutra, amutra vā sutaṃ idha sūcetīti sūcako. Anayabyasanaṃ pāpesi manusseti sambandho.

10. Kumbhaṇḍasuttaṃ

211. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ kumbhaṇḍaṃ purisaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. So gacchantopi teva aṇḍe khandhe āropetvā gacchati. Nisīdantopi tesveva aṇḍesu nisīdati. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitacchenti virājenti. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe gāmakūṭako ahosi…pe…. Dasamaṃ.

Paṭhamo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Aṭṭhi pesi ubho gāvaghātakā,

Piṇḍo sākuṇiyo nicchavorabbhi;

Asi sūkariko sattimāgavi,

Usu kāraṇiko sūci sārathi;

Yo ca sibbiyati sūcako hi so,

Aṇḍabhāri ahu gāmakūṭakoti.

211. Aṇḍabhārivatthusmiṃ gāmakūṭakoti vinicchayāmacco. Tassa kammasabhāgatāya kumbhamattā mahāghaṭappamāṇā aṇḍā ahesuṃ. So hi yasmā raho paṭicchanne ṭhāne lañjaṃ gahetvā kūṭavinicchayena pākaṭaṃ dosaṃ karonto sāmike assāmike akāsi, tasmāssa rahassaṃ aṅgaṃ pākaṭaṃ nibbattaṃ. Yasmā daṇḍaṃ paṭṭhapento paresaṃ asayhaṃ bhāraṃ āropesi, tasmāssa rahassaṃ aṅgaṃ asayhabhāro hutvā nibbattaṃ. Yasmā yasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhitena samena bhavitabbaṃ, tasmiṃ ṭhatvā visamo ahosi, tasmāssa rahassaṅge visamā nisajjāva ahosīti. Dasamaṃ.

Paṭhamo vaggo.

211. Vinicchayāmaccoti raññā aḍḍakaraṇe ṭhapito vinicchayamahāmatto. So hi gāmajanakāyaṃ kūṭeti vañcetīti gāmakūṭakoti vuccati. Keci ‘‘tādiso eva gāmajeṭṭhako gāmakūṭako’’ti vadanti. Samena bhavitabbaṃ, ‘‘dhammaṭṭho’’ti vattabbato. Rahassaṅge nisīdanavasena visamā nisajjāva ahosi.

Kumbhaṇḍasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Paṭhamavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Dutiyavaggo

1. Sasīsakasuttaṃ

212. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ rājagahe veḷuvane. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ purisaṃ gūthakūpe sasīsakaṃ nimuggaṃ…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe pāradāriko ahosi…pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

212. Pāradārikavatthusmiṃ so satto parassa rakkhitagopitaṃ sassāmikaṃ phassaṃ phusanto mīḷhasukhena kāmasukhena cittaṃ ramayitvā kammasabhāgatāya gūthaphassaṃ phusanto dukkhamanubhavituṃ tattha nibbatto. Paṭhamaṃ.

212. Phusantoti theyyāya phusanto.

2. Gūthakhādasuttaṃ

213. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ purisaṃ gūthakūpe nimuggaṃ ubhohi hatthehi gūthaṃ khādantaṃ…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe duṭṭhabrāhmaṇo ahosi. So kassapassa sammāsambuddhassa pāvacane bhikkhusaṅghaṃ bhattena nimantetvā doṇiyo doṇiyā (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) gūthassa pūrāpetvā etadavoca – aho bhonto, yāvadatthaṃ bhuñjantu ceva harantu cāti…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

213. Duṭṭhabrāhmaṇavatthu pākaṭameva. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Nicchavitthisuttaṃ

214. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ nicchaviṃ itthiṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitacchenti virājenti. Sā sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… esā, bhikkhave, itthī imasmiṃyeva rājagahe aticārinī ahosi…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

214. Nicchavitthivatthusmiṃ yasmā mātugāmo nāma attano phasse anissaro, sā ca taṃ sāmikassa santakaṃ phassaṃ thenetvā paresaṃ abhiratiṃ uppādesi, tasmā kammasabhāgatāya sukhasamphassā vaṭṭitvā dukkhasamphassaṃ anubhavituṃ nicchavitthī hutvā uppannā. Tatiyaṃ.

214. Mātugāmo sassāmiko attano phasse anissaro. Vaṭṭitvāti bhassitvā aparaṃ gantvā.

4. Maṅgulitthisuttaṃ

215. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ itthiṃ duggandhaṃ maṅguliṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitacchenti virājenti. Sā sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… esā, bhikkhave, itthī imasmiṃyeva rājagahe ikkhaṇikā ahosi…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

215. Maṅgulitthivatthusmiṃ maṅgulinti virūpaṃ duddasikaṃ bībhacchaṃ. Sā kira yakkhadāsikammaṃ karontī ‘‘iminā ca iminā ca evaṃ balikamme kate ayaṃ nāma tumhākaṃ vaḍḍhi bhavissatī’’ti mahājanassa gandhapupphādīni vañcanāya gahetvā mahājanaṃ duddiṭṭhiṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ gaṇhāpesi, tasmā tāya kammasabhāgatāya gandhapupphādīnaṃ thenitattā duggandhā, duddassanassa gāhitattā duddasikā virūpā bībhacchā hutvā nibbattā. Catutthaṃ.

215. Maṅganavasena ulatīti maṅguli, virūpabībhacchabhāvena pavattatīti attho. Tenāha **‘‘virūpaṃ duddasikaṃ bībhaccha’’**nti.

5. Okilinīsuttaṃ

216. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ itthiṃ uppakkaṃ okiliniṃ okiriniṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Sā sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… esā, bhikkhave, itthī kaliṅgassa rañño aggamahesī ahosi. Sā issāpakatā sapattiṃ aṅgārakaṭāhena okiri…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

216. Okilinīvatthusmiṃ uppakkaṃ okiliniṃ okirininti sā kira aṅgāracitake nipannā vipphandamānā viparivattamānā paccati, tasmā uppakkā ceva hoti uṇhena agginā pakkasarīrā, okilinī ca kilinnasarīrā, bindūnissā sarīrato paggharanti, okirinī ca aṅgārasamparikiṇṇā. Tassā hi heṭṭhatopi kiṃsukapupphavaṇṇā aṅgārā, ubhayapassesupi, ākāsatopissā upari patanti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘uppakkaṃ okiliniṃ okirini’’nti. Sā issāpakatā sapattiṃ aṅgārakaṭāhena okirīti tassa kira rañño ekā nāṭakinī aṅgārakaṭāhaṃ samīpe ṭhapetvā gattato udakaṃ puñchati, pāṇinā ca sedaṃ karoti. Rājāpi tāya saddhiṃ kathañca karoti, parituṭṭhākārañca dasseti. Aggamahesī taṃ asahamānā issāpakatā hutvā acirapakkantassa rañño taṃ aṅgārakaṭāhaṃ gahetvā tassā upari aṅgāre okiri. Sā taṃ kammaṃ katvā tādisaṃyeva vipākaṃ paccanubhavituṃ petaloke nibbattā. Pañcamaṃ.

216. Uddhaṃ uddhaṃ agginā pakkasarīratāya uppakkaṃ. Heṭṭhato paggharaṇavasena kilinnasarīratāya okilinī. Ito cito ca aṅgārasamparikiṇṇatāya okirinī. Tenāha **‘‘sā kirā’’**tiādi. Aṅgāracitaketi aṅgārasañcaye. Sarīrato paggharanti asuciduggandhajegucchāni sedagatāni. Tassa kira raññoti tassa kāliṅgassa rañño. Nāṭakinīti nacce adhikatā itthī. Sedanti sedanaṃ, tāpananti attho.

Okilinīsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Asīsakasuttaṃ

217. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ asīsakaṃ kabandhaṃ kavandhaṃ (sī. pī.) vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa ure akkhīni ceva honti mukhañca. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kākāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitacchenti virājenti. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, satto imasmiṃyeva rājagahe hāriko nāma coraghātako ahosi…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

217. Coraghātavatthusmiṃ so rañño āṇāya dīgharattaṃ corānaṃ sīsāni chinditvā petaloke nibbattanto asīsakaṃ kabandhaṃ hutvā nibbatti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

217. Asīsakaṃ kabandhaṃ hutvā nibbatti kammāyūhanakāle tathā nimittaggahaṇaparicayato.

7. Pāpabhikkhusuttaṃ

218. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ bhikkhuṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa saṅghāṭipi ādittā sampajjalitā sajotibhūtā sañjotibhūtā (syā. kaṃ.), pattopi āditto sampajjalito sajotibhūto, kāyabandhanampi ādittaṃ sampajjalitaṃ sajotibhūtaṃ, kāyopi āditto sampajjalito sajotibhūto. So sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti…pe… eso, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kassapassa sammāsambuddhassa pāvacane pāpabhikkhu ahosi…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

8. Pāpabhikkhunīsuttaṃ

219. ‘‘Addasaṃ bhikkhuniṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Tassā saṅghāṭipi ādittā…pe… pāpabhikkhunī ahosi…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Pāpasikkhamānasuttaṃ

220. ‘‘Addasaṃ sikkhamānaṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Tassā saṅghāṭipi ādittā…pe… pāpasikkhamānā ahosi…pe…. Navamaṃ.

10. Pāpasāmaṇerasuttaṃ

221. ‘‘Addasaṃ sāmaṇeraṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantaṃ. Tassa saṅghāṭipi ādittā…pe… pāpasāmaṇero ahosi…pe…. Dasamaṃ.

11. Pāpasāmaṇerīsuttaṃ

222. ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, gijjhakūṭā pabbatā orohanto addasaṃ sāmaṇeriṃ vehāsaṃ gacchantiṃ. Tassā saṅghāṭipi ādittā sampajjalitā sajotibhūtā, pattopi āditto sampajjalito sajotibhūto, kāyabandhanampi ādittaṃ sampajjalitaṃ sajotibhūtaṃ, kāyopi āditto sampajjalito sajotibhūto. Sā sudaṃ aṭṭassaraṃ karoti. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho! Evarūpopi nāma satto bhavissati! Evarūpopi nāma yakkho bhavissati! Evarūpopi nāma attabhāvapaṭilābho bhavissatī’’’ti!!

Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘cakkhubhūtā vata, bhikkhave, sāvakā viharanti; ñāṇabhūtā vata, bhikkhave, sāvakā viharanti, yatra hi nāma sāvako evarūpaṃ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sakkhiṃ vā karissati. Pubbeva me sā, bhikkhave, sāmaṇerī diṭṭhā ahosi. Api cāhaṃ na byākāsiṃ. Ahañcetaṃ byākareyyaṃ, pare ca me na saddaheyyuṃ. Ye me na saddaheyyuṃ, tesaṃ taṃ assa dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya. Esā, bhikkhave, sāmaṇerī kassapassa sammāsambuddhassa pāvacane pāpasāmaṇerī ahosi. Sā tassa kammassa vipākena bahūni vassāni bahūni vassasatāni bahūni vassasahassāni bahūni vassasatasahassāni niraye paccitvā tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesena evarūpaṃ attabhāvapaṭilābhaṃ paṭisaṃvedayatī’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

Dutiyo vaggo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Kūpe nimuggo hi so pāradāriko;

Gūthakhādi ahu duṭṭhabrāhmaṇo.

Nicchavitthi aticārinī ahu;

Maṅgulitthi ahu ikkhaṇitthikā.

Okilini sapattaṅgārokiri;

Sīsacchinno ahu coraghātako.

Bhikkhu bhikkhunī sikkhamānā;

Sāmaṇero atha sāmaṇerikā.

Kassapassa vinayasmiṃ pabbajjaṃ;

Pāpakammaṃ kariṃsu tāvadeti.

Lakkhaṇasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

218-222. Bhikkhuvatthusmiṃ pāpabhikkhūti lāmakabhikkhu. So kira lokassa saddhādeyye cattāro paccaye paribhuñjitvā kāyavacīdvārehi asaṃyato bhinnājīvo cittakeḷiṃ kīḷanto vicari. Tato ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ niraye paccitvā petaloke nibbattanto bhikkhusadiseneva attabhāvena nibbatti. Bhikkhunīsikkhamānāsāmaṇerasāmaṇerīvatthūsupi ayameva vinicchayo. Sattamādīni.

Lakkhaṇasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

218-222. Lāmakabhikkhūti hīnācāratāya lāmako, bhikkhuvesatāya, bhikkhāhārena jīvanato ca bhikkhu. Cittakeḷinti cittaruciyaṃ taṃ taṃ kīḷanto. Ayamevāti bhikkhuvatthusmiṃ vuttanayo eva.

Pāpabhikkhusuttādivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Lakkhaṇasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

9. Opammasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Kūṭasuttaṃ

223. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, kūṭāgārassa yā kāci gopānasiyo sabbā tā kūṭaṅgamā kūṭasamosaraṇā kūṭasamugghātā sabbā tā samugghātaṃ gacchanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye keci akusalā dhammā sabbe te avijjāmūlakā avijjāsamosaraṇā avijjāsamugghātā, sabbe te samugghātaṃ gacchanti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Paṭhamaṃ.

223. Opammasaṃyuttassa paṭhame kūṭaṃ gacchantīti kūṭaṅgamā. Kūṭaṃ samosarantīti kūṭasamosaraṇā. Kūṭasamugghātāti kūṭassa samugghātena. Avijjāsamugghātāti arahattamaggena avijjāya samugghātena. Appamattāti satiyā avippavāse ṭhitā hutvā. Paṭhamaṃ.

223. Kūṭaṃ gacchantīti kūṭacchiddassa anupavisanavasena kūṭaṃ gacchanti. Yā ca gopānasiyo gopānasantaragatā, tāpi kūṭaṃ āhacca ṭhānena kūṭaṅgamā. Duvidhāpi kūṭe samosaraṇā. Kūṭassa samugghātena vināsena bhijjanena. Avijjāya samugghātenāti avijjāya accantameva appavattiyā. Tena ca mokkhadhammādhigamena tadanurūpadhammādhigamo dassito. Appamattāti pana iminā tassa upāyo dassito.

Kūṭasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Nakhasikhasuttaṃ

224. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ, yo vāyaṃ yo cāyaṃ (bahūsu) mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito ayaṃ vā yā cāyaṃ (syā. ka.) mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ mahāpathavī. Appamattakoyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti upanidhimpi na upeti kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteyeva bahutarā sattā ye aññatra manussehi paccājāyanti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dutiyaṃ.

224. Dutiye manussesu paccājāyantīti ye manussalokato cutā manussesu jāyanti, te evaṃ appakāti adhippāyo. Aññatra manussehīti ye pana manussalokato cutā ṭhapetvā manussalokaṃ catūsu apāyesu paccājāyanti, te mahāpathaviyaṃ paṃsu viya bahutarā. Imasmiñca sutte devāpi manusseheva saṅgahitā. Tasmā yathā manussesu jāyantā appakā, evaṃ devesupīti veditabbā. Dutiyaṃ.

224. Evaṃ appakā yathā nakhasikhāya āropitapaṃsu, sugatisaṃvattaniyassa kammassa appakattā evaṃ devesupīti hīnūdāharaṇavasena vuttaṃ. Appatarā hi sattā ye devesu jāyanti, tañca kho kāmadevesu. Itaresu pana vattabbameva natthi.

Nakhasikhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Kulasuttaṃ

225. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yāni kānici kulāni bahutthikāni appapurisāni tāni suppadhaṃsiyāni honti corehi kumbhatthenakehi; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti abhāvitā abahulīkatā so suppadhaṃsiyo hoti amanussehi. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yāni kānici kulāni appitthikāni bahupurisāni tāni duppadhaṃsiyāni honti corehi kumbhatthenakehi, evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā so duppadhaṃsiyo hoti amanussehi. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Tatiyaṃ.

225. Tatiye suppadhaṃsiyānīti suviheṭhiyāni. Kumbhatthenakehīti ye paragharaṃ pavisitvā dīpālokena oloketvā parabhaṇḍaṃ haritukāmā ghaṭe dīpaṃ katvā pavisanti, te kumbhatthenakā nāma, tehi kumbhatthenakehi. Suppadhaṃsiyo hoti amanussehīti mettābhāvanārahitaṃ paṃsupisācakā vidhaṃsayanti, pageva uḷārā amanussā. Bhāvitāti vaḍḍhitā. Bahulīkatāti punappunaṃ katā. Yānīkatāti yuttayānaṃ viya katā. Vatthukatāti patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena vatthu viya katā. Anuṭṭhitāti adhiṭṭhitā. Paricitāti samantato citā suvaḍḍhitā. Susamāraddhāti cittena suṭṭhu samāraddhā. Tatiyaṃ.

225. Vidhaṃsayanti viheṭhayanti. Vaḍḍhitāti bhāvanāpāripūrivasena paribrūhitā. Punappunaṃ katāti bhāvanāya bahulīkaraṇena aparāparaṃ pavattitā yuttayānaṃ viya katāti yathā yuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ chekena sārathinā adhiṭṭhitaṃ yathāruci pavattati, evaṃ yathāruci pavattiyā gamitā. Patiṭṭhānaṭṭhenāti adhiṭṭhānaṭṭhena. Vatthu viya katā sabbaso upakkilesavisodhanena suvisodhitamariyādaṃ viya katā. Adhiṭṭhitāti paṭipakkhadūrībhāvato subhāvitabhāvena avikampaneyyatāya ṭhapitā. Samantato citāti sabbabhāgena bhāvanūpacayaṃ gamitā. Tenāha **‘‘suvaḍḍhitā’’**ti. Suṭṭhu samāraddhāti mettābhāvanāya matthakappattiyā sammadeva sampāditā.

Kulasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Okkhāsuttaṃ

226. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘yo, bhikkhave, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo majjhanhikasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo sāyanhasamayaṃ okkhāsataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya, yo vā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, yo vā majjhanhikasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, yo vā sāyanhasamayaṃ antamaso gadduhanamattampi mettacittaṃ bhāveyya, idaṃ tato mahapphalataraṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Catutthaṃ.

226. Catutthe okkhāsatanti mahāmukhaukkhalīnaṃ sataṃ. Dānaṃ dadeyyāti paṇītabhojanabharitānaṃ mahāukkhalīnaṃ sataṃ dānaṃ dadeyya. ‘‘Ukkāsata’’ntipi pāṭho, tassa daṇḍadīpikāsatanti attho. Ekāya pana dīpikāya yattake ṭhāne āloko hoti, tato sataguṇaṃ ṭhānaṃ sattahi ratanehi pūretvā dānaṃ dadeyyāti attho. Gadduhanamattanti goduhanamattaṃ, gāviyā ekavāraṃ aggathanākaḍḍhanamattanti attho. Gandhaūhanamattaṃ vā, dvīhi aṅgulīhi gandhapiṇḍaṃ gahetvā ekavāraṃ ghāyanamattanti attho. Ettakampi hi kālaṃ yo pana gabbhapariveṇavihārūpacāra paricchedena vā cakkavāḷaparicchedena vā aparimāṇāsu lokadhātūsu vā sabbasattesu hitapharaṇaṃ mettacittaṃ bhāvetuṃ sakkoti, idaṃ tato ekadivasaṃ tikkhattuṃ dinnadānato mahapphalataraṃ. Catutthaṃ.

226. Mahāmukhaukkhalīnanti mahāmukhānaṃ mahantakoḷumbānaṃ sataṃ. Paṇītabhojanabharitānanti sappimadhusakkarādīhi upanītapaṇītabhojanehi paripuṇṇānaṃ. Tassāti pāṭhassa. Goduhanamattanti godohanavelāmattaṃ. Taṃ pana kittakaṃ adhippetanti āha **‘‘gāviyā’’**tiādi. Sabbasattesu hitapharaṇanti anodhisomettābhāvanamāha – mettacittaṃ appanāppattaṃ bhāvetuṃ sakkotīti adhippāyo. Tampi tato yathāvuttadānato mahapphalataranti.

Okkhāsuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Sattisuttaṃ

227. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, satti tiṇhaphalā. Atha puriso āgaccheyya – ‘ahaṃ imaṃ sattiṃ tiṇhaphalaṃ pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇissāmi paṭikoṭṭissāmi paṭivaṭṭessāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, bhabbo nu kho so puriso amuṃ sattiṃ tiṇhaphalaṃ pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇetuṃ paṭikoṭṭetuṃ paṭivaṭṭetu’’nti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’? ‘‘Asu hi, bhante, satti tiṇhaphalā na sukarā pāṇinā vā muṭṭhinā vā paṭileṇetuṃ paṭikoṭṭetuṃ paṭivaṭṭetuṃ. Yāvadeva ca pana so puriso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assā’’ti.

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yassa kassaci bhikkhuno mettācetovimutti bhāvitā bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā, tassa ce amanusso cittaṃ khipitabbaṃ maññeyya; atha kho sveva amanusso kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assa. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘mettā no cetovimutti bhāvitā bhavissati bahulīkatā yānīkatā vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Pañcamaṃ.

227. Pañcame paṭileṇissāmītiādīsu agge paharitvā kappāsavaṭṭiṃ viya nāmento niyyāsavaṭṭiṃ viya ca ekato katvā alliyāpento paṭileṇeti nāma. Majjhe paharitvā nāmetvā dhārāya vā paharitvā dvepi dhārā ekato alliyāpento paṭikoṭṭeti nāma. Kappāsavaṭṭanakaraṇīyaṃ viya pavattento cirakālaṃ saṃvellitakilañjaṃ pasāretvā puna saṃvellento viya ca paṭivaṭṭeti nāma. Pañcamaṃ.

227. Agge paharitvāti tiṇhaphalasattiyā agge hatthena vā muṭṭhinā vā pahāraṃ datvā. Kappāsavaṭṭiṃ viyāti pahatakappāsapiṇḍaṃ viya. Niyyāsavaṭṭiṃ viyāti phalasaṇṭhānaṃ niyyāsapiṇḍaṃ viya. Ekato katvāti kalikādibhāvena vīsatiṃsapiṇḍāni ekajjhaṃ katvā. Alliyāpento piṇḍaṃ karonto. Paṭileṇetīti paṭilīnayati nāmeti. Alliyāpento te dvepi dhārā ekato samphusāpento. Paṭikoṭṭetīti paṭipaharati. Tattha khaṇḍaṃ viya niyyāso. Kappāsavaṭṭanakaraṇīyanti vihatassa kappāsassa paṭisaṃharaṇavasena bandhanadaṇḍaṃ. Pavattentoti kappāsassa saṃvellanavasena pavattento.

Sattisuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Dhanuggahasuttaṃ

228. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, cattāro daḷhadhammā dhanuggahā susikkhitā katahatthā katūpāsanā catuddisā ṭhitā assu. Atha puriso āgaccheyya – ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ catunnaṃ daḷhadhammānaṃ dhanuggahānaṃ susikkhitānaṃ katahatthānaṃ katūpāsanānaṃ catuddisā kaṇḍe khitte appatiṭṭhite pathaviyaṃ gahetvā āharissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, ‘javano puriso paramena javena samannāgato’ti alaṃ vacanāyā’’ti?

‘‘Ekassa cepi, bhante, daḷhadhammassa dhanuggahassa susikkhitassa katahatthassa katūpāsanassa kaṇḍaṃ khittaṃ appatiṭṭhitaṃ pathaviyaṃ gahetvā āhareyya – ‘javano puriso paramena javena samannāgato’ti alaṃ vacanāya, ko pana vādo catunnaṃ daḷhadhammānaṃ dhanuggahānaṃ susikkhitānaṃ katahatthānaṃ katūpāsanāna’’nti?

‘‘Yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo, yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo, tato sīghataro. Yathā ca, bhikkhave, tassa purisassa javo yathā ca candimasūriyānaṃ javo yathā ca yā devatā candimasūriyānaṃ purato dhāvanti tāsaṃ devatānaṃ javo, ( ) (tato sīghataro. yathā ca bhikkhave tassa purisassa javo, yathā ca candimasuriyānaṃ javo, yathā ca yā devatā candimasuriyānaṃ purato dhāvanti, tāsaṃ devatānaṃ javo,) (sī. syā. kaṃ.) tato sīghataraṃ āyusaṅkhārā khiyanti. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

228. Chaṭṭhe daḷhadhammā dhanuggahāti daḷhadhanuno issāsā. Daḷhadhanu nāma dvisahassathāmaṃ vuccati, dvisahassathāmaṃ nāma yassa āropitassa jiyābaddho lohasīsādīnaṃ bhāro daṇḍe gahetvā yāva kaṇḍappamāṇā ukkhittassa pathavito muccati. Susikkhitāti dasadvādasavassāni ācariyakule uggahitasippā. Katahatthāti yo sippameva uggaṇhāti, so katahattho na hoti, ime pana katahatthā ciṇṇavasībhāvā. Katūpāsanāti rājakulādīsu dassitasippā.

Tassa purisassa javoti evarūpo añño puriso nāma na bhūtapubbo, bodhisattasseva pana javanahaṃsakālo nāma āsi. Tadā bodhisatto cattāri kaṇḍāni āhari. Tadā kirassa kaniṭṭhabhātaro ‘‘mayaṃ, bhātika, sūriyena saddhiṃ javissāmā’’ti ārocesuṃ. Bodhisatto āha – ‘‘sūriyo sīghajavo, na sakkhissatha tumhe tena saddhiṃ javitu’’nti. Te dutiyaṃ tatiyampi tatheva vatvā ekadivasaṃ ‘‘gacchāmā’’ti yugandharapabbataṃ āruhitvā nisīdiṃsu. Bodhisatto ‘‘kahaṃ me bhātaro’’ti? Pucchitvā, ‘‘sūriyena saddhiṃ javituṃ gatā’’ti vutte, ‘‘vinassissanti tapassino’’ti te anukampamāno sayampi gantvā tesaṃ santike nisīdi. Atha sūriye uggacchante dvepi bhātaro sūriyena saddhiṃyeva ākāsaṃ pakkhantā, bodhisattopi tehi saddhiṃyeva pakkhanto. Tesu ekassa apatteyeva antarabhattasamaye pakkhantaresu aggi uṭṭhahi, so bhātaraṃ pakkositvā ‘‘na sakkomī’’ti āha. Tamenaṃ bodhisatto ‘‘mā bhāyī’’ti samassāsetvā pakkhapañjarena paliveṭhetvā darathaṃ vinodetvā ‘‘gacchā’’ti pesesi.

Dutiyo yāva antarabhattā javitvā pakkhantaresu aggimhi uṭṭhahite tathevāha. Tampi so tatheva katvā ‘‘gacchā’’ti pesesi. Sayaṃ pana yāva majjhanhikā javitvā, ‘‘ete bālāti mayāpi bālena na bhavitabba’’nti nivattitvā – ‘‘adiṭṭhasahāyakaṃ bārāṇasirājaṃ passissāmī’’ti bārāṇasiṃ agamāsi. Tasmiṃ nagaramatthake paribbhamante dvādasayojanaṃ nagaraṃ pattakaṭāhena otthaṭapatto viya ahosi. Atha paribbhamantassa paribbhamantassa tattha tattha chiddāni paññāyiṃsu. Sayampi anekahaṃsasahassasadiso paññāyi. So vegaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā rājagehābhimukho ahosi. Rājā oloketvā – ‘‘āgato kira me piyasahāyo javanahaṃso’’ti vātapānaṃ vivaritvā ratanapīṭhaṃ paññāpetvā olokento aṭṭhāsi. Bodhisatto ratanapīṭhe nisīdi.

7. Āṇisuttaṃ

229. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, dasārahānaṃ ānako āṇako (sī.) nāma mudiṅgo ahosi. Tassa dasārahā ānake ghaṭite aññaṃ āṇiṃ odahiṃsu. Ahu kho so, bhikkhave, samayo yaṃ ānakassa mudiṅgassa porāṇaṃ pokkharaphalakaṃ antaradhāyi. Āṇisaṅghāṭova avasissi. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhavissanti bhikkhū anāgatamaddhānaṃ, ye te suttantā tathāgatabhāsitā gambhīrā gambhīratthā lokuttarā suññatappaṭisaṃyuttā, tesu bhaññamānesu na sussūsissanti na sotaṃ odahissanti na aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpessanti na ca te dhamme uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ maññissanti’’.

‘‘Ye pana te suttantā kavikatā kāveyyā cittakkharā cittabyañjanā bāhirakā sāvakabhāsitā, tesu bhaññamānesu sussūsissanti, sotaṃ odahissanti, aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpessanti, te ca dhamme uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ maññissanti. Evametesaṃ, bhikkhave, suttantānaṃ tathāgatabhāsitānaṃ gambhīrānaṃ gambhīratthānaṃ lokuttarānaṃ suññatappaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ antaradhānaṃ bhavissati. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘ye te suttantā tathāgatabhāsitā gambhīrā gambhīratthā lokuttarā suññatappaṭisaṃyuttā, tesu bhaññamānesu sussūsissāma, sotaṃ odahissāma, aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpessāma, te ca dhamme uggahetabbaṃ pariyāpuṇitabbaṃ maññissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Sattamaṃ.

229. Sattame dasārahānanti evaṃnāmakānaṃ khattiyānaṃ. Te kira satato dasabhāgaṃ gaṇhiṃsu, tasmā ‘‘dasārahā’’ti paññāyiṃsu. Ānakoti evaṃladdhanāmo mudiṅgo. Himavante kira mahākuḷīradaho ahosi. Tattha mahanto kuḷīro otiṇṇotiṇṇaṃ hatthiṃ khādati. Atha hatthī upaddutā ekaṃ kareṇuṃ sakkariṃsu ‘‘imissā puttaṃ nissāya amhākaṃ sotthi bhavissatī’’ti. Sāpi mahesakkhaṃ puttaṃ vijāyi. Te tampi sakkariṃsu. So vuddhippatto mātaraṃ pucchi, ‘‘kasmā maṃ ete sakkarontī’’ti? Sā taṃ pavattimācikkhi. So ‘‘kiṃ mayhaṃ kuḷīro pahoti? Etha gacchāmā’’ti mahāhatthiparivāro tattha gantvā paṭhamameva otari. Kuḷīro udakasaddeneva āgantvā taṃ aggahesi. Mahanto kuḷīrassa aḷo, so taṃ ito vā etto vā cāletuṃ asakkonto mukhe soṇḍaṃ pakkhipitvā viravi. Hatthino ‘‘yaṃnissāya mayaṃ ‘sotthi bhavissatī’ti amaññimhā, so paṭhamataraṃ gahito’’ti tato tato palāyiṃsu.

Athassa mātā avidūre ṭhatvā ‘‘mayaṃ thalanāgā, tumhe udakanāgā nāma, nāgehi nāgo na viheṭhetabbo’’ti kuḷīraṃ piyavacanena vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Ye kuḷīrā samuddasmiṃ, gaṅgāya yamunāya ca;

Tesaṃ tvaṃ vārijo seṭṭho, muñca rodantiyā paja’’nti.

Mātugāmasaddo nāma purise khobhetvā tiṭṭhati, tasmā so gahaṇaṃ sithilamakāsi. Hatthipoto vegena ubho pāde ukkhipitvā taṃ piṭṭhiyaṃ akkami. Saha akkamanā piṭṭhi mattikabhājanaṃ viya bhijji. Atha naṃ dantehi vijjhitvā ukkhipitvā thale chaḍḍetvā tuṭṭharavaṃ ravi. Atha naṃ hatthī ito cito ca āgantvā maddiṃsu. Tassa eko aḷo paṭikkamitvā pati, taṃ sakko devarājā gahetvā gato.

8. Kaliṅgarasuttaṃ

230. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi ‘‘bhikkhavo’’ti. ‘‘Bhadante’’ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –

‘‘Kaliṅgarūpadhānā, bhikkhave, etarahi licchavī viharanti appamattā ātāpino upāsanasmiṃ. Tesaṃ rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto na labhati otāraṃ na labhati ārammaṇaṃ. Bhavissanti, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ licchavī sukhumālā sukumālā (sī.), sukhumā (ka.) mudutalunahatthapādā mudutalāhatthapādā (syā. kaṃ.) te mudukāsu seyyāsu tūlabimbohanāsu tūlabimbohanāsu (syā. kaṃ. pī.), tūlabimbohanādīsu (sī.), tūlabibbohanādīsu (ka.) yāvasūriyuggamanā seyyaṃ kappissanti. Tesaṃ rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto lacchati otāraṃ lacchati ārammaṇaṃ.

‘‘Kaliṅgarūpadhānā, bhikkhave, etarahi bhikkhū viharanti appamattā ātāpino padhānasmiṃ. Tesaṃ māro pāpimā na labhati otāraṃ na labhati ārammaṇaṃ. Bhavissanti, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ bhikkhū sukhumā mudutalunahatthapādā. Te mudukāsu seyyāsu tūlabimbohanāsu yāvasūriyuggamanā seyyaṃ kappissanti. Tesaṃ māro pāpimā lacchati otāraṃ lacchati ārammaṇaṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘kaliṅgarūpadhānā viharissāma appamattā ātāpino padhānasmi’nti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

230. Aṭṭhame kaliṅgarūpadhānāti kaliṅgaraghaṭikaṃ sīsūpadhānañceva pādūpadhānañca katvā. Appamattāti sippuggahaṇe appamattā. Ātāpinoti uṭṭhānavīriyātāpena yuttā. Upāsanasminti sippānaṃ abhiyoge ācariyānañca payirupāsane. Te kira tadā pātova uṭṭhāya sippasālaṃ gacchanti, tattha sippaṃ uggahetvā sajjhāyādīhi abhiyogaṃ katvā mukhaṃ dhovitvā yāgupānāya gacchanti. Yāguṃ pivitvā puna sippasālaṃ gantvā sippaṃ gaṇhitvā sajjhāyaṃ karontā pātarāsāya gacchanti. Katapātarāsā samānā ‘‘mā pamādena ciraṃ niddokkamanaṃ ahosī’’ti khadiraghaṭikāsu sīse ca pāde ca upadahitvā thokaṃ nipajjitvā puna sippasālaṃ gantvā sippaṃ gahetvā sajjhāyanti. Sāyaṃ sajjhāyaṃ karontā ca gehaṃ gantvā bhuttasāyamāsā paṭhamayāmaṃ sajjhāyaṃ katvā sayanakāle tatheva kaliṅgaraṃ upadhānaṃ katvā sayanti. Evaṃ te akkhaṇavedhino vālavedhino ca ahesuṃ. Idaṃ sandhāyetaṃ vuttaṃ.

Otāranti vivaraṃ. Ārammaṇanti paccayaṃ. Padhānasminti padhānabhūmiyaṃ vīriyaṃ kurumānā. Paṭhamabodhiyaṃ kira bhikkhū bhattakiccaṃ katvāva kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasi karonti. Tesaṃ manasikarontānaṃyeva sūriyo atthaṃ gacchati. Te nhāyitvā puna caṅkamaṃ otaritvā paṭhamayāmaṃ caṅkamanti. Tato ‘‘mā ciraṃ niddāyimhā’’ti sarīradarathavinodanatthaṃ nipajjantā kaṭṭhakhaṇḍaṃ upadahitvā nipajjanti, te puna pacchimayāme vuṭṭhāya caṅkamaṃ otaranti. Te sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ. Ayampi dīpo tiṇṇaṃ rājūnaṃ kāle ekaghaṇḍinigghoso ekapadhānabhūmi ahosi. Nānāmukhe pahaṭaghaṇḍi pilicchikoḷiyaṃ osarati, kalyāṇiyaṃ pahaṭaghaṇḍi nāgadīpe osarati. ‘‘Ayaṃ bhikkhu puthujjano, ayaṃ puthujjano’’ti aṅguliṃ pasāretvā dassetabbo ahosi. Ekadivasaṃ sabbe arahantova ahesuṃ. Tasmāti yasmā kaliṅgarūpadhānānaṃ māro ārammaṇaṃ na labhati, tasmā. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

230. Kaliṅgaraṃ vuccati khuddakadārukhaṇḍaṃ, taṃ upadhānaṃ etesanti kaliṅgarūpadhānā. Licchavī pana khadiradaṇḍaṃ upadhānaṃ katvā tadā vihariṃsu. Tasmā vuttaṃ **‘‘khadiraghaṭikāsū’’**tiādi. Pakativijjusaññito natthi etesaṃ khaṇo vijjhaneti akkhaṇavedhino tato sīghataraṃ vijjhanato. ‘‘Akkhaṇa’’nti vijju vuccati ittarakhaṇattā. Akkhaṇobhāsena lakkhaṇavedhakā akkhaṇavedhino. Anekadhā bhinnassa vālassa vijjhanena vālavedhino. Vālekadeso hi idha ‘‘vālo’’ti gahito.

9. Nāgasuttaṃ

231. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro navo bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamī’’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno evamāha – ‘‘ime hi nāma therā bhikkhū kulāni upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññissanti, kimaṅgaṃ kimaṅga (sī.) panāha’’nti?

Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, aññataro navo bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulāni upasaṅkamī’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno evamāha – ‘ime hi nāma therā bhikkhū kulāni upasaṅkamitabbaṃ maññissanti, kimaṅgaṃ panāha’’’nti.

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, araññāyatane mahāsarasī. Taṃ nāgā upanissāya viharanti. Te taṃ sarasiṃ ogāhetvā soṇḍāya bhisamuḷālaṃ abbuhetvā abbhūhetvā (ka.), abbāhitvā (mahāva. 278) suvikkhālitaṃ vikkhāletvā akaddamaṃ saṅkhāditvā saṅkharitvā (pī. ka.) ajjhoharanti. Tesaṃ taṃ vaṇṇāya ceva hoti balāya ca, na ca tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Tesaṃyeva kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānāgānaṃ anusikkhamānā taruṇā bhiṅkacchāpā taṃ sarasiṃ ogāhetvā soṇḍāya bhisamuḷālaṃ abbuhetvā na suvikkhālitaṃ vikkhāletvā sakaddamaṃ asaṅkhāditvā ajjhoharanti. Tesaṃ taṃ neva vaṇṇāya hoti na balāya. Tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ.

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idha therā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisanti. Te tattha dhammaṃ bhāsanti. Tesaṃ gihī pasannākāraṃ karonti. Te taṃ lābhaṃ agadhitā amucchitā anajjhopannā anajjhāpannā (sabbattha) ma. ni. 1 pāsarāsisuttavaṇṇanā oloketabbā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ taṃ vaṇṇāya ceva hoti balāya ca, na ca tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Tesaṃyeva kho pana, bhikkhave, therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anusikkhamānā navā bhikkhū pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisanti. Te tattha dhammaṃ bhāsanti. Tesaṃ gihī pasannākāraṃ karonti. Te taṃ lābhaṃ gadhitā mucchitā ajjhopannā anādīnavadassāvino anissaraṇapaññā paribhuñjanti. Tesaṃ taṃ neva vaṇṇāya hoti na balāya, te tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchanti maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘agadhitā amucchitā anajjhopannā ādīnavadassāvino nissaraṇapaññā taṃ lābhaṃ paribhuñjissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Navamaṃ.

231. Navame ativelanti atikkantavelaṃ kālaṃ atikkantappamāṇaṃ kālaṃ. Kimaṅgaṃ panāhanti ahaṃ pana kiṃkāraṇā na upasaṅkamissāmi? Bhisamuḷālanti bhisañceva muḷālañca. Abbuhetvāti uddharitvā. Bhiṅkacchāpāti hatthipotakā. Te kira abhiṇhaṃ bhiṅkārasaddaṃ karonti, tasmā bhiṅkacchāpāti vuccanti. Pasannākāraṃ karontīti pasannehi kattabbākāraṃ karonti, cattāro paccaye denti. Dhammaṃ bhāsantīti ekaṃ dve jātakāni vā suttante vā uggaṇhitvā asambhinnena sarena dhammaṃ desenti. Pasannākāraṃ karontīti tesaṃ tāya desanāya pasannā gihī paccaye denti. Neva vaṇṇāya hoti na balāyāti neva guṇavaṇṇāya, na ñāṇabalāya hoti, guṇavaṇṇe pana parihāyante sarīravaṇṇopi sarīrabalampi parihāyati, tasmā sarīrassa neva vaṇṇāya na balāya hoti. Navamaṃ.

231. Atikkantavelanti bhattānumodanaupanisinnakathāvelato atikkantavelaṃ. Asambhinnenāti sarasampattito asambhinnena, sarassa uccāraṇasampattiṃ aparihāpetvāti attho. Aparisuddhāsayatāya neva guṇavaṇṇāya na ñāṇabalāya hoti. Tanti taṃ tathā paccayānaṃ paribhuñjanaṃ, taṃ tathā micchāpaṭipajjanaṃ.

Nāgasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Biḷārasuttaṃ

232. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjī’’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno na viramati. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, aññataro bhikkhu ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjati. Tamenaṃ bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu – ‘māyasmā ativelaṃ kulesu cārittaṃ āpajjī’ti. So bhikkhu bhikkhūhi vuccamāno na viramatī’’ti.

‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, biḷāro sandhisamalasaṅkaṭīre ṭhito ahosi mudumūsiṃ maggayamāno – ‘yadāyaṃ mudumūsi gocarāya pakkamissati, tattheva naṃ gahetvā khādissāmī’ti. Atha kho so, bhikkhave, mudumūsi gocarāya pakkāmi. Tamenaṃ biḷāro gahetvā sahasā saṅkhāditvā saṅkharitvā (pī. ka.), maṃsaṃ khāditvā (syā. kaṃ.), asaṃkhāditvā (katthaci) ajjhohari. Tassa so mudumūsi antampi khādi, antaguṇampi khādi. So tatonidānaṃ maraṇampi nigacchi maraṇamattampi dukkhaṃ.

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacco bhikkhu pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisati arakkhiteneva kāyena arakkhitāya vācāya arakkhitena cittena, anupaṭṭhitāya satiyā, asaṃvutehi indriyehi. So tattha passati mātugāmaṃ dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā. Tassa mātugāmaṃ disvā dunnivatthaṃ vā duppārutaṃ vā rāgo cittaṃ anuddhaṃseti. So rāgānuddhaṃsena cittena maraṇaṃ vā nigacchati maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Maraṇañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyassa vinaye yo sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattati. Maraṇamattañhetaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ aññataraṃ saṃkiliṭṭhaṃ āpattiṃ āpajjati. Yathārūpāya āpattiyā vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyati. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘rakkhiteneva kāyena rakkhitāya vācāya rakkhitena cittena, upaṭṭhitāya satiyā, saṃvutehi indriyehi gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā piṇḍāya pavisissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dasamaṃ.

232. Dasame sandhisamalasaṃkaṭīreti ettha sandhīti bhinnagharānaṃ sandhi, samaloti gāmato gūthanikkhamanamaggo, saṃkaṭīranti saṅkāraṭṭhānaṃ. Mudumūsinti mudukaṃ mūsikaṃ. Vuṭṭhānaṃ paññāyatīti desanā paññāyati. Dasamaṃ.

232. Gharānaṃ sandhīti gharena gharassa sambandhaṭṭhānaṃ. Saha malena vattatīti samalaṃ. Gehato gāmato ca nikkhamanacandanikaṭṭhānaṃ. Saṅkāraṭṭhānanti saṅkārakūṭaṃ. Keci ‘‘sandhisaṅkārakūṭaṭṭhāna’’nti vadanti. Vuṭṭhānanti āpannaāpattito, na kilesato vuṭṭhānaṃ, suddhante adhiṭṭhānaṃ. Taṃ pana yathāāpannāya āpattiyā ‘‘desanā’’tveva vuccatīti āha **‘‘desanā paññāyatī’’**ti.

Biḷārasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

11. Siṅgālasuttaṃ

233. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘assuttha no tumhe, bhikkhave, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ jarasiṅgālassa vassamānassā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, jarasiṅgālo ukkaṇḍakena nāma rogajātena phuṭṭho. So yena yena icchati tena tena gacchati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha tiṭṭhati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha nisīdati; yattha yattha icchati tattha tattha nipajjati; sītakopi naṃ vāto upavāyati. Sādhu khvassa, bhikkhave, yaṃ idhekacco sakyaputtiyapaṭiñño evarūpampi attabhāvapaṭilābhaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘appamattā viharissāmā’ti. Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Ekādasamaṃ.

233. Ekādasame yena yena icchatīti so jarasiṅgālo icchiticchitaṭṭhāne iriyāpathakappanena sītavātūpavāyanena ca antarantarā cittassādampi labhatīti dasseti. Sakyaputtiyapaṭiññoti idaṃ devadattaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. So hi ettakampi cittassādaṃ anāgate attabhāve na labhissatīti. Ekādasamaṃ.

233. Ettakampīti iminā jarasiṅgālena laddhabbaṃ cittassādamattampi na labhissati sakalameva kappaṃ sabbaso avīcijālāhi nirantaraṃ jhāyamānatāya niccadukkhāturabhāvato.

Siṅgālasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

12. Dutiyasiṅgālasuttaṃ

234. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati…pe… ‘‘assuttha no tumhe, bhikkhave, rattiyā paccūsasamayaṃ jarasiṅgālassa vassamānassā’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Siyā kho, bhikkhave, tasmiṃ jarasiṅgāle yā kāci kataññutā kataveditā, na tveva idhekacce sakyaputtiyapaṭiññe siyā yā kāci kataññutā kataveditā. Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ – ‘kataññuno bhavissāma katavedino; na ca no na ca noti idaṃ sī. pī. potthakesu natthi amhesu appakampi kataṃ nassissatī’ti mā nassissatīti (sī. pī.), vinassissatīti (syā. kaṃ.). Evañhi vo, bhikkhave, sikkhitabba’’nti. Dvādasamaṃ.

Opammasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Kūṭaṃ nakhasikhaṃ kulaṃ, okkhā satti dhanuggaho;

Āṇi kaliṅgaro nāgo, biḷāro dve siṅgālakāti.

234. Dvādasame kataññutāti katajānanaṃ. Kataveditāti katavisesajānanaṃ. Tatridaṃ jarasiṅgālassa kataññutāya vatthu – satta kira bhātaro khettaṃ kasanti. Tesaṃ sabbakaniṭṭho khettapariyante ṭhatvā gāvo rakkhati. Athekaṃ jarasiṅgālaṃ ajagaro gaṇhi, so taṃ disvā yaṭṭhiyā pothetvā vissajjāpesi. Ajagaro siṅgālaṃ vissajjetvā tameva gaṇhi. Siṅgālo cintesi – ‘‘mayhaṃ iminā jīvitaṃ dinnaṃ, ahampi imassa dassāmī’’ti yāgughaṭassa upari ṭhapitaṃ vāsiṃ mukhena ḍaṃsitvā tassa santikaṃ agamāsi. Itare bhātaro disvā, ‘‘siṅgālo vāsiṃ haratī’’ti anubandhiṃsu. So tehi diṭṭhabhāvaṃ ñatvā vāsiṃ tassa santike chaḍḍetvā palāyi. Itare āgantvā kaniṭṭhaṃ ajagarena gahitaṃ disvā vāsiyā ajagaraṃ chinditvā taṃ gahetvā agamaṃsu. Evaṃ jarasiṅgāle siyā yā kāci kataññutā kataveditā. Sakyaputtiyapaṭiññeti idampi devadattassa ācārameva sandhāya vuttanti. Dvādasamaṃ.

Opammasaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

234. Katajānananti katūpakārajānanaṃ. Kataveditāti tasseva paresaṃ pākaṭakaraṇavasena jānanameva. Ācāramevāti katāparādhameva.

Dutiyasiṅgālasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Opammasaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

10. Bhikkhusaṃyuttaṃ

1. Kolitasuttaṃ

235. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa paccassosuṃ.

Āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca – ‘‘idha mayhaṃ, āvuso, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘ariyo tuṇhībhāvo, ariyo tuṇhībhāvoti vuccati. Katamo nu kho ariyo tuṇhībhāvo’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ āvuso, etadahosi – ‘idha bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati ariyo tuṇhībhāvo’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihariṃ. Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, iminā vihārena viharato vitakkasahagatā saññā manasikārā samudācaranti’’.

‘‘Atha kho maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkamitvā etadavoca – ‘moggallāna, moggallāna, mā, brāhmaṇa, ariyaṃ tuṇhībhāvaṃ pamādo, ariye tuṇhībhāve cittaṃ saṇṭhapehi, ariye tuṇhībhāve cittaṃ ekodibhāvaṃ karohi, ariye tuṇhībhāve cittaṃ samādahā’ti. So khvāhaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi. Yañhi taṃ, āvuso, sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārā anuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’ti, mamaṃ taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya – ‘satthārā anuggahito sāvako mahābhiññataṃ patto’’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

235. Bhikkhusaṃyuttassa paṭhame, āvusoti sāvakānaṃ ālāpo. Buddhā hi bhagavanto sāvake ālapantā, ‘‘bhikkhave’’ti ālapanti, sāvakā pana ‘‘buddhehi sadisā mā homā’’ti, ‘‘āvuso’’ti paṭhamaṃ vatvā pacchā, ‘‘bhikkhave’’ti bhaṇanti. Buddhehi ca ālapite bhikkhusaṅgho, ‘‘bhante’’ti paṭivacanaṃ deti sāvakehi, ‘‘āvuso’’ti. Ayaṃ vuccatīti yasmā dutiyajjhāne vitakkavicārā nirujjhanti, yesaṃ nirodhā saddāyatanaṃ appavattiṃ gacchati, tasmā yadetaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ nāma, ayaṃ vuccati ‘‘ariyānaṃ tuṇhībhāvo’’ti. Ayamettha yojanā. ‘‘Dhammī vā kathā ariyo vā tuṇhībhāvo’’ti ettha pana kammaṭṭhānamanasikāropi paṭhamajjhānādīnipi ariyo tuṇhībhāvotveva saṅkhaṃ gatāni.

Vitakkasahagatāti vitakkārammaṇā. Saññāmanasikārāti saññā ca manasikāro ca. Samudācarantīti pavattanti. Therassa kira dutiyajjhānaṃ na paguṇaṃ. Athassa tato vuṭṭhitassa vitakkavicārā na santato upaṭṭhahiṃsu. Iccassa dutiyajjhānampi saññāmanasikārāpi hānabhāgiyāva ahesuṃ, taṃ dassento evamāha. Saṇṭhapehīti sammā ṭhapehi. Ekodibhāvaṃ karohīti ekaggaṃ karohi. Samādahāti sammā ādaha āropehi. Mahābhiññatanti chaḷabhiññataṃ. Satthā kira iminā upāyena satta divase therassa hānabhāgiyaṃ samādhiṃ vaḍḍhetvā theraṃ chaḷabhiññataṃ pāpesi. Paṭhamaṃ.

235. Sāvakānaṃ ālāpoti sāvakānaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ uddissa ālāpo. Buddhehi sadisā mā homāti buddhāciṇṇaṃ samudācāraṃ akathentehi sāvakehi, ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti ālapitā bhikkhū, ‘‘āvuso’’ti paṭivacanaṃ denti, na, ‘‘bhante’’ti. Dutiyajjhāne vitakkavicārā nirujjhanti tesaṃ nirodheneva tassa jhānassa uppādetabbato. Yesaṃ nirodhāti yesaṃ vacīsaṅgārānaṃ vitakkavicārānaṃ nirujjhanena suvikkhambhitabhāvena saddāyatanaṃ appavattiṃ gacchati kāraṇassa dūrato passambhitattā. Ariyoti niddoso. Parisuddho tuṇhībhāvo, na titthiyānaṃ mūgabbataggahaṇaṃ viya aparisuddhoti adhippāyo. Paṭhamajjhānādīnīti ādi-saddena tatiyajjhānādīni saṅgaṇhāti.

2. Upatissasuttaṃ

236. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āvuso bhikkhave’’ti. ‘‘Āvuso’’ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca –

‘‘Idha mayhaṃ, āvuso, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi – ‘atthi nu kho taṃ kiñci lokasmiṃ yassa me vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjeyyuṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’ti? Tassa mayhaṃ, āvuso, etadahosi – ‘natthi kho taṃ kiñci lokasmiṃ yassa me vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā uppajjeyyuṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, āyasmā ānando āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘satthupi kho te, āvuso sāriputta, vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjeyyuṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’ti? ‘‘Satthupi kho me, āvuso, vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjeyyuṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā, api ca me evamassa – ‘mahesakkho vata, bho, satthā antarahito mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo. Sace hi bhagavā ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭheyya tadassa bahujanahitāya bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’nti. Tathā hi panāyasmato sāriputtassa dīgharattaṃ ahaṅkāramamaṅkāramānānusayā susamūhatā. Tasmā āyasmato sāriputtassa satthupi vipariṇāmaññathābhāvā nuppajjeyyuṃ sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsā’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

236. Dutiye atthi nu kho taṃ kiñci lokasminti idaṃ atiuḷārampi sattaṃ vā saṅkhāraṃ vā sandhāya vuttaṃ. Satthupi khoti idaṃ yasmā ānandattherassa satthari adhimatto chando ca pemañca, tasmā ‘‘kiṃ nu kho imassa therassa satthu vipariṇāmenapi sokādayo nuppajjeyyu’’nti jānanatthaṃ pucchati? Dīgharattanti sūkarakhataleṇadvāre dīghanakhaparibbājakassa vedanāpariggahasuttantaṃ desitadivasato paṭṭhāya atikkantakālaṃ sandhāyāha. Tasmiñhi divase therassa ime vaṭṭānugatakilesā samūhatāti. Dutiyaṃ.

236. Atiuḷārampi sattaṃ vā saṅkhāraṃ vā sandhāya vuttaṃ sabbatthameva sabbaso chandarāgassa suppahīnattā. Jānanatthaṃ pucchati satthuguṇānaṃ ativiya uḷāratamabhāvato.

Upatissasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Ghaṭasuttaṃ

237. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā ca sāriputto āyasmā ca mahāmoggallāno rājagahe viharanti veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe ekavihāre. Atha kho āyasmā sāriputto sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā mahāmoggallānena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā sāriputto āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Vippasannāni kho te, āvuso moggallāna, indriyāni; parisuddho mukhavaṇṇo pariyodāto santena nūnāyasmā mahāmoggallāno ajja vihārena vihāsī’’ti. ‘‘Oḷārikena khvāhaṃ, āvuso, ajja vihārena vihāsiṃ. Api ca, me ahosi dhammī kathā’’ti. ‘‘Kena saddhiṃ panāyasmato mahāmoggallānassa ahosi dhammī kathā’’ti? ‘‘Bhagavatā kho me, āvuso, saddhiṃ ahosi dhammī kathā’’ti. ‘‘Dūre kho, āvuso, bhagavā etarahi sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Kiṃ nu kho, āyasmā, mahāmoggallāno bhagavantaṃ iddhiyā upasaṅkami; udāhu bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahāmoggallānaṃ iddhiyā upasaṅkamī’’ti? ‘‘Na khvāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavantaṃ iddhiyā upasaṅkamiṃ; napi maṃ bhagavā iddhiyā upasaṅkami. Api ca, me yāvatā bhagavā ettāvatā dibbacakkhu visujjhi dibbā ca sotadhātu. Bhagavatopi yāvatāhaṃ ettāvatā dibbacakkhu visujjhi dibbā ca sotadhātū’’ti. ‘‘Yathākathaṃ panāyasmato mahāmoggallānassa bhagavatā saddhiṃ ahosi dhammī kathā’’ti?

‘‘Idhāhaṃ, āvuso, bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘āraddhavīriyo āraddhavīriyoti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, āraddhavīriyo hotī’ti? Evaṃ vutte, maṃ, āvuso, bhagavā etadavoca – ‘idha, moggallāna, bhikkhu āraddhavīriyo viharati – kāmaṃ taco ca nhāru ca aṭṭhī ca avasissatu, sarīre upasussatu maṃsalohitaṃ, yaṃ taṃ purisathāmena purisavīriyena purisaparakkamena pattabbaṃ na taṃ apāpuṇitvā vīriyassa saṇṭhānaṃ bhavissatīti. Evaṃ kho, moggallāna, āraddhavīriyo hotī’ti. Evaṃ kho me, āvuso, bhagavatā saddhiṃ ahosi dhammī kathā’’ti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, āvuso, himavato pabbatarājassa parittā pāsāṇasakkharā yāvadeva upanikkhepanamattāya; evameva kho mayaṃ āyasmato mahāmoggallānassa yāvadeva upanikkhepanamattāya. Āyasmā hi mahāmoggallāno mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo ākaṅkhamāno kappaṃ tiṭṭheyyā’’ti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, āvuso, mahatiyā loṇaghaṭāya parittā loṇasakkharāya yāvadeva upanikkhepanamattāya; evameva kho mayaṃ āyasmato sāriputtassa yāvadeva upanikkhepanamattāya. Āyasmā hi sāriputto bhagavatā anekapariyāyena thomito vaṇṇito pasattho –

‘‘Sāriputtova paññāya, sīlena upasamena ca;

Yopi pāraṅgato bhikkhu, etāvaparamo siyā’’ti.

Itiha te ubho mahānāgā aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ samanumodiṃsūti. Tatiyaṃ.

237. Tatiye ekavihāreti ekasmiṃ gabbhe. Tadā kira bahū āgantukā bhikkhū sannipatiṃsu. Tasmiṃ pariveṇaggena vā vihāraggena vā senāsanesu apāpuṇantesu dvinnaṃ therānaṃ eko gabbho sampatto. Te divā pāṭiyekkesu ṭhānesu nisīdanti, rattiṃ pana nesaṃ antare cīvarasāṇiṃ pasārenti. Te attano attano pattapattaṭṭhāneyeva nisīdanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ekavihāre’’ti. Oḷārikenāti idaṃ oḷārikārammaṇataṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Dibbacakkhudibbasotadhātuvihārena hi so vihāsi, tesañca rūpāyatanasaddāyatanasaṅkhātaṃ oḷārikaṃ ārammaṇaṃ. Iti dibbacakkhunā rūpassa diṭṭhattā dibbāya ca sotadhātuyā saddassa sutattā so vihāro oḷāriko nāma jāto. Dibbacakkhu visujjhīti bhagavato rūpadassanatthāya visuddhaṃ ahosi. Dibbā ca sotadhātūti sāpi bhagavato saddasuṇanatthaṃ visujjhi. Bhagavatopi therassa rūpadassanatthañceva saddasuṇanatthañca tadubhayaṃ visujjhi. Tadā kira thero ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho etarahi satthā viharatī’’ti ālokaṃ vaḍḍhetvā dibbena cakkhunā satthāraṃ jetavane vihāre gandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinnaṃ disvā tassa dibbāya sotadhātuyā saddaṃ suṇi. Satthāpi tatheva akāsi. Evaṃ te aññamaññaṃ passiṃsu ceva, saddañca assosuṃ.

Āraddhavīriyoti paripuṇṇavīriyo paggahitavīriyo. Yāvadeva upanikkhepanamattāyāti tiyojanasahassavitthārassa himavato santike ṭhapitā sāsapamattā pāsāṇasakkharā ‘‘himavā nu kho mahā, ayaṃ nu kho pāsāṇasakkharā’’ti evaṃ yāva upanikkhepanamattasseva atthāya bhaveyyāti vuttaṃ hoti. Paratopi eseva nayo. Kappanti āyukappaṃ. Loṇaghaṭāyāti cakkavāḷamukhavaṭṭiyā ādhārakaṃ katvā mukhavaṭṭiyā brahmalokaṃ āhacca ṭhitāya loṇacāṭiyāti dasseti.

Ime pana therā upamaṃ āharantā sarikkhakeneva ca vijjamānaguṇena ca āhariṃsu. Kathaṃ? Ayañhi iddhi nāma accuggataṭṭhena ceva vipulaṭṭhena ca himavantasadisā, paññā catubhūmakadhamme anupavisitvā ṭhitaṭṭhena sabbabyañjanesu anupaviṭṭhaloṇarasasadisā. Evaṃ tāva sarikkhakaṭṭhena āhariṃsu. Samādhilakkhaṇaṃ pana mahāmoggallānattherassa vibhūtaṃ pākaṭaṃ. Kiñcāpi sāriputtattherassa avijjamānaiddhi nāma natthi, bhagavatā pana ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ iddhimantānaṃ yadidaṃ mahāmoggallāno’’ti ayameva etadagge ṭhapito. Vipassanālakkhaṇaṃ pana sāriputtattherassa vibhūtaṃ pākaṭaṃ. Kiñcāpi mahāmoggallānattherassāpi paññā atthi, bhagavatā pana ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ mahāpaññānaṃ yadidaṃ sāriputto’’ti (a. ni. 1.189) ayameva etadagge ṭhapito. Tasmā yathā ete aññamaññassa dhuraṃ na pāpuṇanti, evaṃ vijjamānaguṇena āhariṃsu. Samādhilakkhaṇasmiñhi mahāmoggallāno nipphattiṃ gato, vipassanālakkhaṇe sāriputtatthero, dvīsupi etesu sammāsambuddhoti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Navasuttaṃ

238. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro navo bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vihāraṃ pavisitvā appossukko tuṇhībhūto saṅkasāyati, na bhikkhūnaṃ veyyāvaccaṃ karoti cīvarakārasamaye. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, aññataro navo bhikkhu pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vihāraṃ pavisitvā appossukko tuṇhībhūto saṅkasāyati, na bhikkhūnaṃ veyyāvaccaṃ karoti cīvarakārasamaye’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena taṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantehi ‘satthā taṃ, āvuso, āmantetī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘satthā taṃ, āvuso, āmantetī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho so bhikkhu tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho taṃ bhikkhuṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto vihāraṃ pavisitvā appossukko tuṇhībhūto saṅkasāyasi, na bhikkhūnaṃ veyyāvaccaṃ karosi cīvarakārasamaye’’ti? ‘‘Ahampi kho, bhante, sakaṃ kiccaṃ karomī’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā tassa bhikkhuno cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘mā kho tumhe, bhikkhave, etassa bhikkhuno ujjhāyittha. Eso kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, yassa catthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Nayidaṃ sithilamārabbha, nayidaṃ appena thāmasā;

Nibbānaṃ adhigantabbaṃ, sabbadukkhappamocanaṃ.

‘‘Ayañca daharo bhikkhu, ayamuttamapuriso;

Dhāreti antimaṃ dehaṃ, jetvā māraṃ savāhini’’nti. catutthaṃ;

238. Catutthe appossukkoti nirussukko. Saṅkasāyatīti viharati. Veyyāvaccanti cīvare kattabbakiccaṃ. Ābhicetasikānanti abhicittaṃ uttamacittaṃ nissitānaṃ. Nikāmalābhīti icchiticchitakkhaṇe samāpajjanasamatthatāya nikāmalābhī. Akicchalābhīti jhānapāripanthike sukhena vikkhambhetvā samāpajjanasamatthatāya adukkhalābhī. Akasiralābhīti yathāparicchedena vuṭṭhānasamatthatāya vipulalābhī, paguṇajjhānoti attho. Sithilamārabbhāti sithilavīriyaṃ pavattetvā. Catutthaṃ.

238. Abhicetasi nissitā ābhicetasikā. Paṭipakkhavidhamanena abhivisiṭṭhaṃ cittaṃ abhicittaṃ. Yasmā jhānānaṃ taṃsampayuttaṃ cittaṃ nissāya paccayo hotiyeva, tasmā **‘‘nissitāna’’**nti vuttaṃ. Nikāmalābhīti yathicchitalābhī. Yathāparicchedenāti yathākatena kālaparicchedena. Vipulalābhīti appamāṇalābhī. ‘‘Kasira’’nti hi parittaṃ vuccati, tappaṭipakkhena akasiraṃ appamāṇaṃ. Tenāha **‘‘paguṇajjhānoti attho’’**ti. Sithilamārabbhāti sithilaṃ vīriyārambhaṃ katvāti atthoti āha **‘‘sithilaṃ vīriyaṃ pavattetvā’’**ti.

Navasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Sujātasuttaṃ

239. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā sujāto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ sujātaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘ubhayenevāyaṃ, bhikkhave, kulaputto sobhati – yañca abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, yassa catthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajjanti tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā…pe… satthā –

‘‘Sobhati vatāyaṃ bhikkhu, ujubhūtena cetasā;

Vippayutto visaṃyutto, anupādāya nibbuto;

Dhāreti antimaṃ dehaṃ, jetvā māraṃ savāhini’’nti. pañcamaṃ;

239. Pañcame abhirūpoti aññāni rūpāni atikkantarūpo. Dassanīyoti daṭṭhabbayutto. Pāsādikoti dassanena cittaṃ pasādetuṃ samattho. Vaṇṇapokkharatāyāti chavivaṇṇasundaratāya. Pañcamaṃ.

239. Aññāni rūpānīti paresaṃ rūpāni. Atikkantarūpoti attano rūpasampattiyā rūpasobhāya atikkamitvā ṭhitarūpo, sucirampi velaṃ olokentassa tuṭṭhiāvaho. Dassanassa cakkhussa hitoti dassanīyo. Pasādaṃ āvahatīti pāsādiko. Chavivaṇṇasundaratāyāti chavivaṇṇassa ceva sarīrasaṇṭhānassa ca sobhanabhāvena.

Sujātasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Lakuṇḍakabhaddiyasuttaṃ

240. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā lakuṇḍakabhaddiyo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ lakuṇḍakabhaddiyaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, etaṃ bhikkhuṃ āgacchantaṃ dubbaṇṇaṃ duddasikaṃ okoṭimakaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paribhūtarūpa’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo, na ca sā samāpatti sulabharūpā yā tena bhikkhunā asamāpannapubbā. Yassa catthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā…pe… satthā –

‘‘Haṃsā koñcā mayūrā ca, hatthayo pasadā migā;

Sabbe sīhassa bhāyanti, natthi kāyasmiṃ tulyatā.

‘‘Evameva manussesu, daharo cepi paññavā;

So hi tattha mahā hoti, neva bālo sarīravā’’ti. chaṭṭhaṃ;

240. Chaṭṭhe dubbaṇṇanti virūpasarīravaṇṇaṃ. Okoṭimakanti rassaṃ. Paribhūtarūpanti pamāṇavasena paribhūtajātikaṃ. Taṃ kira chabbaggiyā bhikkhū, ‘‘āvuso bhaddiya, āvuso, bhaddiyā’’ti tattha tattha parāmasitvā nānappakāraṃ kīḷanti ākaḍḍhanti parikaḍḍhanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘paribhūtarūpa’’nti. Kasmā panesa evarūpo jāto? Ayaṃ kira atīte eko mahārājā ahosi, tassa mahallakā ca mahallakitthiyo ca paṭikūlā honti. So sace mahallake passati, tesaṃ cūḷaṃ ṭhapāpetvā kacchaṃ bandhāpetvā yathāruci kīḷāpeti. Mahallakitthiyopi disvā tāsampi icchiticchitaṃ vippakāraṃ katvā yathāruci kīḷāpeti. Tesaṃ puttadhītādīnaṃ santike mahāsārajjaṃ uppajjati. Tassa pāpakiriyā pathavito paṭṭhāya chadevaloke ekakolāhalaṃ akāsi.

Atha sakko cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ andhabālo mahājanaṃ viheṭheti, karissāmissa niggaha’’nti. So mahallakagāmiyavaṇṇaṃ katvā yānake ekaṃ takkacāṭiṃ āropetvā yānaṃ pesento nagaraṃ pavisati. Rājāpi hatthiṃ āruyha nagarato nikkhanto taṃ disvā – ‘‘ayaṃ mahallako takkayānakena amhākaṃ abhimukho āgacchati, vāretha vārethā’’ti āha. Manussā ito cito ca pakkhandantāpi na passanti. Sakko hi ‘‘rājāva maṃ passatu, mā aññe’’ti evaṃ adhiṭṭhahi. Atha tesu manussesu ‘‘kahaṃ, deva, kahaṃ devā’’ti vadantesu eva rājā saha hatthinā vaccho viya dhenuyā yānassa heṭṭhā pāvisi. Sakko takkacāṭiṃ bhindi.

Rājā sīsato paṭṭhāya takkena kilinnasarīro ahosi. So sarīraṃ ubbaṭṭāpetvā uyyānapokkharaṇiyaṃ nhatvā alaṅkatasarīro nagaraṃ pavisanto puna taṃ addasa. Disvā ‘‘ayaṃ so amhehi diṭṭhamahallako puna dissati. Vāretha vāretha na’’nti āha. Manussā ‘‘kahaṃ, deva, kahaṃ, devā’’ti ito cito ca vidhāviṃsu. So paṭhamavippakārameva puna pāpuṇi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe sakko goṇe ca yānañca antaradhāpetvā ākāse ṭhatvā āha, ‘‘andhabāla, tvaṃ mayi takkavāṇijako eso’’ti saññaṃ karosi, sakkohaṃ devarājā, ‘‘tavetaṃ pāpakiriyaṃ nivāressāmī’’ti āgato, ‘‘mā puna evarūpaṃ akāsī’’ti santajjetvā agamāsi. Iminā kammena so dubbaṇṇo ahosi.

Vipassīsammāsambuddhakāle panesa cittapattakokilo nāma hutvā kheme migadāye vasanto ekadivasaṃ himavantaṃ gantvā madhuraṃ ambaphalaṃ tuṇḍena gahetvā āgacchanto bhikkhusaṅghaparivāraṃ satthāraṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘ahaṃ aññesu divasesu rittako tathāgataṃ passāmi. Ajja pana me imaṃ ambapakkaṃ atthi, dasabalassa taṃ dassāmī’’ti otaritvā ākāse carati. Satthā tassa cittaṃ ñatvā upaṭṭhākaṃ olokesi. So pattaṃ nīharitvā dasabalaṃ vanditvā satthu hatthe ṭhapesi. Kokilo dasabalassa patte ambapakkaṃ patiṭṭhāpesi. Satthā tattheva nisīditvā taṃ paribhuñji. Kokilo pasannacitto punappunaṃ dasabalassa guṇe āvajjetvā dasabalaṃ vanditvā attano kulāvakaṃ gantvā sattāhaṃ pītisukheneva vītināmesi. Iminā kammena saro madhuro ahosi.

7. Visākhasuttaṃ

241. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā visākho pañcālaputto upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti, poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāya.

Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena upaṭṭhānasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘ko nu kho, bhikkhave, upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāyā’’ti? ‘‘Āyasmā, bhante, visākho pañcālaputto upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandasseti samādapeti samuttejeti sampahaṃseti, poriyā vācāya vissaṭṭhāya anelagalāya atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāyā’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ visākhaṃ pañcālaputtaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, visākha, sādhu kho tvaṃ, visākha, bhikkhū dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi…pe… atthassa viññāpaniyā pariyāpannāya anissitāyā’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Nābhāsamānaṃ jānanti, missaṃ bālehi paṇḍitaṃ;

Bhāsamānañca jānanti, desentaṃ amataṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Bhāsaye jotaye dhammaṃ, paggaṇhe isinaṃ dhajaṃ;

Subhāsitadhajā isayo, dhammo hi isinaṃ dhajo’’ti. sattamaṃ;

241. Sattame poriyā vācāyāti puravāsīnaṃ nagaramanussānaṃ vācāsadisāya aparihīnakkharapadāya madhuravācāya. Vissaṭṭhāyāti asandiddhāya apalibuddhāya, pittasemhehi anupahatāyāti attho. Anelagalāyāti yathā dandhamanussā mukhena kheḷaṃ gaḷantena vācaṃ bhāsanti, na evarūpāya, atha kho niddosāya visadavācāya. Pariyāpannāyāti catusaccapariyāpannāya cattāri saccāni amuñcitvā pavattāya. Anissitāyāti vaṭṭanissitaṃ katvā akathitāya. Dhammo hi isinaṃ dhajoti navavidhalokuttaradhammo isīnaṃ dhajo nāmāti. Sattamaṃ.

241. Purassa esāti porī, cāturiyayuttatā. Tenāha **‘‘puravāsīna’’**ntiādi. Sā pana dutavilambitakhalitavasena appasannalūkhatādidosarahitā hotīti āha **‘‘pura…pe… vācāyā’’**ti. Asandiddhāyāti muttavācāya. Tenāha **‘‘apalibuddhāyā’’**tiādi. Na elaṃ dosaṃ galetīti anelagalā, avirujjhanavācā. Tenāha **‘‘niddosāyā’’**ti. Catusaccassa pakāsakā, na kadāci saccavimuttāti āha **‘‘catusaccapariyāpannāyā’’**ti. Tā hi cattāri saccāni paricchijja āpādenti paṭipādenti pavattenti. Tenāha **‘‘cattāri saccāni amuñcitvā pavattāyā’’**ti. Dhajo nāma sabbadhammehi samussitaṭṭhena.

Visākhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Nandasuttaṃ

242. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā nando bhagavato mātucchāputto ākoṭitapaccākoṭitāni cīvarāni pārupitvā akkhīni añjetvā acchaṃ pattaṃ gahetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ nandaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘na kho te taṃ, nanda, patirūpaṃ kulaputtassa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitassa, yaṃ tvaṃ ākoṭitapaccākoṭitāni cīvarāni pārupeyyāsi, akkhīni ca añjeyyāsi, acchañca pattaṃ dhāreyyāsi. Etaṃ kho te, nanda, patirūpaṃ kulaputtassa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitassa, yaṃ tvaṃ āraññiko ca assasi, piṇḍapātiko ca paṃsukuliko ca kāmesu ca anapekkho vihareyyāsī’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā…pe… satthā –

‘‘Kadāhaṃ nandaṃ passeyyaṃ, āraññaṃ paṃsukūlikaṃ;

Aññātuñchena yāpentaṃ, kāmesu anapekkhina’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā nando aparena samayena āraññiko ca piṇḍapātiko ca paṃsukūliko ca kāmesu ca anapekkho vihāsīti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

242. Aṭṭhame ākoṭitapaccākoṭitānīti ekasmiṃ passe pāṇinā vā muggarena vā ākoṭanena ākoṭitāni, parivattetvā ākoṭanena paccākoṭitāni. Añjetvāti añjanena pūretvā. Acchaṃ pattanti vippasannavaṇṇaṃ mattikāpattaṃ. Kasmā pana thero evamakāsīti? Satthu ajjhāsayajānanatthaṃ. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi ‘‘sace satthā ‘sobhati vata me ayaṃ kaniṭṭhabhātiko’ti vakkhati, yāvajīvaṃ iminā vākārena carissāmi. Sace ettha dosaṃ dassati, imaṃ ākāraṃ pahāya saṅkāracoḷaṃ gahetvā cīvaraṃ katvā dhārento pariyantasenāsane vasanto carissāmī’’ti. Assasīti bhavissasi.

Aññātuñchenāti abhilakkhitesu issarajanagehesu kaṭukabhaṇḍasambhāraṃ sugandhaṃ bhojanaṃ pariyesantassa uñcho ñātuñcho nāma. Gharapaṭipāṭiyā pana dvāre ṭhitena laddhaṃ missakabhojanaṃ aññātuñcho nāma. Ayamidha adhippeto. Kāmesu anapekkhinanti vatthukāmakilesakāmesu nirapekkhaṃ. Āraññiko cātiādi sabbaṃ samādānavaseneva vuttaṃ. Kāmesu ca anapekkhoti idaṃ suttaṃ devaloke accharāyo dassetvā āgatena aparabhāge kathitaṃ. Imassa kathitadivasato paṭṭhāya thero ghaṭento vāyamanto katipāheneva arahatte patiṭṭhāya sadevake loke aggadakkhiṇeyyo jāto. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

242. Āraññikotiādīsu araññakathāsīsena senāsanapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ dhutaṅgānaṃ, piṇḍapātakathāsīsena piṇḍapātapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ, paṃsukūlikasīsena cīvarapaṭisaṃyuttānaṃ, taggahaṇeneva vīriyanissitadhutaṅgassa ca samādāya vattanaṃ dīpitanti veditabbaṃ. Āgatena bhagavatā aparabhāge kathitaṃ.

Nandasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Tissasuttaṃ

243. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā tisso bhagavato pitucchāputto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi dukkhī dummano assūni pavattayamāno. Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ tissaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kiṃ nu kho tvaṃ, tissa, ekamantaṃ nisinno dukkhī dummano assūni pavattayamāno’’ti? ‘‘Tathā hi pana maṃ, bhante, bhikkhū samantā vācāsannitodakena vācāya sannitodakena (ka.) sañjambharimakaṃsū’’ti sañjabbharimakaṃsūti (?). ‘‘Tathāhi pana tvaṃ, tissa, vattā no ca vacanakkhamo; na kho te taṃ, tissa, patirūpaṃ kulaputtassa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitassa, yaṃ tvaṃ vattā no ca vacanakkhamo. Etaṃ kho te, tissa, patirūpaṃ kulaputtassa saddhā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitassa – ‘yaṃ tvaṃ vattā ca assa vacanakkhamo cā’’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Kiṃ nu kujjhasi mā kujjhi, akkodho tissa te varaṃ;

Kodhamānamakkhavinayatthañhi, tissa brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti. navamaṃ;

243. Navame dummanoti uppannadomanasso. Kasmā panāyaṃ evaṃ dukkhī dummano jātoti? Khattiyapabbajito hesa, tena naṃ pabbājetvā dupaṭṭasāṭakaṃ nivāsāpetvā varacīvaraṃ pārupetvā akkhīni añjetvā manosilātelena sīsaṃ makkhesuṃ. So bhikkhūsu rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānaṃ gatesu ‘‘bhikkhunā nāma vivittokāse nisīditabba’’nti ajānanto bhojanasālaṃ gantvā mahāpīṭhaṃ āruhitvā nisīdi. Disāvacarā āgantukā paṃsukūlikā bhikkhū āgantvā, ‘‘imināva nīhārena rajokiṇṇehi gattehi na sakkā dasabalaṃ passituṃ. Bhaṇḍakaṃ tāva ṭhapessāmā’’ti bhojanasālaṃ agamaṃsu. So tesu mahātheresu āgacchantesu niccalo nisīdiyeva. Aññe bhikkhū ‘‘pādavattaṃ karoma, tālavaṇṭena bījāmā’’ti āpucchanti. Ayaṃ pana nisinnakova ‘‘kativassatthā’’ti? Pucchitvā, ‘‘mayaṃ avassikā. Tumhe pana kativassatthā’’ti? Vutte, ‘‘mayaṃ ajja pabbajitā’’ti āha. Atha naṃ bhikkhū, ‘‘āvuso, adhunā chinnacūḷosi, ajjāpi te sīsamūle ūkāgandho vāyatiyeva, tvaṃ nāma ettakesu vuḍḍhataresu vattaṃ āpucchantesu nissaddo niccalo nisinno, apacitimattampi te natthi, kassa sāsane pabbajitosī’’ti? Parivāretvā taṃ vācāsattīhi paharantā ‘‘kiṃ tvaṃ iṇaṭṭo vā bhayaṭṭo vā jīvituṃ asakkonto pabbajito’’ti? Āhaṃsu. So ekampi theraṃ olokesi, tena ‘‘kiṃ maṃ olokesi mahallakā’’ti? Vutte aññaṃ olokesi, tenapi tatheva vutte athassa ‘‘ime maṃ parivāretvā vācāsattīhi vijjhantī’’ti khattiyamāno uppajji. Akkhīsu maṇivaṇṇāni assūni sañcariṃsu. Tato ne āha – ‘‘kassa santikaṃ āgatatthā’’ti. Te ‘‘kiṃ pana tvaṃ ‘mayhaṃ santikaṃ āgatā’ti? Amhe maññasi gihibyañjanabhaṭṭhakā’’ti vatvā, ‘‘sadevake loke aggapuggalassa satthu santikaṃ āgatamhā’’ti āhaṃsu. So ‘‘mayhaṃ bhātu santike āgatā tumhe, yadi evaṃ idāni vo āgatamaggeneva gamanaṃ karissāmī’’ti kujjhitvā nikkhanto antarāmagge cintesi – ‘‘mayi imināva nīhārena gate satthā ete na nīharāpessatī’’ti dukkhī dummano assūni pavattayamāno agamāsi. Iminā kāraṇena esa evaṃ jātoti.

Vācāsannitodakenāti vacanapatodena. Sañjambharimakaṃsūti sañjambharitaṃ nirantaraṃ phuṭaṃ akaṃsu, upari vijjhiṃsūti vuttaṃ hoti. Vattāti pare yadicchakaṃ vadatiyeva. No ca vacanakkhamoti paresaṃ vacanaṃ khamituṃ na sakkoti. Idāni tāva tvaṃ iminā kopena iminā vuttavācāsannitodakena viddho. Atīte pana raṭṭhato ca pabbājitoti. Evaṃ vutte, ‘‘katarasmiṃ kāle bhagavā’’ti? Bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ yāciṃsu.

Satthā āha – atīte bārāṇasiyaṃ bārāṇasirājā rajjaṃ kāresi. Atheko jātimā, eko mātaṅgoti dve isayo bārāṇasiṃ agamaṃsu. Tesu jātimā puretaraṃ gantvā kumbhakārasālāyaṃ nisīdi. Mātaṅgo tāpaso pacchā gantvā tattha okāsaṃ yāci kumbhakāro ‘‘atthettha paṭhamataraṃ paviṭṭho pabbajito, taṃ pucchā’’ti āha. So attano parikkhāraṃ gahetvā sālāya dvāramūle ṭhatvā, ‘‘amhākampi ācariya ekarattivāsāya okāsaṃ dethā’’ti āha. ‘‘Pavisa, bho’’ti. Pavisitvā nisinnaṃ, ‘‘bho, kiṃ gottosī’’ti? Pucchi. ‘‘Caṇḍālagottomhī’’ti. ‘‘Na sakkā tayā saddhiṃ ekaṭṭhāne nisīdituṃ, ekamantaṃ gacchā’’ti. So ca tattheva tiṇasanthārakaṃ pattharitvā nipajji, jātimā dvāraṃ nissāya nipajji. Itaro passāvatthāya nikkhamanto taṃ urasmiṃ akkami. ‘‘Ko eso’’ti ca vutte? ‘‘Ahaṃ ācariyā’’ti āha. ‘‘Re caṇḍāla, kiṃ aññato maggaṃ na passasi? Atha me āgantvā akkamasī’’ti. ‘‘Ācariya, adisvā me akkantosi, khama mayha’’nti. So mahāpurise bahi nikkhante cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ paccāgacchantopi itova āgamissatī’’ti parivattetvā nipajji. Mahāpurisopi ‘‘ācariyo ito sīsaṃ katvā nipanno, pādasamīpena gamissāmī’’ti pavisanto puna urasmiṃyeva akkami. ‘‘Ko eso’’ti ca vutte? ‘‘Ahaṃ ācariyā’’ti āha. ‘‘Paṭhamaṃ tāva te ajānantena kataṃ, idāni maṃ ghaṭentova akāsi, sūriye te uggacchante sattadhā muddhā phalatū’’ti sapi. Mahāpuriso kiñci avatvā purearuṇeyeva sūriyaṃ gaṇhi, nāssa uggantuṃ adāsi. Manussā ca hatthiassādayo ca pabujjhiṃsu.

10. Theranāmakasuttaṃ

244. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu theranāmako ekavihārī ceva hoti ekavihārassa ca vaṇṇavādī. So eko gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisati eko paṭikkamati eko raho nisīdati eko caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhāti. Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, aññataro bhikkhu theranāmako ekavihārī ekavihārassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.

Atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, mama vacanena theraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantehi – ‘satthā taṃ, āvuso thera, āmantetī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato paṭissutvā yenāyasmā thero tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ theraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘satthā taṃ, āvuso thera, āmantetī’’ti. ‘‘Evamāvuso’’ti kho āyasmā thero tassa bhikkhuno paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho āyasmantaṃ theraṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, thera, ekavihārī ekavihārassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, thera, ekavihārī ekavihārassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, eko gāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisāmi eko paṭikkamāmi eko raho nisīdāmi eko caṅkamaṃ adhiṭṭhāmi. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, ekavihārī ekavihārassa ca vaṇṇavādī’’ti.

‘‘Attheso, thera, ekavihāro neso natthīti vadāmi. Api ca, thera, yathā ekavihāro vitthārena paripuṇṇo hoti taṃ suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi; bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho…pe…. ‘‘Kathañca, thera, ekavihāro vitthārena paripuṇṇo hoti. Idha, thera, yaṃ atītaṃ taṃ pahīnaṃ, yaṃ anāgataṃ taṃ paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ, paccuppannesu ca attabhāvapaṭilābhesu chandarāgo suppaṭivinīto. Evaṃ kho, thera, ekavihāro vitthārena paripuṇṇo hotī’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Sabbābhibhuṃ sabbaviduṃ sumedhaṃ,

Sabbesu dhammesu anūpalittaṃ;

Sabbañjahaṃ taṇhākkhaye vimuttaṃ,

Tamahaṃ naraṃ ekavihārīti brūmī’’ti. dasamaṃ;

244. Dasame vaṇṇavādīti ānisaṃsavādī. Yaṃ atītaṃ taṃ pahīnanti atīte khandhapañcake chandarāgappahānena taṃ pahīnaṃ nāma hoti. Anāgatanti anāgatampi khandhapañcakaṃ tattha chandarāgapaṭinissaggena paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ nāma hoti. Sabbābhibhunti sabbā khandhāyatanadhātuyo ca tayo bhave ca abhibhavitvā ṭhitaṃ. Sabbavidunti taṃ vuttappakāraṃ sabbaṃ viditaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā ṭhitaṃ. Sabbesu dhammesūti tesveva dhammesu taṇhādiṭṭhilepehi anupalittaṃ. Sabbañjahanti tadeva sabbaṃ tattha chandarāgappahānena jahitvā ṭhitaṃ. Taṇhakkhaye vimuttanti taṇhakkhayasaṅkhāte nibbāne tadārammaṇāya vimuttiyā vimuttaṃ. Dasamaṃ.

244. Atīte khandhapañcaketi atīte attabhāve. Chandarāgappahānenāti chandarāgassa accantameva jahanena. Pahīnaṃ nāma hoti anapekkhapariccāgato. Paṭinissaṭṭhaṃ nāma hoti sabbaso chaḍḍitattā. Tayo bhaveti iminā upādiṇṇakadhammānaṃyeva gahaṇaṃ. Sabbā khandhāyatanadhātuyo cāti iminā upādiṇṇānampi anupādiṇṇānampi dvidhā pavattalokiyadhammānaṃ gahaṇaṃ avisesetvā vuttattā. Viditaṃ pākaṭaṃ katvā ṭhitaṃ pariññābhisamayavasena. Tesvevāti tebhūmakadhammesu eva. Anupalittaṃ amathitaṃ asaṃkiliṭṭhaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhisaṃkilesābhāvato. Tadeva sabbanti heṭṭhā tīsupi padesu idha sabbaggahaṇena gahitaṃ tebhūmakavaṭṭaṃ. Jahitvāti pahānābhisamayavasena. Taṇhā khīyati etthāti taṇhakkhayasaṅkhāte nibbāne vimuttaṃ. Tamahanti taṃ uttamapuggalaṃ ekavihāriṃ brūmi taṇhādutiyassa abhāvato. Ettha ca pariññāpahānābhisamayakathanena itarampi abhisamayaṃ atthato kathitamevāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Theranāmakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

11. Mahākappinasuttaṃ

245. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho āyasmā mahākappino yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ mahākappinaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe bhikkhave, etaṃ bhikkhuṃ āgacchantaṃ odātakaṃ tanukaṃ tuṅganāsika’’nti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Eso kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu mahiddhiko mahānubhāvo. Na ca sā samāpatti sulabharūpā yā tena bhikkhunā asamāpannapubbā. Yassa catthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṃ, ye gottapaṭisārino;

Vijjācaraṇasampanno, so seṭṭho devamānuse.

‘‘Divā tapati ādicco, rattimābhāti candimā;

Sannaddho khattiyo tapati, jhāyī tapati brāhmaṇo;

Atha sabbamahorattiṃ atha sabbamahorattaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.), buddho tapati tejasā’’ti. ekādasamaṃ;

245. Ekādasame mahākappinoti evaṃnāmako abhiññābalappatto asītimahāsāvakānaṃ abbhantaro mahāthero. So kira gihikāle kukkuṭavatīnagare tiyojanasatikaṃ rajjaṃ akāsi. Pacchimabhavikattā pana tathārūpaṃ sāsanaṃ sotuṃ ohitasoto vicarati. Athekadivasaṃ amaccasahassaparivuto uyyānakīḷikaṃ agamāsi. Tadā ca majjhimadesato jaṅghavāṇijā taṃ nagaraṃ gantvā, bhaṇḍaṃ paṭisāmetvā, ‘‘rājānaṃ passissāmā’’ti paṇṇākārahatthā rājakuladvāraṃ gantvā, ‘‘rājā uyyānaṃ gato’’ti sutvā, uyyānaṃ gantvā, dvāre ṭhitā, paṭihārassa ārocayiṃsu. Atha rañño nivedite rājā pakkosāpetvā niyyātitapaṇṇākāre vanditvā ṭhite, ‘‘tātā, kuto āgatatthā’’ti? Pucchi. ‘‘Sāvatthito devā’’ti. ‘‘Kacci vo raṭṭhaṃ subhikkhaṃ, dhammiko rājā’’ti? ‘‘Āma, devā’’ti. ‘‘Atthi pana tumhākaṃ dese kiñci sāsana’’nti? ‘‘Atthi, deva, na pana sakkā ucchiṭṭhamukhehi kathetu’’nti. Rājā suvaṇṇabhiṅgārena udakaṃ dāpesi. Te mukhaṃ vikkhāletvā dasabalābhimukhā añjaliṃ paggaṇhitvā, ‘‘deva, amhākaṃ dese buddharatanaṃ nāma uppanna’’nti āhaṃsu. Rañño ‘‘buddho’’ti vacane sutamatte sakalasarīraṃ pharamānā pīti uppajji. Tato ‘‘buddhoti, tātā, vadathā’’ti? Āha. ‘‘Buddhoti deva vadāmā’’ti. Evaṃ tikkhattuṃ vadāpetvā, ‘‘buddhoti padaṃ aparimāṇaṃ, nāssa sakkā parimāṇaṃ kātu’’nti tasmiṃyeva pasanno satasahassaṃ datvā puna ‘‘aññaṃ kiṃ sāsana’’nti? Pucchi. ‘‘Deva dhammaratanaṃ nāma uppanna’’nti. Tampi sutvā tatheva tikkhattuṃ paṭiññaṃ gahetvā aparampi satasahassaṃ datvā puna ‘‘aññaṃ kiṃ sāsana’’nti? Pucchi. ‘‘Saṅgharatanaṃ deva uppanna’’nti. Tampi sutvā tatheva tikkhattuṃ paṭiññaṃ gahetvā aparampi satasahassaṃ datvā dinnabhāvaṃ paṇṇe likhitvā, ‘‘tātā, deviyā santikaṃ gacchathā’’ti pesesi. Tesu gatesu amacce pucchi, ‘‘tātā, buddho loke uppanno, tumhe kiṃ karissathā’’ti? ‘‘Deva tumhe kiṃ kattukāmā’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ pabbajissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Mayampi pabbajissāmā’’ti. Te sabbepi gharaṃ vā kuṭumbaṃ vā anapaloketvā ye asse āruyha gatā, teheva nikkhamiṃsu.

Vāṇijā anojādeviyā santikaṃ gantvā paṇṇaṃ dassesuṃ. Sā vācetvā ‘‘raññā tumhākaṃ bahū kahāpaṇā dinnā, kiṃ tumhehi kataṃ, tātā’’ti? Pucchi. ‘‘Piyasāsanaṃ devi ānīta’’nti. ‘‘Amhepi sakkā, tātā, suṇāpetu’’nti. ‘‘Sakkā devi, ucchiṭṭhamukhehi pana vattuṃ na sakkā’’ti. Sā suvaṇṇabhiṅgārena udakaṃ dāpesi. Te mukhaṃ vikkhāletvā rañño ārocitanayeneva ārocesuṃ. Sāpi sutvā uppannapāmojjā teneva nayena ekekasmiṃ pade tikkhattuṃ paṭiññaṃ gahetvā paṭiññāgaṇanāya tīṇi tīṇi katvā navasatasahassāni adāsi. Vāṇijā sabbānipi dvādasasatasahassāni labhiṃsu. Atha ne ‘‘rājā kahaṃ, tātā’’ti, pucchi. ‘‘Pabbajissāmīti nikkhanto devī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, tātā, tumhe gacchathā’’ti te uyyojetvā raññā saddhiṃ gatānaṃ amaccānaṃ mātugāme pakkosāpetvā, ‘‘tumhe attano sāmikānaṃ gataṭṭhānaṃ jānātha ammā’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Jānāma ayye, raññā saddhiṃ uyyānakīḷikaṃ gatā’’ti. Āma gatā, tattha pana gantvā, ‘‘buddho uppanno, dhammo uppanno, saṅgho uppanno’’ti sutvā, ‘‘dasabalassa santike pabbajissāmā’’ti gatā. ‘‘Tumhe kiṃ karissathā’’ti? ‘‘Tumhe pana ayye kiṃ kattukāmā’’ti? ‘‘Ahaṃ pabbajissāmi, na tehi vantavamanaṃ jivhagge ṭhapeyya’’nti. ‘‘Yadi evaṃ, mayampi pabbajissāmā’’ti sabbā rathe yojāpetvā nikkhamiṃsu.

12. Sahāyakasuttaṃ

246. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati. Atha kho dve bhikkhū sahāyakā āyasmato mahākappinassa saddhivihārino yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Addasā kho bhagavā te bhikkhū dūratova āgacchante. Disvāna bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘passatha no tumhe, bhikkhave, ete bhikkhū sahāyake āgacchante kappinassa saddhivihārino’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Ete kho te bhikkhū mahiddhikā mahānubhāvā. Na ca sā samāpatti sulabharūpā, yā tehi bhikkhūhi asamāpannapubbā. Yassa catthāya kulaputtā sammadeva agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti tadanuttaraṃ brahmacariyapariyosānaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Sahāyā vatime bhikkhū, cirarattaṃ sametikā;

Sameti nesaṃ saddhammo, dhamme buddhappavedite.

‘‘Suvinītā kappinena, dhamme ariyappavedite;

Dhārenti antimaṃ dehaṃ, jetvā māraṃ savāhini’’nti. dvādasamaṃ;

Bhikkhusaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Kolito upatisso ca, ghaṭo cāpi pavuccati;

Navo sujāto bhaddi ca, visākho nando tisso ca;

Theranāmo ca kappino, sahāyena ca dvādasāti.

Nidānavaggo dutiyo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Nidānābhisamayadhātu, anamataggena kassapaṃ;

Sakkārarāhulalakkhaṇo, opamma-bhikkhunā vaggo.

Dutiyo tena pavuccatīti.

Nidānavaggasaṃyuttapāḷi niṭṭhitā.

246. Dvādasame cirarattaṃsametikāti dīgharattaṃ saṃsanditvā sametvā ṭhitaladdhino. Te kira pañcajātisatāni ekatova vicariṃsu. Sameti nesaṃ saddhammoti idāni imesaṃ ayaṃ sāsanadhammo saṃsandati sameti. Dhamme buddhappavediteti buddhena pavedite dhamme etesaṃ sāsanadhammo sobhatīti attho. Suvinītā kappinenāti attano upajjhāyena ariyappavedite dhamme suṭṭhu vinītā. Sesaṃ sabbattha uttānamevāti. Dvādasamaṃ.

Bhikkhusaṃyuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Iti sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Nidānavaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

246. Sammā saṃsandanavasena eti pavattatīti sameti, sammādiṭṭhiādi. Sammā cirarattaṃ cirakālaṃ sameti etesaṃ atthīti cirarattaṃsametikā. Tenāha ‘‘dīgharatta’’ntiādi. Idāni imesanti etarahi etesaṃ. Ayaṃ sāsanadhammo ajjhāsayato payogato ca sammā saṃsandati sameti, tasmā majjhe bhinnaṃ viya samameva na visadisaṃ. Kiñca tato eva buddhena bhagavatā paveditadhammavinaye etesaṃ paṭipattisāsanadhammo sobhati virocatīti attho. Ariyappavediteti ariyena sammāsambuddhena sammadeva pakāsite ariyadhamme. Sammadeva samucchedapaṭippassaddhivinayānaṃ vasena suṭṭhu vinītā sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhānaṃ vūpasamena.

Sahāyakasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sāratthappakāsiniyā saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya

Bhikkhusaṃyuttavaṇṇanāya līnatthappakāsanā samattā.

Niṭṭhitā ca sāratthappakāsiniyā

Saṃyuttanikāya-aṭṭhakathāya nidānavaggavaṇṇanā.