8.2.1 Gopakavatthu

Idheva, bhante, kapilavatthusmiṃ gopikā nāma sakyadhītā ahosi buddhe pasannā dhamme pasannā saṃghe pasannā sīlesu paripūrakārinī. Sā itthittaṃ virājetvā purisattaṃ bhāvetvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā. Devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ amhākaṃ puttattaṃ ajjhupagatā. Tatrapi naṃ evaṃ jānanti—  ‘gopako devaputto, gopako devaputto’ti. Aññepi, bhante, tayo bhikkhū bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā hīnaṃ gandhabbakāyaṃ upapannā. Te pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārayamānā amhākaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ āgacchanti amhākaṃ pāricariyaṃ. Te amhākaṃ upaṭṭhānaṃ āgate amhākaṃ pāricariyaṃ gopako devaputto paṭicodesi—  ‘kutomukhā nāma tumhe, mārisā, tassa bhagavato dhammaṃ assuttha—  ahañhi nāma itthikā samānā buddhe pasannā dhamme pasannā saṃghe pasannā sīlesu paripūrakārinī itthittaṃ virājetvā purisattaṃ bhāvetvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā, devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ sakkassa devānamindassa puttattaṃ ajjhupagatā. Idhāpi maṃ evaṃ jānanti—

“gopako devaputto gopako devaputto”ti. Tumhe pana, mārisā, bhagavati brahmacariyaṃ caritvā hīnaṃ gandhabbakāyaṃ upapannā. Duddiṭṭharūpaṃ vata bho addasāma, ye mayaṃ addasāma sahadhammike hīnaṃ gandhabbakāyaṃ upapanne’ti. Tesaṃ, bhante, gopakena devaputtena paṭicoditānaṃ dve devā diṭṭheva dhamme satiṃ paṭilabhiṃsu kāyaṃ brahmapurohitaṃ, eko pana devo kāme ajjhāvasi.

‘Upāsikā cakkhumato ahosiṃ,
Nāmampi mayhaṃ ahu “gopikā”ti;
Buddhe ca dhamme ca abhippasannā,
Saṃghañcupaṭṭhāsiṃ pasannacittā.

Tasseva buddhassa sudhammatāya,
Sakkassa puttomhi mahānubhāvo;
Mahājutīko tidivūpapanno,
Jānanti maṃ idhāpi “gopako”ti.

Athaddasaṃ bhikkhavo diṭṭhapubbe,
Gandhabbakāyūpagate vasīne;
Imehi te gotamasāvakāse,
Ye ca mayaṃ pubbe manussabhūtā.

Annena pānena upaṭṭhahimhā,
Pādūpasaṅgayha sake nivesane;
Kutomukhā nāma ime bhavanto,
Buddhassa dhammāni paṭiggahesuṃ.

Paccattaṃ veditabbo hi dhammo,
Sudesito cakkhumatānubuddho;
Ahañhi tumheva upāsamāno,
Sutvāna ariyāna subhāsitāni.

Sakkassa puttomhi mahānubhāvo,
Mahājutīko tidivūpapanno;
Tumhe pana seṭṭhamupāsamānā,
Anuttaraṃ brahmacariyaṃ caritvā.

Hīnaṃ kāyaṃ upapannā bhavanto,
Anānulomā bhavatūpapatti;
Duddiṭṭharūpaṃ vata addasāma,
Sahadhammike hīnakāyūpapanne.

Gandhabbakāyūpagatā bhavanto,
Devānamāgacchatha pāricariyaṃ;
Agāre vasato mayhaṃ,
Imaṃ passa visesataṃ.

Itthī hutvā svajja pumomhi devo,
Dibbehi kāmehi samaṅgibhūto’;
Te coditā gotamasāvakena,
Saṃvegamāpādu samecca gopakaṃ.

‘Handa viyāyāma byāyāma,
Mā no mayaṃ parapessā ahumhā’;
Tesaṃ duve vīriyamārabhiṃsu,
Anussaraṃ gotamasāsanāni.

Idheva cittāni virājayitvā,
Kāmesu ādīnavamaddasaṃsu;
Te kāmasaṃyojanabandhanāni,
Pāpimayogāni duraccayāni.

Nāgova sannāni guṇāni chetvā,
Deve tāvatiṃse atikkamiṃsu;
Saindā devā sapajāpatikā,
Sabbe sudhammāya sabhāyupaviṭṭhā.

Tesaṃ nisinnānaṃ abhikkamiṃsu,
Vīrā virāgā virajaṃ karontā;
Te disvā saṃvegamakāsi vāsavo,
Devābhibhū devagaṇassa majjhe.

‘Imehi te hīnakāyūpapannā,
Deve tāvatiṃse abhikkamanti’;
Saṃvegajātassa vaco nisamma,
So gopako vāsavamajjhabhāsi.

‘Buddho janindatthi manussaloke,
Kāmābhibhū sakyamunīti ñāyati;
Tasseva te puttā satiyā vihīnā,
Coditā mayā te satimajjhalatthuṃ’.

Tiṇṇaṃ tesaṃ āvasinettha eko,
Gandhabbakāyūpagato vasīno;
Dve ca sambodhipathānusārino,
Devepi hīḷenti samāhitattā.

Etādisī dhammappakāsanettha,
Na tattha kiṃkaṅkhati koci sāvako;
Nitiṇṇaoghaṃ vicikicchachinnaṃ,
Buddhaṃ namassāma jinaṃ janindaṃ.

Yaṃ te dhammaṃ idhaññāya,
visesaṃ ajjhagaṃsu te;
Kāyaṃ brahmapurohitaṃ,
duve tesaṃ visesagū.

Tassa dhammassa pattiyā,
āgatamhāsi mārisa;
Katāvakāsā bhagavatā,
pañhaṃ pucchemu mārisā”ti.

Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi—

“dīgharattaṃ visuddho kho ayaṃ yakkho, yaṃ kiñci maṃ pañhaṃ pucchissati, sabbaṃ taṃ atthasañhitaṃyeva pucchissati, no anatthasañhitaṃ. Yañcassāhaṃ puṭṭho byākarissāmi, taṃ khippameva ājānissatī”ti.

Atha kho bhagavā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi—

“Puccha vāsava maṃ pañhaṃ,
yaṃ kiñci manasicchasi;
Tassa tasseva pañhassa,
ahaṃ antaṃ karomi te”ti.

Paṭhamabhāṇavāro niṭṭhito.

Katāvakāso sakko devānamindo bhagavatā imaṃ bhagavantaṃ paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi—

“Kiṃsaṃyojanā nu kho, mārisa, devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā ye caññe santi puthukāyā, te—  ‘averā adaṇḍā asapattā abyāpajjā viharemu averino’ti iti ca nesaṃ hoti, atha ca pana saverā sadaṇḍā sasapattā sabyāpajjā viharanti saverino”ti? Itthaṃ sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi. Tassa bhagavā pañhaṃ puṭṭho byākāsi—

“Issāmacchariyasaṃyojanā kho, devānaminda, devā manussā asurā nāgā gandhabbā ye caññe santi puthukāyā, te—  ‘averā adaṇḍā asapattā abyāpajjā viharemu averino’ti iti ca nesaṃ hoti, atha ca pana saverā sadaṇḍā sasapattā sabyāpajjā viharanti saverino”ti. Itthaṃ bhagavā sakkassa devānamindassa pañhaṃ puṭṭho byākāsi. Attamano sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandi anumodi—

“evametaṃ, bhagavā, evametaṃ, sugata. Tiṇṇā mettha kaṅkhā vigatā kathaṃkathā bhagavato pañhaveyyākaraṇaṃ sutvā”ti.

Itiha sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi—

“Issāmacchariyaṃ pana, mārisa, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ; kismiṃ sati issāmacchariyaṃ hoti; kismiṃ asati issāmacchariyaṃ na hotī”ti?

“Issāmacchariyaṃ kho, devānaminda, piyāppiyanidānaṃ piyāppiyasamudayaṃ piyāppiyajātikaṃ piyāppiyapabhavaṃ; piyāppiye sati issāmacchariyaṃ hoti, piyāppiye asati issāmacchariyaṃ na hotī”ti.

“Piyāppiyaṃ pana, mārisa, kiṃnidānaṃ kiṃsamudayaṃ kiṃjātikaṃ kiṃpabhavaṃ; kismiṃ sati piyāppiyaṃ hoti; kismiṃ asati piyāppiyaṃ na hotī”ti?

“Piyāppiyaṃ kho, devānaminda, chandanidānaṃ chandasamudayaṃ chandajātikaṃ chandapabhavaṃ; chande sati piyāppiyaṃ hoti; chande asati piyāppiyaṃ na hotī”ti.

“Chando pana, mārisa, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo; kismiṃ sati chando hoti; kismiṃ asati chando na hotī”ti?

“Chando kho, devānaminda, vitakkanidāno vitakkasamudayo vitakkajātiko vitakkapabhavo; vitakke sati chando hoti; vitakke asati chando na hotī”ti.

“Vitakko pana, mārisa, kiṃnidāno kiṃsamudayo kiṃjātiko kiṃpabhavo; kismiṃ sati vitakko hoti; kismiṃ asati vitakko na hotī”ti?

“Vitakko kho, devānaminda, papañcasaññāsaṅkhānidāno papañcasaññāsaṅkhāsamudayo papañcasaññāsaṅkhājātiko papañcasaññāsaṅkhāpabhavo; papañcasaññāsaṅkhāya sati vitakko hoti; papañcasaññāsaṅkhāya asati vitakko na hotī”ti.

“Kathaṃ paṭipanno pana, mārisa, bhikkhu papañcasaññāsaṅkhānirodhasāruppagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipanno hotī”ti?