1.5.3.1 Ovādasikkhāpada

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tena kho pana samayena therā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo ovadantā lābhino honti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Atha kho chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi—

“etarahi kho, āvuso, therā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo ovadantā lābhino honti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Handāvuso, mayampi bhikkhuniyo ovadāmā”ti. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ—

“amhepi, bhaginiyo, upasaṅkamatha; mayampi ovadissāmā”ti.

Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo yena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā chabbaggiye bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhunīnaṃ parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojesuṃ—

“gacchatha, bhaginiyo”ti. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavā etadavoca—

“kacci, bhikkhuniyo, ovādo iddho ahosī”ti?

“Kuto, bhante, ovādo iddho bhavissati. Ayyā chabbaggiyā parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojesun”ti. Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi samādapesi samuttejesi sampahaṃsesi. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu.

Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṃghaṃ sannipātāpetvā chabbaggiye bhikkhū paṭipucchi—

“saccaṃ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīnaṃ parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojethā”ti?

“Saccaṃ, bhagavā”ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe…  kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, bhikkhunīnaṃ parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojessatha. Netaṃ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe…  vigarahitvā…pe…  dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammannituṃ. Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo. Paṭhamaṃ bhikkhu yācitabbo. Yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṃgho ñāpetabbo—

‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṃgho. Yadi saṃghassa pattakallaṃ, saṃgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammanneyya. Esā ñatti.

Suṇātu me, bhante, saṃgho. Saṃgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno bhikkhunovādakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

Dutiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi…pe…  tatiyampi etamatthaṃ vadāmi—  suṇātu me, bhante, saṃgho. Saṃgho itthannāmaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammannati. Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno bhikkhunovādakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa; yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.

Sammato saṃghena itthannāmo bhikkhu bhikkhunovādako. Khamati saṃghassa, tasmā tuṇhī, evametaṃ dhārayāmī’”ti.

Atha kho bhagavā chabbaggiye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā dubbharatāya…pe…  evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ uddiseyyātha—

**“Yo pana bhikkhu asammato bhikkhuniyo ovadeyya pācittiyan”**ti. (21:70)

Evañcidaṃ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ hoti.

Tena kho pana samayena therā bhikkhū sammatā bhikkhuniyo ovadantā tatheva lābhino honti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Atha kho chabbaggiyānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ etadahosi—

“etarahi kho, āvuso, therā bhikkhū sammatā bhikkhuniyo ovadantā tatheva lābhino honti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānappaccayabhesajjaparikkhārānaṃ. Handāvuso, mayampi nissīmaṃ gantvā aññamaññaṃ bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammannitvā bhikkhuniyo ovadāmā”ti. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū nissīmaṃ gantvā aññamaññaṃ bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammannitvā bhikkhuniyo upasaṅkamitvā etadavocuṃ—

“mayampi, bhaginiyo, sammatā. Amhepi upasaṅkamatha. Mayampi ovadissāmā”ti.

Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo yena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā chabbaggiye bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhunīnaṃ parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojesuṃ—

“gacchatha, bhaginiyo”ti. Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavā etadavoca—

“kacci, bhikkhuniyo, ovādo iddho ahosī”ti?

“Kuto, bhante, ovādo iddho bhavissati. Ayyā chabbaggiyā parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojesun”ti.

Atha kho bhagavā tā bhikkhuniyo dhammiyā kathāya sandassesi…pe…  atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavatā dhammiyā kathāya sandassitā samādapitā samuttejitā sampahaṃsitā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu. Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṃ nidāne etasmiṃ pakaraṇe bhikkhusaṃghaṃ sannipātāpetvā chabbaggiye bhikkhū paṭipucchi—

“saccaṃ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīnaṃ parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojethā”ti?

“Saccaṃ, bhagavā”ti. Vigarahi buddho bhagavā…pe…  kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, bhikkhunīnaṃ parittaññeva dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā divasaṃ tiracchānakathāya vītināmetvā uyyojessatha. Netaṃ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṃ vā pasādāya…pe…  vigarahitvā…pe…  dhammiṃ kathaṃ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—

“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammannituṃ. Sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu; bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo, ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasā anupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā; ubhayāni kho panassa pātimokkhāni vitthārena svāgatāni honti suvibhattāni suppavattīni suvinicchitāni suttaso anubyañjanaso; kalyāṇavāco hoti kalyāṇavākkaraṇo; yebhuyyena bhikkhunīnaṃ piyo hoti manāpo; paṭibalo hoti bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ; na kho panetaṃ bhagavantaṃ uddissa pabbajitāya kāsāyavatthavasanāya garudhammaṃ ajjhāpannapubbo hoti; vīsativasso vā hoti atirekavīsativasso vā—  anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imehi aṭṭhahaṅgehi samannāgataṃ bhikkhuṃ bhikkhunovādakaṃ sammannitun”ti.

Yo panāti yo yādiso…pe…  bhikkhūti…pe…  ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.

Asammato nāma ñatticatutthena kammena asammato.

Bhikkhuniyo nāma ubhatosaṃghe upasampannā.

Ovadeyyāti aṭṭhahi garudhammehi ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Aññena dhammena ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ekatoupasampannaṃ ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Tena sammatena bhikkhunā pariveṇaṃ sammajjitvā pānīyaṃ paribhojanīyaṃ upaṭṭhāpetvā āsanaṃ paññapetvā dutiyaṃ gahetvā nisīditabbaṃ. Bhikkhunīhi tattha gantvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīditabbaṃ. Tena bhikkhunā pucchitabbā—

“samaggāttha, bhaginiyo”ti? Sace “samaggāmhāyyā”ti bhaṇanti, “vattanti, bhaginiyo, aṭṭha garudhammā”ti? Sace “vattantāyyā”ti bhaṇanti, “eso, bhaginiyo, ovādo”ti niyyādetabbo. Sace “na vattantāyyā”ti bhaṇanti, osāretabbā. “Vassasatūpasampannāya bhikkhuniyā tadahupasampannassa bhikkhuno abhivādanaṃ paccuṭṭhānaṃ añjalikammaṃ sāmīcikammaṃ kātabbaṃ; ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garukatvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo. Na bhikkhuniyā abhikkhuke āvāse vassaṃ vasitabbaṃ; ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garukatvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo. Anvaddhamāsaṃ bhikkhuniyā bhikkhusaṃghato dve dhammā paccāsīsitabbā uposathapucchakañca ovādūpasaṅkamanañca, ayampi dhammo…pe…  vassaṃ vuṭṭhāya bhikkhuniyā ubhatosaṃghe tīhi ṭhānehi pavāretabbaṃ diṭṭhena vā sutena vā parisaṅkāya vā; ayampi dhammo…pe…  garudhammaṃ ajjhāpannāya bhikkhuniyā ubhatosaṃghe pakkhamānattaṃ caritabbaṃ; ayampi dhammo…pe…  dve vassāni chasu dhammesu sikkhitasikkhāya sikkhamānāya ubhatosaṃghe upasampadā pariyesitabbā; ayampi dhammo…pe…  na bhikkhuniyā kenaci pariyāyena bhikkhu akkositabbo paribhāsitabbo; ayampi dhammo…pe…  ajjatagge ovaṭo bhikkhunīnaṃ bhikkhūsu vacanapatho, anovaṭo bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīsu vacanapatho; ayampi dhammo sakkatvā garukatvā mānetvā pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ anatikkamanīyo”ti.

Sace “samaggāmhāyyā”ti bhaṇantaṃ aññaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Sace “vaggāmhāyyā”ti bhaṇantaṃ aṭṭha garudhamme bhaṇati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Ovādaṃ aniyyādetvā aññaṃ dhammaṃ bhaṇati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vematiko ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Adhammakamme vematiko vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme vematiko vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vematiko ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme vematiko vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vematiko ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vematiko ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa. Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Adhammakamme vematiko samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati…pe…  vematiko ovadati…pe…  samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati…pe…  vematiko ovadati…pe…  samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.

Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vematiko ovadati…pe…  samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Dhammakamme vematiko vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati…pe…  vematiko ovadati…pe…  samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññī vaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati…pe…  vematiko ovadati…pe…  samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati…pe…  vematiko ovadati…pe…  samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Dhammakamme vematiko samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati…pe…  vematiko ovadati…pe…  samaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.

Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vaggasaññī ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ vematiko ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa. Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññī samaggaṃ bhikkhunisaṃghaṃ samaggasaññī ovadati, anāpatti.

Anāpatti—  uddesaṃ dento, paripucchaṃ dento, “osārehi ayyā”ti vuccamāno, osāreti, pañhaṃ pucchati, pañhaṃ puṭṭho katheti, aññassatthāya bhaṇantaṃ bhikkhuniyo suṇanti, sikkhamānāya, sāmaṇeriyā, ummattakassa, ādikammikassāti.

Ovādasikkhāpadaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.